酸性腐蚀环境下铝合金自冲铆接头的静力学性能研究
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摘要
以0. 02 mol·L~(-1)的Na HSO3溶液作为酸性腐蚀液对5052铝合金(AA5052)自冲铆试件进行干湿周浸腐蚀实验,通过失重法、静力学测试和电镜扫描(SEM)研究酸性腐蚀环境对AA5052自冲铆接头静力学性能的影响,并从宏观与微观两个方面分析接头失效的机理。腐蚀实验结果显示,随着腐蚀周期的延长,腐蚀产物不断增多,试件失重量增大,腐蚀速率减小,试件表面出现凹坑与凸起,数量不断增加,程度持续加剧;静力学测试中,接头失效形式未发生显著变化,静力学强度呈下降趋势,能量吸收值呈先上升后下降趋势; SEM实验分析得出,板材接触区腐蚀产物增多,上板断裂部位组织呈抛物线状韧窝特征,破坏路径由接头中心向两侧边扩展。由于腐蚀产物的存在,下板铆孔区域损伤严重。
Cyclic wet-dry immersion corrosion test of 5052 aluminum alloy( AA5052) self-piercing rivet specimen was carried out with0. 02 mol·L~(-1) Na HSO3 solution as acid corrosion condition. The effect of acid corrosion environment on static properties of AA5052 selfpiercing riveted joints was studied by weight loss method,static test and electron microscopy( SEM),and the mechanism of joint failure was analyzed from the macroscopic and microscopic aspects. The corrosion test results show that with the prolongation of the corrosion cycle,the corrosion products increase continuously,the weight loss of the test piece increases,the corrosion rate decreases,the pits and protrusions appear on the surface of the test piece,the number of the pits and protrusions and the degree increase continuously. In the static test,the joint failure mode does not change significantly,the static strength decreases,and the energy absorption value increases first and then decreases. The SEM test analysis shows that the corrosion products in the contact area of the plates increase,and the microstructure at fracture part of the upper plate shows characteristic of parabolic dimples. The failure path is extended from the center of the joint to both sides. Due to the presence of corrosion products,the rivet hole area of the lower plate is seriously damaged.
Cyclic wet-dry immersion corrosion test of 5052 aluminum alloy( AA5052) self-piercing rivet specimen was carried out with0. 02 mol·L~(-1) Na HSO3 solution as acid corrosion condition. The effect of acid corrosion environment on static properties of AA5052 selfpiercing riveted joints was studied by weight loss method,static test and electron microscopy( SEM),and the mechanism of joint failure was analyzed from the macroscopic and microscopic aspects. The corrosion test results show that with the prolongation of the corrosion cycle,the corrosion products increase continuously,the weight loss of the test piece increases,the corrosion rate decreases,the pits and protrusions appear on the surface of the test piece,the number of the pits and protrusions and the degree increase continuously. In the static test,the joint failure mode does not change significantly,the static strength decreases,and the energy absorption value increases first and then decreases. The SEM test analysis shows that the corrosion products in the contact area of the plates increase,and the microstructure at fracture part of the upper plate shows characteristic of parabolic dimples. The failure path is extended from the center of the joint to both sides. Due to the presence of corrosion products,the rivet hole area of the lower plate is seriously damaged.
引文
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[14]钟群鹏,赵子华.断口学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.ZHONG Qunpeng,ZHAO Zihua.Fracture[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[2]刘洋,何晓聪,邢保英,等.基于灰色理论和神经网络的自冲铆接头力学性能预测[J].塑性工程学报,2017,24(4):71-76.LIU Yang,HE Xiaocong,XING Baoying,et al.Prediction of mechanical properties of self-piercing riveted joints based on grey theory and neural network[J].Journal of Plastic Engineering,2017,24(4):71-76.
[3]邢保英,何晓聪,王玉奇,等.铝合金自冲铆接头静力学性能及失效机理分析[J].焊接学报,2015,36(9):47-50.XING Baoying,HE Xiaocong,WANG Yuqi,et al.Static performance and failure mechanism of self-piercing riveted joints of aluminum alloy[J].Transactions of the China Welding Society,2015,36(9):47-50.
[4]GONZLEZ J A,MORCILLO M,ESCUDERO E,et al.Atmospheric corrosion of bare and anodized aluminium in a wide range of environmental conditions.Part I:Visual observations and gravimetric results[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2002,153(2):225-234.
[5]CAI J,LIU M,LUO Z,et al.Study on accelerated tests for aluminum alloy atmospheric corrosion[J].Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion&Protection,2005,25(5):262-266.
[6]周和荣,李晓刚,董超芳,等.铝合金在Na HSO3溶液中干湿周浸腐蚀行为[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2008,28(6):345-350.ZHOU Herong,LI Xiaogang,DONG Chaofang,et al.Dry and wet etching behavior of aluminum alloy in Na HSO3solution[J].Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection,2008,28(6):345-350.
[7]王振尧,马腾,韩薇,等.LC4铝合金在模拟污染大气环境中的腐蚀行为[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2005,25(6):321-326.WANG Zhenyao,MA Teng,HAN Wei,et al.Corrosion behavior of LC4 aluminum alloy in simulated polluted atmosphere[J].Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection,2005,25(6):321-326.
[8]丁文有,何晓聪,邢保英,等.AA5052铝合金自冲铆接头在周浸环境下的腐蚀行为及失效形式[J].热加工工艺,2018,47(6):1-4.DING Wenyou,HE Xiaocong,XING Baoying,et al.Corrosion behavior and failure mode of AA5052 aluminum alloy self-piercing riveting joint in weekly leaching environment[J].Hot Working Technology,2018,47(6):1-4.
[9]CALABRESE L,BONACCORSI L,PROVERBIO E,et al.Durability on alternate immersion test of self-piercing riveting aluminium joint[J].Materials&Design,2013,(46):849-856.
[10]GB/T 19746-2005,金属和合金的腐蚀盐溶液周浸试验[S].GB/T 19746-2005,Weekly immersion test of corrosive salt solution of metals and alloys[S].
[11]GB/T 228.1-2010,金属材料.拉伸试验.第1部分:室温试验方法[S].GB/T 228.1-2010,Metallic materials.Tensile testing.Part1:Method of test at room temperature[S].
[12]林鑫,杜敏,李成杰,等.DH36钢焊接件海水腐蚀行为研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2013,43(3):70-74.LIN Xin,DU Min,LI Chengjie,et al.Study on seawater corrosion behavior of dh36 steel welded parts[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China(Natural Science Edition),2013,43(3):70-74.
[13]张先炼,何晓聪,程强,等.1420铝锂合金自冲铆异质组合接头静力学性能研究[J].材料导报,2015,29(24):76-79.ZHANG Xianlian,HE Xiaocong,CHENG Qiang,et al.Investigation on the static strength of self-piercing riveted joints in dissimilar sheets about 1420 aluminum-lithium alloy[J].Materials Review,2015,29(24):76-79.
[14]钟群鹏,赵子华.断口学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.ZHONG Qunpeng,ZHAO Zihua.Fracture[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.