深部充填开采留巷围岩偏应力演化规律与控制
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摘要
针对深部充填开采留巷围岩控制难题,以邢东矿1126运料巷为研究背景,采用应变软化模型研究工作面推进全过程中留巷围岩偏应力与塑性区演化规律。研究表明:(1)超前采动影响较明显区顶板约为32 m,底板和两帮均约为16 m,留巷采动影响较明显区顶板约为32 m,底板约为24 m;(2)从工作面回采开始到工作面回采结束的全过程对留巷围岩偏应力和塑性区进行监测得到:偏应力分布形态以瘦高椭圆状→近似圆状→小半圆拱→大半圆拱→扇形拱进行演化,偏应力峰值带以顶底板→顶底帮角(实体煤侧)和实体煤帮进行转移;塑性区分布形态以近似椭圆状→近似圆状→半球状进行演化,且塑性区呈非对称分布;(3)基于深部充填开采留巷围岩偏应力和塑性区非对称分布特征,提出了分区非对称围岩控制技术,实践表明,留巷围岩控制效果明显。
In order to solve the surrounding rock control problems of gob-side entry retaining in deep backfill mining,taking the No.1126 haulage roadway in Xingdong coal mine as an example,the Strain Softening model was adopted to simulate the deviatoric stress and plastic zone evolution laws of the surrounding rock at the gob-side entry retaining during the whole process of advancing with the working face.The results show that(1) the more obvious influence zone of the advanced mining about is 32 m on the roof,but about 16 m on floor and two ribs. The more obvious influence range of the lag mining about is 32 m on the roof,but about 24 m on floor.(2) The monitoring sections are monitored from the beginning to the end of working face mining during the whole process of advancing with the working face.It is concluded that the evolutional sequence of deviatoric stress distribution form is thin elliptical shape,approximate circle shape,small semicircle arch,large semicircle arch,and fantail arch. The peak value zone of deviatoric stress is transferred from the roof-to-floor to the corner of roof and floor in solid coal side and the solid coal side.Meanwhile,the order of plastic zone evolution state of the surrounding rock of the gob-side entry retaining as follow: Approximate ellipti-cal shape,approximate circle shape,hemisphere shape,the plastic zone of the surrounding rock is asymmetric distribution.(3) Based on the asymmetric distribution characteristics of deviatoric stress and plastic zone in gob-side entry retaining with deep backfilling mining,the asymmetric control technology of surrounding rock in areas was proposed and applied in the field test.The surrounding rock deformation of gob-side entry was effectively controlled.
In order to solve the surrounding rock control problems of gob-side entry retaining in deep backfill mining,taking the No.1126 haulage roadway in Xingdong coal mine as an example,the Strain Softening model was adopted to simulate the deviatoric stress and plastic zone evolution laws of the surrounding rock at the gob-side entry retaining during the whole process of advancing with the working face.The results show that(1) the more obvious influence zone of the advanced mining about is 32 m on the roof,but about 16 m on floor and two ribs. The more obvious influence range of the lag mining about is 32 m on the roof,but about 24 m on floor.(2) The monitoring sections are monitored from the beginning to the end of working face mining during the whole process of advancing with the working face.It is concluded that the evolutional sequence of deviatoric stress distribution form is thin elliptical shape,approximate circle shape,small semicircle arch,large semicircle arch,and fantail arch. The peak value zone of deviatoric stress is transferred from the roof-to-floor to the corner of roof and floor in solid coal side and the solid coal side.Meanwhile,the order of plastic zone evolution state of the surrounding rock of the gob-side entry retaining as follow: Approximate ellipti-cal shape,approximate circle shape,hemisphere shape,the plastic zone of the surrounding rock is asymmetric distribution.(3) Based on the asymmetric distribution characteristics of deviatoric stress and plastic zone in gob-side entry retaining with deep backfilling mining,the asymmetric control technology of surrounding rock in areas was proposed and applied in the field test.The surrounding rock deformation of gob-side entry was effectively controlled.
引文
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[2]华心祝.我国沿空留巷支护技术发展现状及改进建议[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(12):78-81.HUA Xinzhu.Development status and improved proposals on gobside entry retaining support technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2006,34(12):78-81.
[3]HUA Xinzhu.Study on gob-side entry retaining technique with roadside packing in longwall top-coal caving technology[J].Journal of Coal Science&Engineering(China),2004,10(1):9-12.
[4]张农,韩昌良,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷围岩控制理论与实践[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1635-1641.ZHANG Nong,HAN Changliang,KAN Jiaguang,et al.Theory and practice of surrounding rock control for pillarless gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,23(18):3059-3065.
[5]陈勇,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.沿空留巷巷内支护技术研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(6):903-910.CHEN Yong,BAI Jianbiao,WANG Xiangyu,et al.Support technology research and application inside roadway of gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(6):903-910.
[6]康红普,牛多龙,张镇,等.深部沿空留巷围岩变形特征与支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(10):1977-1987.KANG Hongpu,NIU Duolong,ZHANG Zhen,et al.Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting technology of gob-side entry retaining in deep coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(10):1977-1987.
[7]李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.LI Huamin.Control design of roof rocks for gob-side entry[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[8]余伟健,吴根水,袁超,等.基于偏应力场的巷道围岩破坏特征及工程稳定性控制[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(6):1408-1419.YU Weijian,WU Genshui,YUAN Chao,et al.Failure characteristics and engineering stability control of roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(6):1408-1419.
[9]马念杰,李季,赵志强.圆形巷道围岩偏应力场及塑性区分布规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(2):206-213.MA Nianjie,LI Ji,ZHAO Zhiqiang.Distribution of the deviatoric stress field and plastic zone in circular roadway surrounding rock[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(2):206-213.
[10]许磊,魏海霞,肖祯雁,等.煤柱下底板偏应力区域特征及案例[J].岩土力学,2015,36(2):561-568XU Lei,WEI Haixia,XIAO Zhenyan,et al.Engineering cases and characteristics of deviatoric stress under coal pillar in regional floor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(2):561-568.
[11]陆银龙,王连国,杨峰,等.软弱岩石峰后应变软化力学特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(3):640-647.LU Yinlong,WANG Lianguo,YANG Feng,et al.Post-peak strain softening mechanical properties of weak rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(3):640-647.
[12]曹日红,曹平,张科,等.考虑应变软化的巷道交叉段稳定性分析[J].岩土力学,2013,34(6):1760-1821.CAO Rihong,CAO Ping,ZHANG Ke,et al.Stability analysis of roadway intersection considering strain softening[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(6):1760-1821.
[13]ITASCA Consulting Group Inc.FLAC3D(Version 2.1)users manual[R].Itasca Consulting Group Inc.,2003.
[14]张俊文.深部大规模松软围岩巷道破坏分区理论分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):292-298.ZHANG Junwen.Theoretical analysis on failure zone of surrounding rock in deep large-scale soft rock roadway[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(2):292-298.
[15]QIAO Jianyong.On the preimages of parabolic points[J].Nonlinearity,2000(13):813-818.