岩溶地区不同土地利用方式土壤固碳细菌群落结构特征
|
摘要
固碳细菌是土壤碳循环重要的微生物群落,研究其群落结构特征对认识土壤生态系统的固碳机制具有重要意义.以桂林毛村岩溶实验场的岩溶区、混合区与非岩溶区为研究样区,采集稻田、玉米和柑橘园表层土壤,以cbb LR为固碳细菌的指示基因,采用高通量测序方法,对比在三类区域土壤中固碳细菌的群落丰度、组成及多样性特征的异同.结果表明,三类区域土壤中固碳细菌属于变形菌门和放线菌门.其中,变形菌门的α-变形菌纲(α-Proteobacteria,24.6%)为三类区域土壤中的优势纲,以根瘤菌为主的兼性自养菌是主要的固碳细菌.在岩溶区,伯克氏菌目(Burkholderiales)、红假单胞菌属(Rhodopseudomonas)、固氮螺菌属(Azospirillum)、费氏根瘤菌(Sinorhizobium fredii HH103)、豌豆根瘤菌(Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.trifolii)等微生物的丰度均高于混合区和非岩溶区;而慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)为混合区与非岩溶区土壤中的优势种群.冗余分析(redundancy analysis)表明,pH、土壤有机碳(SOC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、总氮(TN)和阳离子交换量(CEC)等土壤因子是影响固碳细菌群落结构差异的主要生态因子.以上结果表明,岩溶区的土壤特性对固碳细菌的群落结构有显著影响.
Carbon dioxide(CO_2)-fixing bacteria are important microbial communities of the soil carbon cycle.It is important to study their community structure characteristics in karst areas to understand the carbon-sequestration mechanism of the soil ecosystem.The top soil samples of paddy fields,maize fields,and citrus orchards were collected in a karst area,mixed zone,and non-karst area at the Maocun karst experimental site in Guilin.The community abundance,composition,and diversity of CO_2-fixing bacteria were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology with cbb LR as indicating gene.The results show that most of the CO_2-fixing bacteria can only be classified as the shallow taxonomic group including bacteria and actinomycetes.The α-Proteobacteria of Proteobacteria was the dominant class in the three areas.Facultative autotrophic bacteria dominated by rhizobia were the main CO_2-fixing bacteria.The abundances of Burkholderiales,Rhodopseudomonas,Azospirillum,Sinorhizobium fredii HH103,Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.trifolii were higher in the karst area than in the other two areas.However,Bradyrhizobium is the dominant species in the mixing and non-karst areas.The redundancy analysis shows that the pH,soil organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,cation exchange capacity,and total nitrogen are the main ecological factors affecting the community structure of CO_2-fixing bacteria.The above-mentioned results show that the soil properties in the karst area can significantly affect the community structure of CO_2-fixing bacteria.
Carbon dioxide(CO_2)-fixing bacteria are important microbial communities of the soil carbon cycle.It is important to study their community structure characteristics in karst areas to understand the carbon-sequestration mechanism of the soil ecosystem.The top soil samples of paddy fields,maize fields,and citrus orchards were collected in a karst area,mixed zone,and non-karst area at the Maocun karst experimental site in Guilin.The community abundance,composition,and diversity of CO_2-fixing bacteria were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology with cbb LR as indicating gene.The results show that most of the CO_2-fixing bacteria can only be classified as the shallow taxonomic group including bacteria and actinomycetes.The α-Proteobacteria of Proteobacteria was the dominant class in the three areas.Facultative autotrophic bacteria dominated by rhizobia were the main CO_2-fixing bacteria.The abundances of Burkholderiales,Rhodopseudomonas,Azospirillum,Sinorhizobium fredii HH103,Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.trifolii were higher in the karst area than in the other two areas.However,Bradyrhizobium is the dominant species in the mixing and non-karst areas.The redundancy analysis shows that the pH,soil organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,cation exchange capacity,and total nitrogen are the main ecological factors affecting the community structure of CO_2-fixing bacteria.The above-mentioned results show that the soil properties in the karst area can significantly affect the community structure of CO_2-fixing bacteria.
引文
[1]翟心心.岩溶区土壤CO2浓度和土壤酶活性的变化规律及其关系---以重庆青木关岩溶槽谷为例[D].重庆:西南大学,2011.
[2]Elsaied H,Naganuma T.Phylogenetic diversity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large-subunit genes from deep-sea microorganisms[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2001,67(4):1751-1765.
