我国分级诊疗制度实施的关键问题与对策分析
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摘要
近年来,随着卫生事业迅速发展,我国居民的医疗保障范围和保障能力已大幅度提升。但我国依旧存在"看病难,看病贵"问题,不能充分利用基层医疗卫生资源等现象。为解决上述问题,我国开展了分级诊疗制度。各省构建了符合本省的"基层首诊、双向转诊、急慢分治、上下联动"的就医格局。各省份实施过程中出现的关键问题为分级诊疗制度功能设计不完善、资源配置结构不合理、信息盲区信息碎片化、政策发展与经济社会的利益相关者冲突及相关政策保障不到位,并给出相应解决措施。
In recent years, with the rapid development of health care, the scope and ability of medical security of residents in China have been greatly improved. However, China still has the problem of "difficult and expensive to see a doctor", and cannot make full use of grass-roots medical and health resources and other phenomena. In order to solve the above problems, China has developed a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. Each province has constructed a medical treatment pattern that conforms to the province's "first visit at the grass-roots level, two-way referral, quick and slow treatment, and linkage between upper and lower levels". The key problems in the implementation process of provinces are imperfect functional design of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system, unreasonable resource allocation structure, information fragmentation in information blind areas,conflict between policy development and stakeholders in economic and social sectors, and inadequate policy guarantee. The corresponding solutions are given.
In recent years, with the rapid development of health care, the scope and ability of medical security of residents in China have been greatly improved. However, China still has the problem of "difficult and expensive to see a doctor", and cannot make full use of grass-roots medical and health resources and other phenomena. In order to solve the above problems, China has developed a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. Each province has constructed a medical treatment pattern that conforms to the province's "first visit at the grass-roots level, two-way referral, quick and slow treatment, and linkage between upper and lower levels". The key problems in the implementation process of provinces are imperfect functional design of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system, unreasonable resource allocation structure, information fragmentation in information blind areas,conflict between policy development and stakeholders in economic and social sectors, and inadequate policy guarantee. The corresponding solutions are given.
引文
[1]李喜宁,张哲.路径选择——分级诊疗制度实现的关键[J].农村经济与科技, 2018, 29(15):281-283.
[2]杨坚,谢添,金晶,等.我国各省分级诊疗政策分析[J].中国卫生经济, 2016, 35(1):14-17.
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[6]赵雨欣.浅论当前我国农村分级诊疗所面临的困境与出路[J].农村经济与科技, 2018, 29(16):223.
[7]周贵,罗江磋,舒海燕,等.分级诊疗背景下松散型医联体需求与应对策略[J].大理大学学报, 2018, 3(8):76-79.
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[9]张研,韦倩晨,叶亦盛,等.县乡服务协作在分级诊疗制度建设中的关键作用[J].中国医院管理, 2018, 38(8):11-13.
[10]杨森,王朝昕,金花,等.基于利益相关者的上海市分级诊疗现状系统评价[J].中国全科医学, 2018, 21(22):2672-2678.
[11]陈梦琪,张英红,陈梦伟,等.分级诊疗背景下社区卫生服务站面临的困境——以嘉兴市为例[J].农村经济与科技, 2018, 29(13):271-273.
[12]张鑫鑫.我国分级诊疗制度实施的关键问题与对策探讨[J].劳动保障世界, 2018(21):39.
[13]彭迎春.分级诊疗制度下基层医患互信关系的建构研究[J].中国全科医学, 2018, 21(19):2277-2280.
[14]巫蓉,朱亚,屠小明,等.国内外促进分级诊疗的实践经验及启示[J].南京医科大学学报(社会科学版), 2018, 18(3):172-175.
[15]王权.医疗保险对北京市老年人医疗机构选择行为的影响研究[D].北京:首都经济贸易大学, 2018.
[2]杨坚,谢添,金晶,等.我国各省分级诊疗政策分析[J].中国卫生经济, 2016, 35(1):14-17.
[3]赵斌,李蔚.分级诊疗的实现路径[J].中国社会保障, 2016(5):74-75.
[4]施泰来,于德华.分级诊疗背景下对区域医疗中心医疗技术服务能力的思考[J].卫生软科学, 2018, 32(9):6-8, 15.
[5]孙慧哲,刘永功.三维控制模型视角下分级诊疗制度的完善[J].理论探索, 2018(5):80-84.
[6]赵雨欣.浅论当前我国农村分级诊疗所面临的困境与出路[J].农村经济与科技, 2018, 29(16):223.
[7]周贵,罗江磋,舒海燕,等.分级诊疗背景下松散型医联体需求与应对策略[J].大理大学学报, 2018, 3(8):76-79.
[8]郭珉江,胡红濮,陈荃.典型国家分级诊疗信息共享模式及对我国的启示[J].中国医院管理, 2018, 38(8):77-80.
[9]张研,韦倩晨,叶亦盛,等.县乡服务协作在分级诊疗制度建设中的关键作用[J].中国医院管理, 2018, 38(8):11-13.
[10]杨森,王朝昕,金花,等.基于利益相关者的上海市分级诊疗现状系统评价[J].中国全科医学, 2018, 21(22):2672-2678.
[11]陈梦琪,张英红,陈梦伟,等.分级诊疗背景下社区卫生服务站面临的困境——以嘉兴市为例[J].农村经济与科技, 2018, 29(13):271-273.
[12]张鑫鑫.我国分级诊疗制度实施的关键问题与对策探讨[J].劳动保障世界, 2018(21):39.
[13]彭迎春.分级诊疗制度下基层医患互信关系的建构研究[J].中国全科医学, 2018, 21(19):2277-2280.
[14]巫蓉,朱亚,屠小明,等.国内外促进分级诊疗的实践经验及启示[J].南京医科大学学报(社会科学版), 2018, 18(3):172-175.
[15]王权.医疗保险对北京市老年人医疗机构选择行为的影响研究[D].北京:首都经济贸易大学, 2018.