崇明生态岛生态环境评价及指标优化分析
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摘要
崇明岛拥有良好的生态环境和丰富的自然资源,是上海可持续发展的储备空间。基于PSR模型构建了一套包含1目标3要素22项评价指标的崇明岛生态环境评价指标体系,并通过对评价指标归一化处理和各要素层指数权重计算,得出崇明生态环境指数。结果表明:在崇明生态岛建设行动计划的实施下,崇明岛生态环境指数从2008年的0.57增长至2015年的0.91,增幅达60%,生态岛建设进程从启动阶段进入发展阶段并逐步向完善阶段过渡,环境保护成效显著,可持续健康发展模式已经形成。同时,在分析评估近几年环境状况的基础上,对6项评价指标进行优化研究,以期更科学准确地反映崇明岛生态环境质量,为崇明岛生态文明建设提供依据。
Chongming Island has a good ecological environment and abundant natural resources, which is the reserve space of sustainable development in Shanghai. Based on the PSR model, this paper constructed Chongming island ecological environment evaluation index system, which contained 1 target, 3 elements and 22 evaluation indexes. Chongming island ecological environment index was obtained by the normalization of evaluation index and the weight calculation of each factor layer. Results show that, due to the implementation of Chongming ecological island construction plan, Chongming island ecological environment index showed a trend of increased from 0.57 by 2008 to 0.91 by 2015, the growth rate reached 60%, and ecological island construction process gradually tend to reach perfection, environmental protection had achieved remarkable results, and the sustainable and healthy development mode had been formed. In addition, the index optimization analysis provided data support and policy suggestion for Chongming ecological civilization construction, which based on environmental evaluation in recent years.
Chongming Island has a good ecological environment and abundant natural resources, which is the reserve space of sustainable development in Shanghai. Based on the PSR model, this paper constructed Chongming island ecological environment evaluation index system, which contained 1 target, 3 elements and 22 evaluation indexes. Chongming island ecological environment index was obtained by the normalization of evaluation index and the weight calculation of each factor layer. Results show that, due to the implementation of Chongming ecological island construction plan, Chongming island ecological environment index showed a trend of increased from 0.57 by 2008 to 0.91 by 2015, the growth rate reached 60%, and ecological island construction process gradually tend to reach perfection, environmental protection had achieved remarkable results, and the sustainable and healthy development mode had been formed. In addition, the index optimization analysis provided data support and policy suggestion for Chongming ecological civilization construction, which based on environmental evaluation in recent years.
引文
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[2]彭颖,向明勋.借鉴国际经验推进崇明世界级生态岛建设[J].科学发展,2016,96(11):53-57.
[3]马涛,任文伟.崇明生态岛经济指标体系框架研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(S2):1-5.
[4]刘丹,陆卫国.崇明岛生态环境预警监测评估体系建设现状与思考[J].环境与可持续发展,2015,40(1):173-174.
[5]刘明星,曾刚,尚勇敏,等.新区域主义视角下崇明生态岛建设评价[J].资源开发与市场,2017,33(5):549-558.
[6]崇明区发改委.建设崇明生态岛的总体战略[EB/OL]. http://www.cmx.gov.cn/HTML/DefaultSite/shcm_xxgk_ghjh_stdjsgy/2010-01-21/Detail_10351.htm, 2015-05-11.
[7]陈光华.崇明生态岛环境监测预警体系现状及完善途径[J].安徽农学通报,2018,24(11):67-68.
[8]李林潼,舒英格.基于P-S-R模型的贵州省土地资源生态安全评价[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(6):116-121.
[9]吴颖婕.中国生态城市评价指标体系研究[J].生态经济,2012(12):52-56.
[10]Székács A. Environmental and ecological aspects in the overall assessment of bioeconomy[J]. Journal of Agricultural&Environmental Ethics, 2017, 30(1):1-18.
[11]刘素荣,杨会苗.资源型城市生态环境评价指标体系研究——基于大数据发展背景[J].经济论坛,2017(2):135-139.
[12]Wang C, Zhao H. The assessment of urban ecological environment in watershed scale[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2016, 36(6):169-175.
[13]韩书成,熊建华,李丹.珠三角城市群土地生态安全评价指标体系研究[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(2):83-88.
[14]柏超,陈敏,肖荣波,等.广东省生态环境胁迫综合评价研究[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(6):144-148.
[15]王敏,熊丽君,黄沈发,等.崇明生态岛建设的生态环境指标体系研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(3):341-344.
[16]陈晓丹,车秀珍,杨顺顺,等.经济发达城市生态文明建设评价方法研究[J].生态经济,2012(7):52-56.
[17]李文攀,朱擎,李东一,等.集中式饮用水水源地水质评价方法研究[J].中国环境监测,2015,31(1):24-27.
[18]赵欢,王文华,李剑,等.绿色食品生产中施肥存在的问题和对策探讨[J].现代化农业,2013,110(9):13-14.
[19]吕文秀.正确认识生产绿色食品与施用化肥、农药的关系[J].吉林农业,2012(7):84.
[20]奚振邦.正确认识绿色食品、有机食品与化肥[J].农贸科技,2002,8(4):5-7.
[21]马涛,陈家宽.建设崇明世界级生态岛的新探索[J].生态经济,2011(3):176-179.