[3]潘根兴,李恋卿,郑聚锋,等.土壤碳循环研究及中国稻田土壤固碳研究的进展与问题[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):901-914.Pan G X,Li L Q,Zheng J F,et al.Perspectives on cycling and sequestration of organic carbon in paddy soils of China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2008,45(5):901-914.
[4]Smith P.Carbon sequestration in croplands:the potential in Europe and the global context[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2004,20(3):229-236.
[5]韩冰,王效科,欧阳志云.中国农田生态系统土壤碳库的饱和水平及其固碳潜力[J].农村生态环境,2005,21(4):6-11.Han B,Wang X K,Ouyang Z Y.Saturation levels and carbon sequestration potentials of soil carbon pools in farmland ecosystems of China[J].Rural Eco-Environment,2005,21(4):6-11.
[6]袁道先.论岩溶环境系统[J].中国岩溶,1988,7(3):179-186.Yuan D X.On the karst environmental system[J].Carsologica Sinica,1988,7(3):179-186.
[7]Wu X H,Ge T D,Yuan H Z,et al.Changes in bacterial CO?fixation with depth in agricultural soils[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2014,98(5):2309-2319.
[8]Xiao K Q,Nie S A,Bao P,et al.Rhizosphere effect has no effect on marker genes related to autotrophic CO2fixation in paddy soils?[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(6):1082-1087.
[9]Tolli J,King G M.Diversity and structure of bacterial chemolithotrophic communities in pine forest and agroecosystem soils[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2005,71(12):8411-8418.
[10]禹飞,梁俊峰,史静龙,等.林冠受损对小坑林场土壤固碳微生物群落结构的影响[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(10):2297-2306.Yu F,Liang J F,Shi J L,et al.Effects of canopy damage on soil CO2fixation bacterial community structure in Xiaokeng forest farm[J].Microbiology China,2017,44(10):2297-2306.
[11]靳振江,潘根兴,刘晓雨,等.太湖地区长期不同施肥水稻土N2和CO2固定细菌群落结构的特征与差异[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(1):82-92.Jin Z J,Pan G X,Liu X Y,et al.Community structure characters and differences of N2-fixing and CO2-fixing bacteria under long-term fertilization in paddy soils of Taihu Lake region,China[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2013,19(1):82-92.
[12]陈泽斌,李冰,王定康,等.应用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术分析玉米内生细菌多样性[J].现代食品科技,2016,32(2):113-120.Chen Z B,Li B,Wang D K,et al.Study on the diversity of endophytic bacteria in maize using Illumina Mi Seq Highthroughput sequencing system[J].Modern Food Science and Technology,2016,32(2):113-120.
[13]Yousuf B,Keshri J,Mishra A,et al.Application of targeted metagenomics to explore abundance and diversity of CO?-fixing bacterial community using cbb L gene from the rhizosphere of Arachis hypogaea[J].Gene,2012,506(1):18-24.
[14]葛体达,袁红朝,吴小红,等.典型农田土壤微生物碳同化潜力及其功能种群研究[A].见:面向未来的土壤科学(中册)---中国土壤学会第十二次全国会员代表大会暨第九届海峡两岸土壤肥料学术交流研讨会论文集[C].成都:中国土壤学会,2012.3.
[15]刘琼,魏晓梦,吴小红,等.稻田土壤固碳功能微生物群落结构和数量特征[J].环境科学,2017,38(2):760-768.Liu Q,Wei X M,Wu X H,et al.Characteristic of abundances and diversity of carbon dioxide fixation microbes in paddy soils[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(2):760-768.
[16]简燕.土壤自养微生物固碳量及其同化碳在土壤理化组分中的含量与分配特征[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015.
[17]王腾,靳振江,郭家怡,等.岩溶与非岩溶区稻田土壤CO2固定细菌的丰度比较[J].中国岩溶,2018,37(1):74-80.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科学出版社,1999.
[19]张灿.夏季北极加拿大海盆浮冰区微生物区系组成及多样性[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2016.
[20]Yuan H Z,Ge T D,Wu X H,et al.Long-term field fertilization alters the diversity of autotrophic bacteria based on the ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(RubisCO)largesubunit genes in paddy soil[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,95(4):1061-1071.
[21]王群艳,吴小红,祝贞科,等.土壤质地对自养固碳微生物及其同化碳的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(10):3987-3995.Wang Y Q,Wu X H,Zhu Z K,et al.Effects of soil texture on autotrophic CO2fixation bacterial communities and their CO2assimilation contents[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(10):3987-3995.
[22]Parry M L,Canziani O F,Palutikof J P,et al.Climate Change2007:Impacts,Adaptation and Vulnerability:Contribution of Working GroupⅡto the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2007.
