峰峰矿区不同类型水体多环芳烃分布特征及生态风险评价
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摘要
本文采集并分析了峰峰矿区16件不同类型的水体样品,对样品中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量进行了对比分析,运用同分异构体比值法分析判断了其污染来源,并进行了生态风险评价。结果表明:∑PAHs在不同水体赋存浓度存在明显差异,地表水>矿井水>煤系基岩水>潜水≥奥陶系灰岩水;地表水中PAHs环数组成是以Flt、BaA、Pyr、BaP和InP为主的中-高环芳烃,而潜水、煤系基岩水、奥陶系灰岩水和矿井水是以Nap、Phe和Flu为主的低环芳烃;Ant/(Ant+Phe)和Flt/(Flt+Pyr)的比值显示地表水和奥陶系灰岩水中的PAHs来自于煤和生物质的燃烧,潜水、煤系基岩水和矿井水中的PAHs来自于石油的泄露和煤、生物质的燃烧;生态风险评价结果表明地表水中BaA和BbF处于中等风险,其余水体中的PAHs处于低风险状态,潜水、煤系基岩水、奥陶系灰岩水和矿井水中16种PAHs处于低风险状态。
The paper collected 16 different types of water samples of the Fengfeng mining area.Using the method of isomers ratio,distribution characteristics and pollution sources of the 16 PAHs content were analyzed.The results showed thatΣPAHs in different water concentrations were significantly different,and it was surface water>mine water>coal bedrock water>shallow groundwater≥karst groundwater;the composition of PAHs in the water of surface water was mainly Flt,BaA,Pyr,BaP and InP of the middleheavy molecular weight,and shallow groundwater,coal bedrock water,karst groundwater and mine water were mainly composed of Nap,Phe and Flu;the ratio of Any/(Any+Phe)with Flt/(Flt+Pyr)showed thatthe PAHs sources in surface water and karst groundwater were derived from coal and biomass combustion,at the same time,PAHs sources in shallow groundwater,coal bedrock water and mine water were derived from oil sources with coal and biomass combustion;the ecological risk assessment results showed that BaA and BbF monomers in surface water were at medium risk,the others at low risk,and simultaneously,PAHs in the shallow groundwater,coal bedrock water,karst groundwater and mine water were at low risk.
The paper collected 16 different types of water samples of the Fengfeng mining area.Using the method of isomers ratio,distribution characteristics and pollution sources of the 16 PAHs content were analyzed.The results showed thatΣPAHs in different water concentrations were significantly different,and it was surface water>mine water>coal bedrock water>shallow groundwater≥karst groundwater;the composition of PAHs in the water of surface water was mainly Flt,BaA,Pyr,BaP and InP of the middleheavy molecular weight,and shallow groundwater,coal bedrock water,karst groundwater and mine water were mainly composed of Nap,Phe and Flu;the ratio of Any/(Any+Phe)with Flt/(Flt+Pyr)showed thatthe PAHs sources in surface water and karst groundwater were derived from coal and biomass combustion,at the same time,PAHs sources in shallow groundwater,coal bedrock water and mine water were derived from oil sources with coal and biomass combustion;the ecological risk assessment results showed that BaA and BbF monomers in surface water were at medium risk,the others at low risk,and simultaneously,PAHs in the shallow groundwater,coal bedrock water,karst groundwater and mine water were at low risk.
引文
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[18]武婷,刘贵荣,田瑛泽,等.太湖底泥多环芳烃分布及来源解析[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(1):124-129.
[19]孙玉川,沈立成,袁道先.表层岩溶水中多环芳烃污染特征及来源解析[J].环境科学,2014,35(6):2091-2098.
[20] DUGAY A,HERRRENKENCHT C,CZOK M,et al.New procedure for selective extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in plants for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2002,958(1-2):1-7.
[21]张建立,潘懋,钟佐燊,等.山东淄博煤矿区环境中多环芳烃的初步研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(2):7-9.
[22] KALF D F,CROMMENTUIJN T,VAN DE PLASSCHE E J.Environ-mental quality objectives for 10polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,1997,36(1):89-97.
[23] CAO Z G,LIU J L,LUAN Y,et al.Distribution and ecosystemriskassessmentofpolycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons in the Luan River,China[J].Ecotoxicology,2010,19(5):827-837.
