外源水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导巨峰葡萄抗根瘤蚜
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摘要
【目的】水杨酸和茉莉酸在植物诱导防御虫害反应中发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导葡萄对根瘤蚜的抗性。【方法】以盆栽巨峰为试材,在接种葡萄根瘤蚜Daktulosphaira vitifoliae的同时喷施水杨酸和茉莉酸,测定和评估了对根瘤蚜生长发育及产卵量的影响,以及对葡萄根系抗氧化相关酶[过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、新梢生长量及光合速率的影响。【结果】水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导处理显著降低了根瘤蚜卵量及下代1,2龄若蚜总数,接种35 d后根瘤蚜的产卵量分别减少了41.35%和50.00%,1龄和2龄若蚜总数分别减少了42.31%和50.00%;根瘤蚜侵染后根系中POD和CAT活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势,且水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导处理在各测定时期均高于仅接种根瘤蚜处理;水杨酸和茉莉酸处理的根系中MDA含量在各测定时期均低于仅接种根瘤蚜处理;水杨酸和茉莉酸处理降低了根瘤蚜侵染对植株地上部生长及光合的抑制。接种处理后第30天,仅接种根瘤蚜处理的植株地上部生长量减少了48.11%,光合速率降低了58.77%,而水杨酸和茉莉酸处理后的新梢生长量分别减少了31.57%和25.71%,光合速率分别降低了32.89%和24.67%。【结论】叶片喷洒茉莉酸和水杨酸能够降低根瘤蚜种群密度,并提高葡萄根系活性氧清除能力和防御酶活性,缓解树势衰退。
【Aim】Salicylic and jasmonic acids play important roles in inducing resistance to insects. This study aims to explore the induced resistance to phylloxera by salicylic and jasmonic acids in Kyoho grapevine. 【Methods】Potted Kyoho grapevines were inoculated with grape phylloxera( Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) and sprayed with salicylic and jasmonic acids at the same time. Thereafter,the impacts of the above two hormones were detected and evaluated in the phylloxera-inoculated grapevines,including the development and fecundity of phylloxera,the activities of antioxidant enzymes [peroxidase( POD) and catalase( CAT) ],the content of malondialdehyde( MDA) in grape roots,shoot growth and the net photosynthetic rate. 【Results】On the salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated grapevines,the total number of eggs per plant decreased by 41. 35% and 50. 00%,respectively,and the number of the 1st and 2nd instar nymphs of the next generation decreased by 42. 31% and 50. 00%,respectively,at 35 d after inoculation. After phylloxera infection,POD and CAT activities in grape roots increased first and then decreased,and were higher in salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated roots. The MDA content,however,was lower in salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated roots. Salicylic and jamonic acid treatment alleviated the growth depression caused by phylloxera. The growth of grape shoot and the net photosynthetic rate were remarkably decreased by 48. 11% and 58. 77%,respectively,at 30 d after inoculation. By contrast,the growth of salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated grape shoots decreased by 31. 57% and 25. 71%,respectively,and the net photosynthetic rate decreased by 32. 89% and 24. 67%, respectively.【Conclusion】Salicylic or jasmonic acid treatment can decrease the phylloxera population density,improve scavenging capacity of active oxygen and activities of defense enzymes,and alleviate the growth depression caused by phylloxera.