[23]袁红朝,秦红灵,刘守龙,等.长期施肥对稻田土壤固碳功能菌群落结构和数量的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(1):183-189.Yuan H Z,Qin H L,Liu S L,et al.Abundance and composition of CO2fixating bacteria in relation to long-term fertilization of paddy soils[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(1):183-189.
[24]季凤云,明红霞,李洪波,等.南海表层海水参与卡尔文循环的固碳基因多样性研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(11):4037-4043.Ji F Y,Ming H X,Li H B,et al.Diversity of CO2fixation gene in the surface waters of northern South China Sea in the Calvin cycle[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(11):4037-4043.
[25]戴雅婷,闫志坚,解继红,等.基于高通量测序的两种植被恢复类型根际土壤细菌多样性研究[J].土壤学报,2017,54(3):735-748.Dai Y T,Yan Z J,Xie J H,et al.Soil bacteria diversity in rhizosphere under two types of vegetation restoration based on high throughput sequencing[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2017,54(3):735-748.
[26]姚尧.中国南方广东广西慢生根瘤菌系统发育及全基因组分析[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015.
[27]钱明媚,肖永良,彭文涛,等.免耕水稻土固定CO2自养微生物多样性[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(12):3754-3761.Qian M M,Xiao Y L,Peng W T,et al.Diversities of autotrophic CO2-fixing microbes in no-tillage paddy soils[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(12):3754-3761.
[28]周集体,王竞,杨凤林.微生物固定CO2的研究进展[J].环境科学进展,1999,7(1):1-9.Zhou J T,Wang J,Yang F L.A review of carbon dioxide fixation by microorganisms[J].Advances in Environmental Science,1999,7(1):1-9.
[29]靳振江.耕作和长期施肥对稻田土壤微生物群落结构及活性的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013.
[30]蒲强,谭志远,彭桂香,等.根瘤菌分类的新进展[J].微生物学通报,2016,43(3):619-633.Pu Q,Tan Z Y,Peng G X,et al.Advances in rhizobia taxonomy[J].Microbiology China,2016,43(3):619-633.
[2]Elsaied H,Naganuma T.Phylogenetic diversity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large-subunit genes from deep-sea microorganisms[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2001,67(4):1751-1765.
[3]潘根兴,李恋卿,郑聚锋,等.土壤碳循环研究及中国稻田土壤固碳研究的进展与问题[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):901-914.Pan G X,Li L Q,Zheng J F,et al.Perspectives on cycling and sequestration of organic carbon in paddy soils of China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2008,45(5):901-914.
[4]Smith P.Carbon sequestration in croplands:the potential in Europe and the global context[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2004,20(3):229-236.
[5]韩冰,王效科,欧阳志云.中国农田生态系统土壤碳库的饱和水平及其固碳潜力[J].农村生态环境,2005,21(4):6-11.Han B,Wang X K,Ouyang Z Y.Saturation levels and carbon sequestration potentials of soil carbon pools in farmland ecosystems of China[J].Rural Eco-Environment,2005,21(4):6-11.
[6]袁道先.论岩溶环境系统[J].中国岩溶,1988,7(3):179-186.Yuan D X.On the karst environmental system[J].Carsologica Sinica,1988,7(3):179-186.
[7]Wu X H,Ge T D,Yuan H Z,et al.Changes in bacterial CO?fixation with depth in agricultural soils[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2014,98(5):2309-2319.
[8]Xiao K Q,Nie S A,Bao P,et al.Rhizosphere effect has no effect on marker genes related to autotrophic CO2fixation in paddy soils?[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(6):1082-1087.
[9]Tolli J,King G M.Diversity and structure of bacterial chemolithotrophic communities in pine forest and agroecosystem soils[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2005,71(12):8411-8418.
[10]禹飞,梁俊峰,史静龙,等.林冠受损对小坑林场土壤固碳微生物群落结构的影响[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(10):2297-2306.Yu F,Liang J F,Shi J L,et al.Effects of canopy damage on soil CO2fixation bacterial community structure in Xiaokeng forest farm[J].Microbiology China,2017,44(10):2297-2306.
[11]靳振江,潘根兴,刘晓雨,等.太湖地区长期不同施肥水稻土N2和CO2固定细菌群落结构的特征与差异[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(1):82-92.Jin Z J,Pan G X,Liu X Y,et al.Community structure characters and differences of N2-fixing and CO2-fixing bacteria under long-term fertilization in paddy soils of Taihu Lake region,China[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2013,19(1):82-92.
