基于岩体完整性评价的超声–地震波速度跨尺度转换方法研究
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摘要
为了更好地使用岩石超声波速模型对地层地震成像过程进行约束,研究钻孔岩芯超声波速与地层地震波速的对应转换关系。提出一种根据岩体完整性状态,利用钻孔岩芯实测超声波速数据来获取地下介质地震波速分布的方法。首先根据岩性分类采用转换系数将岩块超声波速转换为岩块地震波速;再采用经验公式考虑水饱和度、温度和地压的影响,修正岩块波速;然后由钻孔岩芯图像确定岩体体积节理数Jv和岩体完整性系数Kv,将岩块地震波速转换为岩体地震波速。为了验证该转换方法的有效性,依托华阳川铀铌铅多金属矿床浅层勘探工程,选取5个钻孔开展对比研究。地层地震波速的空间分布采用背景噪声成像法反演得到,而通过超声波速转换得到的岩体波速数据,沿钻孔方向实施了空间平均化处理。两者对比结果表明,地震波速的空间趋势是一致的,数值上具有高度的相关性。
A method for transforming the ultrasonic velocity of the drilling core to the seismic velocity of the corresponding strata beneath the surface was proposed. According to the rock type,the ultrasonic velocity of rock blocks is converted to the seismic wave velocity using different conversion coefficients,and the velocity is modified using an empirical equation,considering the effects of water saturation,temperature and pressure. The seismic wave velocity of rock body is obtained from the seismic wave velocity of a rock block,by using the integrity coefficient Kv of rock mass and the volume joint number Jv of rock body. To testify this method,5 drilling cores were chosen from the polymetallic deposit in Huayangchuan,and the ultrasonic velocities of the samples were measured and converted into the seismic velocities according to the method. Comparisons indicate that the two sets of velocities are very well correlated in terms of the depth change.
A method for transforming the ultrasonic velocity of the drilling core to the seismic velocity of the corresponding strata beneath the surface was proposed. According to the rock type,the ultrasonic velocity of rock blocks is converted to the seismic wave velocity using different conversion coefficients,and the velocity is modified using an empirical equation,considering the effects of water saturation,temperature and pressure. The seismic wave velocity of rock body is obtained from the seismic wave velocity of a rock block,by using the integrity coefficient Kv of rock mass and the volume joint number Jv of rock body. To testify this method,5 drilling cores were chosen from the polymetallic deposit in Huayangchuan,and the ultrasonic velocities of the samples were measured and converted into the seismic velocities according to the method. Comparisons indicate that the two sets of velocities are very well correlated in terms of the depth change.
引文
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[3]王怀民,王红才,殷昌吉,等.新疆哈密砂岩地震波速、各向异性及弹性性质的实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(3):1 034–1042.(WANGHuaimin,WANGHongcai,YINChangji,etal.Experimental studyofseismicwavevelocity,anisotropyandelastic property of sandstones in Hami,Xinjiang[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2017,32(3):1 034–1 042.(in Chinese))
[4]杜守继,马明,陈浩华,等.花岗岩经历不同高温后纵波波速分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1803–1806.(DU Shouji,MA Ming,CHEN Haohua,et al. Testing study on longitudinal wavecharacteristicsofgraniteafterhightemperature[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1 803–1 806.(in Chinese))
[5]许海,王勤,马中高,等.华南地区典型岩石的地震波性质研究[J].高校地质学报,2011,17(3):469–478.(XU Hai,WANG Qin,MAZhonggao,etal.SeismicpropertiesoftypicalrocksinSouth China[J].GeologicalJournalofChinaUniversities,2011,17(3):469–478.(in Chinese))
[6]周莉,李德建,王春光.温度对深部砂岩波速的影响[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2007,(3):177–181.(ZHOU Li,LI Dejian,WANG Chunguang. Temperature effect on wave velocity of deep sandstone[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology,2007,(3):177–181.(in Chinese))
