预裂爆破在白马铁矿边坡靠帮中的应用
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摘要
露天采矿终了边坡稳定性至关重要,为了解决矿山前期开采过程中靠帮边坡质量不理想、半壁孔痕率低、预裂面破碎不完整、散块挂帮率高等一系列问题,白马铁矿在终了境界采用了大孔直径160 mm进行预裂爆破。根据开挖岩体的地质特征,对间隔装药结构不耦合系数、线装药密度等先进行理论计算,然后试验对比分析,确定针对不同岩性部位设置预裂爆破的合理参数,采用逐孔搭配导爆索排间分组联合起爆网路。这种大孔径深孔"预裂-缓冲"爆破方案在采场靠帮实践中取得明显成效,可为类似工程提供较好的参考价值。
The stability of the slope at the end of open-pit mining is vital importance. In order to solve a series of problems in the early mining process, such as unsatisfactory slope quality, low half-wall hole mark rate, incomplete pre-split surface breakage and high slabbing rate, Baima iron mine adopts the large-hole diameter of 160 mm for pre-split blasting at the end state.According to the geological characteristics of the excavated rock mass, the uncoupling coefficient of interval charge structure and the density of linear charge were calculated theoretically first, and then the comparative analysis of tests was carried out to determine the reasonable parameters of pre-splitting blasting for different rock locations. The blasting scheme of "pre-splitting and buffering" for large diameter and deep hole has achieved remarkable results in the practice of stope lining, which can provide better reference value for similar projects.
The stability of the slope at the end of open-pit mining is vital importance. In order to solve a series of problems in the early mining process, such as unsatisfactory slope quality, low half-wall hole mark rate, incomplete pre-split surface breakage and high slabbing rate, Baima iron mine adopts the large-hole diameter of 160 mm for pre-split blasting at the end state.According to the geological characteristics of the excavated rock mass, the uncoupling coefficient of interval charge structure and the density of linear charge were calculated theoretically first, and then the comparative analysis of tests was carried out to determine the reasonable parameters of pre-splitting blasting for different rock locations. The blasting scheme of "pre-splitting and buffering" for large diameter and deep hole has achieved remarkable results in the practice of stope lining, which can provide better reference value for similar projects.
引文
[1]攀枝花钢铁(集团)公司白马铁矿一期工程初步设计[Z].长沙:长沙矿冶研究院,2003.Preliminary design of Baima Iron Mine phase I project of Panzhihua Iron&Steel(group)Co.,Ltd.[Z].Changsha:Changsha Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003.
[2]王运敏.现代采矿手册(上册)[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.2011:806-809.WANG Y M. Modern mining manual(volume 1)[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2011:806-809.
[3]汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.2011:247-262.WANG X G. Blasting design and construction[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2011:247-262.
[4]梁晶泰.兰尖铁矿预裂爆破实践[C]//本书编委会.兰尖铁矿科技论文集.成都:四川科学技术出版社,2004:88-92.LIANG J T.Practice of pre-split blasting in Lanjian iron mine[C]//Editorial board of the book. Collection of scientific and technological papers of Lanjian iron mine. Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 2004:88-92.
[5]王铭,陈能革.预裂爆破技术在凹山铁矿的应用[J].现代矿业,2016(8):23-26.WANG M, CHEN N G. Application of pre-split blasting technology in Aoshan iron mine[J]. Modern Mining,2016(8):23-26.
[6]国家安全生产监督管理总局.爆破安全规程:GB6722-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.State Administration of Work Safety. Safety regulations for blasting:GB 6722-2014[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press,2015.
[2]王运敏.现代采矿手册(上册)[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.2011:806-809.WANG Y M. Modern mining manual(volume 1)[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2011:806-809.
[3]汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.2011:247-262.WANG X G. Blasting design and construction[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2011:247-262.
[4]梁晶泰.兰尖铁矿预裂爆破实践[C]//本书编委会.兰尖铁矿科技论文集.成都:四川科学技术出版社,2004:88-92.LIANG J T.Practice of pre-split blasting in Lanjian iron mine[C]//Editorial board of the book. Collection of scientific and technological papers of Lanjian iron mine. Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 2004:88-92.
[5]王铭,陈能革.预裂爆破技术在凹山铁矿的应用[J].现代矿业,2016(8):23-26.WANG M, CHEN N G. Application of pre-split blasting technology in Aoshan iron mine[J]. Modern Mining,2016(8):23-26.
[6]国家安全生产监督管理总局.爆破安全规程:GB6722-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.State Administration of Work Safety. Safety regulations for blasting:GB 6722-2014[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press,2015.