小半径热煨弯管加工工艺与截面畸变的相关性
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摘要
为了研究小半径无模热煨弯管截面畸变的影响因素,掌握工艺参数对截面尺寸的影响规律,优化和控制小半径弯管截面的几何形变尺寸,减小畸变,通过研究管径610 mm、壁厚11 mm的L415M小半径3D弯管加工工艺参数(加热温度、推进速度、弯曲半径)与截面畸变参数(壁厚减薄率、壁厚增厚率、椭圆度)之间的关系,揭示了两者的相关性。结果表明:弯管的弯曲半径对截面畸变影响显著,弯曲半径越小截面畸变越严重;随着推进速度的加快,弯管壁厚减薄率减小、增厚率增加,椭圆度减小;随着弯管加热温度的升高,弯管壁厚减薄率增加、增厚率减小,椭圆度增加。研究成果可为小半径热煨弯管的设计加工提供技术参考。
In order to investigate the factors influencing the cross-sectional distortion of small-radius dieless hot-bending bend and grasp the influential laws of technological parameters on the size of the cross section, so as to optimize and control the geometric deformation of the cross-section of small-radius pipe bend and reduce the distortion, the relationships between the processing technological parameters(heating temperature, advance speed and bending radius) and the cross-sectional distortion parameters(wall thinning ratio, wall thickening ratio and ovality) of L415 M small-radius(3D) pipe bend( pipe diameter is 610 mm, wall thickness is 11 mm) were analyzed to reveal their correlation. It is showed that the bending radius of pipe bend has the remarkable effect on the cross-sectional distortion, and the shorter the bending radius is, the more serious the cross-sectional distortion is. As the advance speed increases, the wall thinning ratio and ovality of the pipe bend decrease,and the wall thickening ratio increases. And with the increase of the heating temperature of pipe bend, the wall thinning ratio and ovality of the pipe bend increase, and the wall thickening ratio decreases. The research results can provide technical reference for the design and processing of small-radius hot-bending bend.
In order to investigate the factors influencing the cross-sectional distortion of small-radius dieless hot-bending bend and grasp the influential laws of technological parameters on the size of the cross section, so as to optimize and control the geometric deformation of the cross-section of small-radius pipe bend and reduce the distortion, the relationships between the processing technological parameters(heating temperature, advance speed and bending radius) and the cross-sectional distortion parameters(wall thinning ratio, wall thickening ratio and ovality) of L415 M small-radius(3D) pipe bend( pipe diameter is 610 mm, wall thickness is 11 mm) were analyzed to reveal their correlation. It is showed that the bending radius of pipe bend has the remarkable effect on the cross-sectional distortion, and the shorter the bending radius is, the more serious the cross-sectional distortion is. As the advance speed increases, the wall thinning ratio and ovality of the pipe bend decrease,and the wall thickening ratio increases. And with the increase of the heating temperature of pipe bend, the wall thinning ratio and ovality of the pipe bend increase, and the wall thickening ratio decreases. The research results can provide technical reference for the design and processing of small-radius hot-bending bend.
引文
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[16]刘郁丽,杨合,崔姗姗,等.薄壁矩形管弯曲过程截面畸变的三维有限元分析[J].塑性工程学报,2007,14(3):72-75.LIU Y L,YANG H,CUI S S,et al.3-D FEM analysis of section distortion in bending process of the thin-walled rectangular tube[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2007,14(3):72-75.
[17]PAULSEN F,WELO T.Cross-sectional deformations of rectangular hollow sections in bending:Part I-experiments[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2001,43(1):109-129.
[18]张正龙.螺旋埋弧焊管焊缝两侧圆度的分析[J].焊管,2004,27(1):36-37.ZHANG Z L.Roundness analysis in both sides of weld seam in spirally submerged arc welded pipe[J].Welded Pipe and Tube,2004,27(1):36-37.
[19]闫光宁.双金属复合管现场焊接施工的质量控制分析[J].石油工程建设,2018,44(4):80-83.YAN G N.Quality control analysis of field welding of bimetal composite pipes[J].Petroleum Engineering Construction,2018,44(4):80-83.
[2]李艳华,杨俊伟,王炜.热煨弯管在大口径管道中的应用[J].油气储运,2002,21(7):49-51.LI Y H,YANG J W,WANG W.The application of hot-bending bend in large diameter pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2002,21(7):49-51.