[7]卢琳,闫桂京,陈建文.地层温度和压力对地震波速的影响[J].海洋地质动态,2005,(9):13–16.(LU Lin,YAN Guijing,CHEN Jianwen. Influence of formation temperature and pressure on seismic wavevelocity[J].MarineGeologyLetters,2005,(9):13–16.(in Chinese))
[8]刘祝萍,吴小薇,楚泽涵.岩石声学参数的实验测量及研究[J].地球物理学报,1994,(5):659–666.(LIU Zhuping,WU Xiaowei,CHUZehan.Experimentalmeasurementandstudyofrockacoustic parameters[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1994,(5):659–666.(in Chinese))
[9]TARIQ A,朱成宏. Trinidad地区地震各向异性——一种岩性预测的新方法[J].石油物探译丛,2001,(4):67–73.(TARIQ A,ZHU Chenghong.SeismicanisotropyinTrindiadarea:anewmethodfor lithologicprediction[J].ReservoirEvaluationandDevelopment,2001,(4):67–73.(in Chinese))
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[13]王勤.岩石地震波性质的实验与理论研究[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,(2):118–126.(WANGQin.Experimentaland theoretical study on seismic properties of rocks[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2007,(2):118–126.(in Chinese))
[14]工程地质手册编委会.工程地质手册[M].4版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007:269–279.(EditorialCommitteeofEngineering GeologicalHandbook.Engineeringgeologicalhandbook[M].4thed.Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2007:269–279.(in Chinese))
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[16]段世委,许仙娥.岩体完整性系数确定及应用中的几个问题探讨[J].工程地质学报,2013,21(4):548–553.(DUAN Shiwei,XU Xian′e.Discussionofproblemsincalculationandapplicationofrockmass integrity coefficient[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2013,21(4):548–553.(in Chinese))
[17]田洪礼,董晓光.超声波速度与地震波速度对应关系的应用[J].河南地质,1997,(4):54–58.(TIANHongli,DONGXiaoguang.Applicationofcorrespondencebetweenultrasonicvelocityand seismicwavevelocity[J].HenanGeology,1997,(4):54–58.(in Chinese))
[18]王清玉.岩体完整性系数的确定问题[J].勘察科学技术,1994,(3):63–65.(WANGQingyu.Problemtodeterminetheintegrity coefficientofrockmass[J].SiteInvestigationScienceand Technology,1994,(3):63–65.(in Chinese))
[19]王昊,高志飞,赵国斌.利用Kv值法进行岩体完整性划分的研究[J].水利水电工程设计,2009,28(4):48–49.(WANG Hao,GAO Zhifei,ZHAO Guobin. Study on rock integrity division using Kv value method[J].DesignofWaterResourcesandHydroelectric Engineering,2009,28(4):48–49.(in Chinese))
[20]翟锐,赵帮亚.声波测试法在隧道围岩完整性判别中的应用[J].现代交通技术,2014,11(3):51–53.(ZHAI Rui,ZHAO Bangya.Applicationofacousticdetectionmethodinintegritydistinguishing for tunnel surrounding rock[J]. ModernTransportationTechnology,2014,11(3):51–53.(in Chinese))
[21]王素娜,孙小岩,王明中.矿房围岩完整性的超声波测试[J].矿业工程,2007,(4):2–4.(WANGSu′na,SUNXiaoyan,WANG Mingzhong. Ultrasonic testing of surrounding rock integrity in mining houses[J]. Mining Engineering,2007,(4):2–4.(in Chinese))
[22]THOMAS JA. Mineral physics and crystallography:a handbook of physicalconstants[M].Washington:TheAmericanGeophysical Union,1995:45–63.
[23]沈联蒂,史謌.岩性、含油气性、有效覆盖压力对纵、横波速度的影响[J].地球物理学报,1994,(3):391–399.(SHENLiandi,SHIGe.Influenceoflithology,petroliferousandeffectivecover pressure on the velocityoflongitudinal and transverse waves[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1994,(3):391–399.(in Chinese))
[24]王绳祖.高温高压岩石力学——历史,现状,展望[J].地球物理学进展,1995,10(4):1–10.(WANG Shengzu. Rock mechanics in high temperatureandhighpressure--history, presentsituationand Prospect[J]. Progress in Geophysics,1995,10(4):1–10.(in Chinese))
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