[12]陈泽斌,李冰,王定康,等.应用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术分析玉米内生细菌多样性[J].现代食品科技,2016,32(2):113-120.Chen Z B,Li B,Wang D K,et al.Study on the diversity of endophytic bacteria in maize using Illumina Mi Seq Highthroughput sequencing system[J].Modern Food Science and Technology,2016,32(2):113-120.
[13]Yousuf B,Keshri J,Mishra A,et al.Application of targeted metagenomics to explore abundance and diversity of CO?-fixing bacterial community using cbb L gene from the rhizosphere of Arachis hypogaea[J].Gene,2012,506(1):18-24.
[14]葛体达,袁红朝,吴小红,等.典型农田土壤微生物碳同化潜力及其功能种群研究[A].见:面向未来的土壤科学(中册)---中国土壤学会第十二次全国会员代表大会暨第九届海峡两岸土壤肥料学术交流研讨会论文集[C].成都:中国土壤学会,2012.3.
[15]刘琼,魏晓梦,吴小红,等.稻田土壤固碳功能微生物群落结构和数量特征[J].环境科学,2017,38(2):760-768.Liu Q,Wei X M,Wu X H,et al.Characteristic of abundances and diversity of carbon dioxide fixation microbes in paddy soils[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(2):760-768.
[16]简燕.土壤自养微生物固碳量及其同化碳在土壤理化组分中的含量与分配特征[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015.
[17]王腾,靳振江,郭家怡,等.岩溶与非岩溶区稻田土壤CO2固定细菌的丰度比较[J].中国岩溶,2018,37(1):74-80.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科学出版社,1999.
[19]张灿.夏季北极加拿大海盆浮冰区微生物区系组成及多样性[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2016.
[20]Yuan H Z,Ge T D,Wu X H,et al.Long-term field fertilization alters the diversity of autotrophic bacteria based on the ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(RubisCO)largesubunit genes in paddy soil[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,95(4):1061-1071.
[21]王群艳,吴小红,祝贞科,等.土壤质地对自养固碳微生物及其同化碳的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(10):3987-3995.Wang Y Q,Wu X H,Zhu Z K,et al.Effects of soil texture on autotrophic CO2fixation bacterial communities and their CO2assimilation contents[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(10):3987-3995.
[22]Parry M L,Canziani O F,Palutikof J P,et al.Climate Change2007:Impacts,Adaptation and Vulnerability:Contribution of Working GroupⅡto the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2007.
[23]袁红朝,秦红灵,刘守龙,等.长期施肥对稻田土壤固碳功能菌群落结构和数量的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(1):183-189.Yuan H Z,Qin H L,Liu S L,et al.Abundance and composition of CO2fixating bacteria in relation to long-term fertilization of paddy soils[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(1):183-189.
[24]季凤云,明红霞,李洪波,等.南海表层海水参与卡尔文循环的固碳基因多样性研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(11):4037-4043.Ji F Y,Ming H X,Li H B,et al.Diversity of CO2fixation gene in the surface waters of northern South China Sea in the Calvin cycle[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(11):4037-4043.
[25]戴雅婷,闫志坚,解继红,等.基于高通量测序的两种植被恢复类型根际土壤细菌多样性研究[J].土壤学报,2017,54(3):735-748.Dai Y T,Yan Z J,Xie J H,et al.Soil bacteria diversity in rhizosphere under two types of vegetation restoration based on high throughput sequencing[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2017,54(3):735-748.
[26]姚尧.中国南方广东广西慢生根瘤菌系统发育及全基因组分析[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015.
[27]钱明媚,肖永良,彭文涛,等.免耕水稻土固定CO2自养微生物多样性[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(12):3754-3761.Qian M M,Xiao Y L,Peng W T,et al.Diversities of autotrophic CO2-fixing microbes in no-tillage paddy soils[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(12):3754-3761.
[28]周集体,王竞,杨凤林.微生物固定CO2的研究进展[J].环境科学进展,1999,7(1):1-9.Zhou J T,Wang J,Yang F L.A review of carbon dioxide fixation by microorganisms[J].Advances in Environmental Science,1999,7(1):1-9.
[29]靳振江.耕作和长期施肥对稻田土壤微生物群落结构及活性的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013.
[30]蒲强,谭志远,彭桂香,等.根瘤菌分类的新进展[J].微生物学通报,2016,43(3):619-633.Pu Q,Tan Z Y,Peng G X,et al.Advances in rhizobia taxonomy[J].Microbiology China,2016,43(3):619-633.