高层建筑标准模型脉动风荷载阻塞效应试验研究
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摘要
在均匀低湍流度风场和均匀高湍流度风场中对阻塞比分别为1.7%、3.1%、4.5%、6.3%、8.6%和10.9%的高层建筑标准模型进行了多点同步测压试验,研究了不同风场下阻塞效应对高层建筑标准模型层脉动风力系数和基底脉动力矩系数的影响。结果表明:在均匀低湍流度风场中,当模型阻塞比不大于4.5%时,阻塞效应对高层建筑标准模型层脉动风力系数和基底脉动力矩系数的影响很小;当模型阻塞比大于4.5%时,随着阻塞比的增大,层脉动风力系数和基底脉动力矩系数均明显增大,横风向最为显著。在均匀高湍流度风场中,湍流度的增加增大了层脉动风力系数和基底脉动力矩系数,抑制了阻塞效应对层脉动阻力系数和顺风向基底脉动弯矩系数的影响,削弱了阻塞效应对层脉动升力、扭矩系数和横风向基底脉动弯矩系数、扭转向基底脉动扭矩系数的影响。基于试验结果,提出了高层建筑标准模型层脉动风力系数和基底脉动力矩系数的阻塞效应修正公式,可为相关试验结果的修正提供参考。
In order to investigate the blockage effects on the fluctuating wind force coefficients and the base moment coefficients acting on standard tall building models,a series of standard tall building rigid models with different blockage ratios(1.7%,3.1%,4.5%,6.3%,8.6% and 10.1%) were tested by measurements of synchronous multi-pressure sensing system(SMPSS) in smooth and grid turbulent flows,respectively.The results show that the blockage effects on the fluctuating wind force coefficients of each layer and the corresponding base moment coefficients are very small in the smooth flow when the blockage ratio is less than 4.5%.With the increase of the blockage ratio,the fluctuating wind force coefficients of each layer and the corresponding base moment coefficients increase,in particular for the across-wind forces,when the blockage ratio is larger than 4.5%.In the grid turbulent flow,the fluctuating wind force coefficients and base moment coefficients on the tall building are larger than those in the smooth flow.Moreover,the increasing turbulence suppresses the blockage effects on fluctuating drag coefficients and the corresponding along-wind base moment coefficients,and weakens the blockage effects on fluctuating lift,torque coefficients and their corresponding base moment coefficients to some extent.Based on the test results,the modified formulas for the blockage effects on the fluctuating wind forces on standard tall buildings are proposed.The outcomes of this paper can be a useful reference for relevant research.
In order to investigate the blockage effects on the fluctuating wind force coefficients and the base moment coefficients acting on standard tall building models,a series of standard tall building rigid models with different blockage ratios(1.7%,3.1%,4.5%,6.3%,8.6% and 10.1%) were tested by measurements of synchronous multi-pressure sensing system(SMPSS) in smooth and grid turbulent flows,respectively.The results show that the blockage effects on the fluctuating wind force coefficients of each layer and the corresponding base moment coefficients are very small in the smooth flow when the blockage ratio is less than 4.5%.With the increase of the blockage ratio,the fluctuating wind force coefficients of each layer and the corresponding base moment coefficients increase,in particular for the across-wind forces,when the blockage ratio is larger than 4.5%.In the grid turbulent flow,the fluctuating wind force coefficients and base moment coefficients on the tall building are larger than those in the smooth flow.Moreover,the increasing turbulence suppresses the blockage effects on fluctuating drag coefficients and the corresponding along-wind base moment coefficients,and weakens the blockage effects on fluctuating lift,torque coefficients and their corresponding base moment coefficients to some extent.Based on the test results,the modified formulas for the blockage effects on the fluctuating wind forces on standard tall buildings are proposed.The outcomes of this paper can be a useful reference for relevant research.
引文
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[9]王磊,梁枢果,邹良浩,等.阻塞效应对高层建筑风洞试验的影响分析[J].实验力学,2013,28(2):261-268.(WANG Lei,LIANG Shuguo,ZOULianghao,et al.Investigation on blocking effect of high-rise building in wind tunnel experiment[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2013,28(2):261-268.(in Chinese))
[10]HUNT A.Wind-tunnel measurements of surface pressures on cubic building models at several scales[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1982,10(2):137-163.
[11]TAKEDA K,KATO M.Wind tunnel blockage effects on drag coefficient and wind-induced vibration[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1992,42(1/2/3):897-908.
[12]SAATHOFF P J,MELBOURNE W H.Freestream turbulence and wind tunnel blockage effects on streamwise surface pressures[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,1987,26(3):353-370.
[13]MELBOURNE W H.Comparison of measurements on the CAARC standard tall building model in simulated model wind flows[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,1980,6(1):73-88.
[2]AWBI H B.Wind-tunnel-wall constraint on twodimensional rectangular-section prisms[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1978,3(4):285-306.
[3]LANEVILLE A,TREPANIER J Y.Blockage effects in smooth and turbulent flows:the case of two-dimensional rectangular cylinders[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,1986,22(2/3):169-176.
[4]ANTHOINE J,OLIVARI D,PORTUGAELS D.Windtunnel blockage effect on drag coefficient of circular cylinders[J].Wind and Structures an International Journal,2009,12(6):541-551.
[5]谢壮宁,刘帅,石碧青.低矮房屋标准模型的风洞试验研究[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(6):106-112.(XIE Zhuangning,LIUShuai,SHI Biqing.Investigation into wind tunnel test of standard low-rise building model[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2011,39(6):106-112.(in Chinese))
[6]顾明,黄剑.均匀风场中矩形高层建筑脉动风力阻塞效应试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(10):122-129.(GU Ming,HUANG Jian.Experiment investigation of blockage effects on fluctuating wind forces on rectangular tall buildings in uniform wind flow[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(10):122-129.(in Chinese))
[7]黄剑,顾明.均匀流中矩形高层建筑脉动风压的阻塞效应试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(12):28-34.(HUANG Jian,GU Ming.Tests for blockage effects of fluctuating wind pressure on a rectangular tall building in uniform flow[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(12):28-34.(in Chinese))
[8]张建军,王磊,彭晓辉,等.方截面超高层建筑风洞试验阻塞效应研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2015,37(2):69-75.(ZHANG Jianjun,WANG Lei,PENGXiaohui,et al.Investigation on blocking effect of square section high-rise building in wind tunnel test[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2015,37(2):69-75.(in Chinese))
[9]王磊,梁枢果,邹良浩,等.阻塞效应对高层建筑风洞试验的影响分析[J].实验力学,2013,28(2):261-268.(WANG Lei,LIANG Shuguo,ZOULianghao,et al.Investigation on blocking effect of high-rise building in wind tunnel experiment[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2013,28(2):261-268.(in Chinese))
[10]HUNT A.Wind-tunnel measurements of surface pressures on cubic building models at several scales[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1982,10(2):137-163.
[11]TAKEDA K,KATO M.Wind tunnel blockage effects on drag coefficient and wind-induced vibration[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1992,42(1/2/3):897-908.
[12]SAATHOFF P J,MELBOURNE W H.Freestream turbulence and wind tunnel blockage effects on streamwise surface pressures[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,1987,26(3):353-370.
[13]MELBOURNE W H.Comparison of measurements on the CAARC standard tall building model in simulated model wind flows[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,1980,6(1):73-88.