太阳辐射影响下的建筑经济保温厚度计算方法
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摘要
经济保温厚度的研究是寻找建筑经济性与节能性最优解的过程,但目前经济保温厚度的简化计算方法都忽略了太阳辐射的影响,软件模拟方法耗时费力且专业性要求高。为了集成两种方法的优势,该文总结了目前国内经济保温厚度研究的技术路线与优缺点,分析了将太阳辐射对于建筑经济保温厚度影响的三种途径,基于非平衡保温的思想利用OTTV法建立了全周期费用评价模型,并选取了西安市一栋三层典型居住建筑进行了实例分析,得出该建筑南、北、东西向外墙的经济保温厚度分别为35mm、44mm和40mm。文中最后对比分析了经典模型与改良模型的计算结果,并计算分析了窗墙比变化对经济保温厚度的影响,得出在西安地区改良算法得出的结果比传统算法小12%左右,窗墙比变化对经济保温厚度影响很小。
Study of economic insulation thickness is the process of finding the optimal solution of building economy and energy conservation. However, most of the current simplified calculation methods for economic insulation thickness ignore the influence of solar radiation, and the simulation method requires much time and efforts. We summarized the technical routes as well as advantages and disadvantages of most current economic insulation thickness research, analyzed the necessity of incorporating solar radiation factors into the calculation of economic insulation thickness, and established a full-cycle cost evaluation model by using the idea of non-equilibrium insulation and OTTV method. An example analysis of a typical three-story residential building in Xi'an was carried out and the economic insulation thickness of the south, north, east and west walls of the building was calculated as 35 mm, 44 mm and 40 mm respectively. Finally, the paper compared and analyzed the calculation results of the classic model and the improved model, and calculated and analyzed the influence of the window-to-wall ratio change on the economic insulation thickness. It is concluded that the improved algorithm in Xi'an area is about 12% smaller than the traditional algorithm. The change in the ratio has little effect on the thickness of the economic insulation.
Study of economic insulation thickness is the process of finding the optimal solution of building economy and energy conservation. However, most of the current simplified calculation methods for economic insulation thickness ignore the influence of solar radiation, and the simulation method requires much time and efforts. We summarized the technical routes as well as advantages and disadvantages of most current economic insulation thickness research, analyzed the necessity of incorporating solar radiation factors into the calculation of economic insulation thickness, and established a full-cycle cost evaluation model by using the idea of non-equilibrium insulation and OTTV method. An example analysis of a typical three-story residential building in Xi'an was carried out and the economic insulation thickness of the south, north, east and west walls of the building was calculated as 35 mm, 44 mm and 40 mm respectively. Finally, the paper compared and analyzed the calculation results of the classic model and the improved model, and calculated and analyzed the influence of the window-to-wall ratio change on the economic insulation thickness. It is concluded that the improved algorithm in Xi'an area is about 12% smaller than the traditional algorithm. The change in the ratio has little effect on the thickness of the economic insulation.
引文
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[16] 李恩,刘加平,张卫华.太阳能富集地区居住建筑非平衡保温研究-拉萨市非平衡保温传热系数限值研究[J].建筑科学,2011,27(8):56-60,86.
[2] 刘恩海,王长忠,潘嘉信,房爱民.基于经济、能量和环境因素的保温厚度分析[J].建筑热能通风空调,2017,36(10):67-70.
[3] 张垚,牛建刚,金国辉.建筑保温材料节能性能及经济厚度优化研究[J].建筑科学,2017,33(10):149-156.
[4] 黄仁达,李丽,吴会军,李铮伟.夏热冬冷地区外墙保温材料厚度的经济性分析[J].新型建筑材料,2017,44(9):105-110.
[5] 田国华,吕恒林,黄建恩,冯伟,张丙利.农村住宅外墙保温系统及经济厚度研究[J].建筑经济,2015,36(4):87-90.
[6] 张丙利,黄建恩,冯伟,闫加贺.公共建筑外墙保温层经济厚度的确定-以徐州地区为例[J].四川建筑科学研究,2012,38(3):309-311.
[7] 王厚华,吴伟伟.居住建筑外墙外保温厚度的优化分析[J].重庆大学学报,2008,31(8):937-941.
[8] 许建柳,何嘉鹏,孙伟民.南京建筑围护结构保温层经济厚度计算研究[J].暖通空调,2008,38(1):49-51.
[9] 荆有印,柴保双,宋燕,丁桂艳.寒冷地区外墙保温对建筑负荷的影响及经济保温层厚度的确定[J].建筑科学,2007,23(12):39-41.
[10] 房琳,曲德林,刘福祯.空调建筑外墙和屋顶经济绝热厚度的计算[J].太阳能学报,2002,23(6):711-716.
[11] 金虹,邵腾,陈德龙,金雨蒙.严寒地区建筑外墙外保温构造保温层经济厚度研究[J].南方建筑,2018(2):37-40.
[12] 张垚,崔宝霞,牛建刚,金国辉.基于等效采暖度时数建筑外墙保温经济厚度研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(9):117-125.
[13] Liu Y,Lam J C,Tsang C L.Energy performance of building envelopes in different climate zones in China[J].Applied Energy,2008,85(9):800-817.
[14] 中华人民共和国建设部.民用建筑热工设计规范GB 50176-2016[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2016.
[15] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[16] 李恩,刘加平,张卫华.太阳能富集地区居住建筑非平衡保温研究-拉萨市非平衡保温传热系数限值研究[J].建筑科学,2011,27(8):56-60,86.