南迦巴瓦构造结东侧结合带岩石类型与构造特征
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摘要
南迦巴瓦构造结东侧结合带经历了多期次构造活动变形。通过系统地质调查、剖面测制和取样试验,对其岩石分布、成分、结构、物理力学性质和结合带的构造特征等进行了研究,结果显示:岩石类型多,矿物成分和含量差异大,变质作用复杂,岩石各向异性、抗风化能力差异明显;各类岩片和岩块的物理力学特性差异大;同类岩片和岩块受云母、角闪石含量和变质、风化、塑性变形程度差异等因素的影响,物理力学特性差异也较大;结合带内部和两侧边界总体上未见大的脆性断裂,岩层韧性剪切和塑性变形特征明显,各类岩片以突变焊接接触为主。该结合带现今为一套岩石建造,脆性断裂总体不发育。
The Namjagbarwa structural knot belongs to passive continental margin and it has experienced multiple tectonic deformation in the geological historical period.Through geological survey,profile measurement and large number of sampling test,the distribution,composition,structures,physical and mechanical properties of the rocks and the structural characteristics in this junction zone are studied.It is showed that the rock types in the area are varied with different mineral compositions and content and with complex metamorphism.The rock anisotropy and weathering extent are obvious with different physical and mechanical properties,which are affected by the content difference of mica and hornblende,and by the influence of metamorphism,weathering extent,plastic deformation degree and mica enrichment,etc.There are no large brittle faults in the inner and both sides of the junction zone boundary,instead of obvious ductile shear and plastic deformation.All kinds of rock sheets mainly exhibited abrupt welding contacts.In general,the junction zone is composed of a set of rock formations,and brittle fractures are not developed.
The Namjagbarwa structural knot belongs to passive continental margin and it has experienced multiple tectonic deformation in the geological historical period.Through geological survey,profile measurement and large number of sampling test,the distribution,composition,structures,physical and mechanical properties of the rocks and the structural characteristics in this junction zone are studied.It is showed that the rock types in the area are varied with different mineral compositions and content and with complex metamorphism.The rock anisotropy and weathering extent are obvious with different physical and mechanical properties,which are affected by the content difference of mica and hornblende,and by the influence of metamorphism,weathering extent,plastic deformation degree and mica enrichment,etc.There are no large brittle faults in the inner and both sides of the junction zone boundary,instead of obvious ductile shear and plastic deformation.All kinds of rock sheets mainly exhibited abrupt welding contacts.In general,the junction zone is composed of a set of rock formations,and brittle fractures are not developed.
引文
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[18]吴新国,孙立新,郭金城,等.雅鲁藏布江结合带内韧性剪切带的地质特征及其意义[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005,29(2):198-203.Wu X G,Sun L X,Guo J C,et al.The geological characteristics and significance of the Yarlung Zangbo River suture zone of the ductile shear zone[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2005,29(2):198-203.(in Chinese)
[2]李禹霏.高原深埋TBM施工隧洞岩爆风险评估及对策研究[D].成都:成都理工大学档案馆,2015.Li Y F.Research on Risk Evaluation and Countermeasure of Rock Burst in Deep Buried TBM Tunnel Constructed in Plateau Region[D].Chengdu:The Archive of Chengdu University of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[3]潘桂棠,刘玉平,郑来林,等.青藏高原碰撞构造与效应[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2013:313-318.Pan G T,Liu Y P,Zheng L L,et al.Collision Tectonics and Effect in the Tibetan Plateau[M].Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press,2013:313-318.(in Chinese)
[4]成都地质矿产研究所.1∶25万墨脱县幅地质图和区域地质调查报告[R].成都:成都地质矿产研究所,2003.Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources.1∶25 000Regional Geological Map and Regional Geological Survey Report[R].Chengdu:Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,2003.(in Chinese)