[3]顾煜炯,姚健.小半径弯管在我国电力管件中的重要地位[J].金属成型工艺,1994(6):291-293.GU Y J,YAO J.The important position of small-radius pipe-bender in power pipework in China[J].Metal Forming Technology,1994(6):291-293.
[4]鄂大辛,宁汝新,胡新平,等.管材弯曲中壁厚变化引起横截面畸变的试验研究[J].航空制造技术,2005(12):60-63.E D X,NING R X,HU X P,et al.Experimental study of the change of wall thickness causing the distortion of cross-section in process of tube bending[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2005(12):60-63.
[5]TANG N C.Plastic-deformation analysis in tube bending[J].International Journal of Pressure Vessels&Piping,2000,77(12):751-759.
[6]鄂大辛,宁汝新,古涛.弯管横截面畸变的试验与分析[J].兵工学报,2006,27(4):698-701.E D X,NING R X,GU T.Experiment and analysis on the distortion of cross-section of bended-tube[J].Acta Armamentarii,2006,27(4):698-701.
[7]顾煜炯,姚健,周兆英,等.感应加热小半径金属弯管成型的机理研究[J].金属学报,1994,30(24):543-548.GU Y J,YAO J,ZHOU Z Y,et al.Formation mechanism of metal pipe-bend with small bending radius under induction heating[J].Acta Metallrugica Sinica,1994,30(24):543-548.
[8]胡忠,夏福清.中频感应局部加热弯管的回弹理论分析和试验研究[J].固体力学学报,1998,19(4):329-335.HU Z,XIA F Q.Theoretical analysis and experimental study of springback of pipe bending using induction heating[J].Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica,1998,19(4):329-335.
[9]JI L K,ZHENG M,CHEN H Y,et al.Apparent strain of a pipe at plastic bending buckling state[J].Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences&Engineering,2015,37(6):1811-1818.
[10]GUO X,JIN K,WANG H,et al.Numerical simulations and experiments on fabricating pipe bends by push bending with local induction-heating process[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,84(9):2689-2695.
[11]MICHAEL T C,VEERAPPAN A,SHANMUGAM S.Effect of ovality and variable wall thickness on collapse loads in pipe bends subjected to in-plane bending closing moment[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2012,79:138-148.
[12]ZARRABI K,KWOK F K.Reference stresses for cold-tubebends including thickness variation and ovality using threedimensional finite element method[C].Prague:ASME 2009Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference,2009:169-174.
[13]TAN F X,LI M Z,CAI Z Y.Research on the process of multi-point forming for the customized titanium alloy cranial prosthesis[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,187(4):453-457.
[14]刘启骞,付文智,李明哲,等.管材多点成形过程中壁厚减薄的数值模拟[J].塑性工程学报,2011,18(2):13-17.LIU Q Q,FU W Z,LI M Z,et al.Numerical simulation of wall thinning in the process of multi-point forming for tube[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2011,18(2):13-17.
[15]彭赫力,李明哲,付文智,等.矩形管多点弯曲成形截面畸变的影响因素研究[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(5):29-32.PENG H L,LI M Z,FU W Z,et al.Factors influence on section distortion of multi-point bend forming in rectangular tube[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,40(5):29-32.
[16]刘郁丽,杨合,崔姗姗,等.薄壁矩形管弯曲过程截面畸变的三维有限元分析[J].塑性工程学报,2007,14(3):72-75.LIU Y L,YANG H,CUI S S,et al.3-D FEM analysis of section distortion in bending process of the thin-walled rectangular tube[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2007,14(3):72-75.
[17]PAULSEN F,WELO T.Cross-sectional deformations of rectangular hollow sections in bending:Part I-experiments[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2001,43(1):109-129.
[18]张正龙.螺旋埋弧焊管焊缝两侧圆度的分析[J].焊管,2004,27(1):36-37.ZHANG Z L.Roundness analysis in both sides of weld seam in spirally submerged arc welded pipe[J].Welded Pipe and Tube,2004,27(1):36-37.
[19]闫光宁.双金属复合管现场焊接施工的质量控制分析[J].石油工程建设,2018,44(4):80-83.YAN G N.Quality control analysis of field welding of bimetal composite pipes[J].Petroleum Engineering Construction,2018,44(4):80-83.