IF钢晶界的微观力学性能及其对宏观力学性能的影响
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摘要
利用纳米压痕技术对不同晶粒尺寸无间隙原子钢(IF钢)晶界的微观力学性能进行表征,并测试了IF钢的维氏硬度和拉伸性能,分析了晶界微观力学性能对宏观力学性能的影响。结果表明:不同尺寸晶粒内的纳米压痕硬度和弹性模量基本一致,但晶粒尺寸较小试样的平均纳米压痕硬度约为3.12GPa,比晶粒尺寸较大试样的(2.36GPa)更高,平均模量约为205GPa,低于晶粒尺寸较大试样的(210GPa),晶粒尺寸较小试样的维氏硬度和抗拉强度明显高于晶粒尺寸较大试样的;晶界的纳米压痕硬度(3.25GPa以上)比晶粒内的(2.61GPa)更高而弹性模量略低是导致宏观力学性能差异的主要原因。
The micro-mechanical properties at grain boundaries of interstitial-free steel(IF steel)with different grain size were characterized by nanoindentation technique,and the Vickers hardness and tensile properties of the steel were tested.The effect of micro-mechanical properties at the grain boundaries on the macro-mechanical properties was discussed.The results show that the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus of the grains with different size were basically the same.The average nanoindentation hardness of the sample containing relatively fine grains was about 3.12 GPa,higher than that(2.36 GPa)with relatively coarse grains,and the elastic modulus was about 205 GPa,lower than that(210 GPa)with relatively coarse grains.The Vickers hardness and tensile strength of the sample containing relatively fine grains were also higher than those containing relatively coarse grains.The nanoindentation hardness at the grain boundaries(above 3.25 GPa)was higher than that(2.61 GPa)in the grains while the elastic modulus was slightly lower,which was the main reason for the difference between the macromechanical properties.
The micro-mechanical properties at grain boundaries of interstitial-free steel(IF steel)with different grain size were characterized by nanoindentation technique,and the Vickers hardness and tensile properties of the steel were tested.The effect of micro-mechanical properties at the grain boundaries on the macro-mechanical properties was discussed.The results show that the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus of the grains with different size were basically the same.The average nanoindentation hardness of the sample containing relatively fine grains was about 3.12 GPa,higher than that(2.36 GPa)with relatively coarse grains,and the elastic modulus was about 205 GPa,lower than that(210 GPa)with relatively coarse grains.The Vickers hardness and tensile strength of the sample containing relatively fine grains were also higher than those containing relatively coarse grains.The nanoindentation hardness at the grain boundaries(above 3.25 GPa)was higher than that(2.61 GPa)in the grains while the elastic modulus was slightly lower,which was the main reason for the difference between the macromechanical properties.
引文
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[2]LU K,ZHANG H Y,ZHONG Y,et al.Grain size dependence of mechanical properties in nanocrystalline selenium[J].Journal of Materials Research,1997,12(4):923-930.
[3]郑磊,徐庭栋.一种实验确定多晶体材料晶界区弹性模量的方法[J].自然科学进展,2004,14(5):573-577.
[4]张泰华.微/纳米力学测试技术及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:4-5.
[5]谢存毅.纳米压痕技术在材料科学中的应用[J].物理,2001,30(7):432-435.
[6]姚瑶,周灿栋,史弼,等.超级双相不锈钢中σ相力学性能的纳米压痕表征[J].机械工程材料,2011,35(7):1-2.
[7]宋洪伟,刘志文,张俊宝,等.表面纳米化40Cr钢的组织特征[J].机械工程材料,2004,28(1):35-37.
[8]樊雄.高碳珠光体钢形变后的微观组织及力学性能研究[J].铸造技术,2014,35(2):247-249.
[9]熊毅,郭志强,何红玉,等.ECAP温变形高碳珠光体钢中亚微米级铁素体的力学性能[J].材料热处理学报,2013,34(7):36-40.
[10]马亚鑫,高怡斐,曾雨吟,等.利用纳米压痕表征高铁车轮微观相的力学性能[J].材料导报,2015,29(6):102-106.
[11]张泰华.微/纳米力学测试技术:仪器化压入的测量,分析,应用及其标准化[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:106-107.
[12]张俊宝,杨晓萍,王秀芳,等.精细退火GCr15钢各相微观组织纳米压痕表征[J].宝钢技术,2008(2):50-53.
[13]SHEN T D,KOCH C C,TSUI T Y,et al.On the elastic moduli of nanocrystalline Fe,Cu,Ni,and Cu-Ni alloys prepared by mechanical milling/alloying[J].Journal of Materials Research,1995,10(11):2892-2896.
[14]CHOI Y,CHOO W Y,KWON D.Analysis of mechanical property distribution in multiphase ultra-fine-grained steels by nanoindentation[J].Scripta Materialia,2001,45(12):1401-1406.