[5]中国地质科学院成都地质矿产研究所.1∶500000青藏高原及邻区地质图[M].北京:地质出版社,1988.Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,CAGS.Geological Map of Tibetan Plateau and Its Adjacent Areas[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1988.(in Chinese)
[6]中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心.青藏高原及邻区地质图(1∶150万)及说明书[M].北京:地质出版社,2013.Chengdu Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey.Geological Map of Tibetan Plateau and Its Adjacent Areas and Instructions[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2013.(in Chinese)
[7]张万平,袁四化,刘伟.青藏高原南部雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带的时空分布特征及地质意义[J].西北地质,2011,44(1):1-9.Zhang W P,Yuan S H,Liu W.Distribution and research significance of ophiolite in Brahmaputra suture zone,southern Tibet[J].Northwestern Geology,2011,44(1):1-9.(in Chinese)
[8]耿全如,潘桂棠,郑来林,等.南迦巴瓦峰地区雅鲁藏布蛇绿混杂岩带矿物学特征及时代[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2004,24(2):1-7.Geng Q R,Pan G T,Zheng L L,et al.Namjagbarwa area of Yarlung Zangbo ophiolitic melange belt and mineralogical characteristics of age[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2004,24(2):1-7.(in Chinese)
[9]耿全如,彭智敏,张璋.藏东雅鲁藏布江大拐弯蛇绿岩变基性岩类岩石地球化学再研究[J].地质通报,2010,29(12):1781-1794.Geng Q R,Peng Z M,Zhang Z.Geochemical study on metamorphosed mafic rocks in ophiolitic zone in the Yarlung Zangpo Great Bend,eastern Tibet,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2010,29(12):1781-1794.(in Chinese)
[10]郑来林,金振民,潘桂棠,等.东喜马拉雅南迦巴瓦地区区域地质特征及构造演化[J].地质学报,2004,78(6):744-751.Zheng L L,Jin Z M,Pan G T,et al.East Himalaya Namjagbarwa regional geological characteristics and tectonic evolution[J].Geological Journal of China,2004,78(6):744-751.(in Chinese)
[11]谢和平,高峰,鞠杨.深部岩体力学研究与探索[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(11):2162-2163.Xie H P,Gao F,Ju Y.Research and development of rock mechanics in deep ground engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(11):2162-2163.(in Chinese)
[12]尹怀模.动力变质岩的分类命名及特征[J].云南地质,1996,15(4):380.Yin H M.Classification,nomenclature and characteristics of dynamic metamorphic rocks[J].Geology of Yunnan,1996,15(4):380.(in Chinese)
[13]游建胜.动力变质岩分类命名探讨及其研究的地质意义[J].福建地质,1994,(2):115.You J S.Geological significance and nomenclature and classification of dynamic metamorphic rocks[J].Geology of Fujian,1994,(2):115.(in Chinese)
[14]耿全如,彭智敏,张璋.喜马拉雅东构造结地区雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩地质年代学研究[J].地质学报,2011,85(7):1116-1127.Geng Q R,Peng Z M,Zhang Z.Geochronological study of the Yarlung Tsangpo ophiolite in the region of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2011,85(7):1116-1127.(in Chinese)
[15]乐昌硕.岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1984:176-183.Yue C S.Petrology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1984:176-183.(in Chinese)
[16]郑来林,廖光宇,耿全如,等.墨脱县幅地质调查新成果及主要进展[J].地质通报,2004,23(5/6):458-462.Zheng L L,Liao G Y,Geng Q R,et al.New results and major progress in regional geological survey of the Mêdog County Sheet[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2004,23(5/6):458-462.(in Chinese)
[17]王天武,马瑞.西藏东部南迦巴瓦地区变质作用特征[J].长春地质学院学报,1996,26(2):152-158.Wang T W,Ma R.Tibet in Namjagbarwa region metamorphism[J].Journal of Changchun College of Geology,1996,26(2):152-158.(in Chinese)
[18]吴新国,孙立新,郭金城,等.雅鲁藏布江结合带内韧性剪切带的地质特征及其意义[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005,29(2):198-203.Wu X G,Sun L X,Guo J C,et al.The geological characteristics and significance of the Yarlung Zangbo River suture zone of the ductile shear zone[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2005,29(2):198-203.(in Chinese)