[24] SUN J H,WANG G L,CHAI Y,et al.Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in Henan Reach of the Yellow River, Middle China[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2009,72(5):1614-1624.
[25]蓝家程,孙玉川,田萍,等.岩溶地下河流域水中多环芳烃污染特征及生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(10):3722-3730.
[2] DONG R A,LIN Y T.Characterization and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminations in surface sediment and water from Gao-ping River,Taiwan[J].Water Research,2004,38:1733-1744.
[3] PERRETTE Y,POULENARD J,DURAND A,et al.Atmospheric sources and soil filtering of PAH content in karst seepage waters[J].Organic Geochemistry,2013,65:37-45.
[4]罗孝俊,陈社军,麦碧娴,等.珠江及南海北部海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃分布及来源[J].环境科学,2005,26(4):129-134.
[5] WANG Z B,SUN Y C,LIANG Z B,et al.Contamination and migration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water of Qingmuguan Karst underground river catchment in Chongqing,China[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(3):812-819.
[6]张琳,陈勇,孔利锋,等.新疆准东煤矿开采区域中多环芳烃的污染特征分析[J].环境化学,2017,36(3):677-684.
[7]杨柯,姜建军,刘飞,等.平朔露天煤矿复垦区土壤中多环芳烃分布特征、来源解析及风险分析[J].地学前缘,2016,23(5):281-290.
[8]杨策,钟宁宁,陈党义,等.煤矿区地表水悬浮颗粒物中PAHs的分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2007,27(4):488-492.
[9]杨策,钟宁宁,陈党义,等.煤矿区水环境中多还芳烃污染物的组成与分布[J].安全与环境学报,2007,7(1):75-78.
[10]闫玉梅,秦鹏,吴振铃,等.峰峰矿区煤炭开采对岩溶地下水环境的影响研究[J].中国矿业,2010,19(S1):120-125.
[11]郝春明,张进德,何培雍,等.采煤影响下峰峰煤炭矿区岩溶地下水水动力环境的演变[J].地球与环境,2014,42(4):465-471.
[12]郝春明,何培雍,王议,等.美颜开采后峰峰矿区奥陶系岩溶水硫酸盐演化过程研究[J].中国岩溶,2014,33(4):425-431.
[13]吴迪,汪宜龙,刘伟健,等.河北邯郸钢铁冶金区周边麦田土和小麦籽粒的多环芳烃含量及其组分谱特征[J].环境科学,2016,37(2):740-748.
[14]凌佩,王金喜,张勇,等.峰峰矿区降尘中正构烷烃分布规律及来源解析[J].河北工程大学学报:自然科学版,2013,30(4):70-77.
[15]卢丽,王喆,裴建国.广西岩溶区某地下河系统多种介质中多环芳烃的分布特征[J].现代地质,2015,29(2):324-330.
[16] GOODARZI F, MUDHOPADHYAY P K. Metal and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the drinking water of the Sydney Bain,Nova Scotia,Canada:apre-liminary assessment of their source[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2000,43:357-372.
[17]葛蔚,程琪琪,柴超,等.山东省农田土壤多环芳烃的污染特征及源解析[J].环境科学,2017,38(4):1587-1596.
[18]武婷,刘贵荣,田瑛泽,等.太湖底泥多环芳烃分布及来源解析[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(1):124-129.
[19]孙玉川,沈立成,袁道先.表层岩溶水中多环芳烃污染特征及来源解析[J].环境科学,2014,35(6):2091-2098.
[20] DUGAY A,HERRRENKENCHT C,CZOK M,et al.New procedure for selective extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in plants for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2002,958(1-2):1-7.
[21]张建立,潘懋,钟佐燊,等.山东淄博煤矿区环境中多环芳烃的初步研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(2):7-9.
[22] KALF D F,CROMMENTUIJN T,VAN DE PLASSCHE E J.Environ-mental quality objectives for 10polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,1997,36(1):89-97.
[23] CAO Z G,LIU J L,LUAN Y,et al.Distribution and ecosystemriskassessmentofpolycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons in the Luan River,China[J].Ecotoxicology,2010,19(5):827-837.
[24] SUN J H,WANG G L,CHAI Y,et al.Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in Henan Reach of the Yellow River, Middle China[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2009,72(5):1614-1624.
[25]蓝家程,孙玉川,田萍,等.岩溶地下河流域水中多环芳烃污染特征及生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(10):3722-3730.