【Aim】Salicylic and jasmonic acids play important roles in inducing resistance to insects. This study aims to explore the induced resistance to phylloxera by salicylic and jasmonic acids in Kyoho grapevine. 【Methods】Potted Kyoho grapevines were inoculated with grape phylloxera( Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) and sprayed with salicylic and jasmonic acids at the same time. Thereafter,the impacts of the above two hormones were detected and evaluated in the phylloxera-inoculated grapevines,including the development and fecundity of phylloxera,the activities of antioxidant enzymes [peroxidase( POD) and catalase( CAT) ],the content of malondialdehyde( MDA) in grape roots,shoot growth and the net photosynthetic rate. 【Results】On the salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated grapevines,the total number of eggs per plant decreased by 41. 35% and 50. 00%,respectively,and the number of the 1st and 2nd instar nymphs of the next generation decreased by 42. 31% and 50. 00%,respectively,at 35 d after inoculation. After phylloxera infection,POD and CAT activities in grape roots increased first and then decreased,and were higher in salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated roots. The MDA content,however,was lower in salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated roots. Salicylic and jamonic acid treatment alleviated the growth depression caused by phylloxera. The growth of grape shoot and the net photosynthetic rate were remarkably decreased by 48. 11% and 58. 77%,respectively,at 30 d after inoculation. By contrast,the growth of salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated grape shoots decreased by 31. 57% and 25. 71%,respectively,and the net photosynthetic rate decreased by 32. 89% and 24. 67%, respectively.【Conclusion】Salicylic or jasmonic acid treatment can decrease the phylloxera population density,improve scavenging capacity of active oxygen and activities of defense enzymes,and alleviate the growth depression caused by phylloxera.
引文
Benheim D,Rochfort S,Robertson E,Potter ID,Powell KS,2012.Grape phylloxera(Daktulosphaira vitifoliae)-a review of potentialdetection and alternative management options.Ann.Appl.Biol.,161:91-115.
Bezemer TM,van Dam NM,2005.Linking aboveground andbelowground interactions via induced plant defenses.Trends inEcology and Evolution,20(11):617-624.
Branch C,Hwang CF,Navarre DA,Williamson VM,2004.Salicylicacid is part of the Mi-1-mediated defense response to root-knotnematode in tomato.Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,17:351-356.
Cipollini Jr DF,Redman AM,1999.Age-dependent effects of jasmonicacid treatment and wind exposure on foliar oxidase activity and insectresistance in tomato.Journal of Chemical Ecology,25:271-281.
Cooper WR,Jia L,Goggin L,2005.Effects of jasmonate-induceddefenses on root-knot nematode infection of resistant and susceptibletomato cultivars.Journal of Chemical Ecology,31(9):1953-1967.
Du YP,Wang ZS,Sun QH,Zhai H,Wang ZY,2008.Evaluation ongrape phylloxera resistance in several grape varieties and rootstocks.Acta Entomologica Sinica,51(1):33-39.[杜远鹏,王兆顺,孙庆华,翟衡,王忠跃,2008.部分葡萄品种和砧木抗葡萄根瘤蚜性能鉴定.昆虫学报,51(1):33-39]
Erb M,Ton J,Degenhardt J,Turlings TCJ,2008.Interactions betweenarthropod-induced aboveground and belowground defenses in plants.Plant Physiology,146:867-874.
Feng YJ,Wang JW,Luo SM,2009.Timing and concentration effects onthe defense response of Zea mays seedlings after application ofjasmonic acid to leaves.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,33(4):812-823.[冯远娇,王建武,骆世明,2009.叶片涂施茉莉酸对玉米幼苗防御反应的时间和浓度效应.植物生态学报,33(4):812-823.
Gong YY,Duan LQ,Wang AQ,2010a.Induced effects of jasmonic acidon the contents of biochemical substances and enzyme activity inwolfberry leaves.Plant Protection,36(2):61-65.[宫玉艳,段立清,王爱清,2010a.茉莉酸诱导对枸杞叶生化物质及酶活性的影响.植物保护,36(2):61-65]
Gong YY,Duan LQ,Wang AQ,Cui RJ,Qian YS,2010b.Effects ofexogenous jasmonic acid induced resistance of wolfberry on thedevelopment and fecundity of the wolfberry aphid Aphis sp.ActaEntomologica Sinica,53(6):670-674.[宫玉艳,段立清,王爱清,崔瑞娟,钱远松,2010b.外源茉莉酸诱导枸杞对枸杞蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响.昆虫学报,53(6):670-674]
Granett J,Goheen AC,Lider LA,White JJ,1987.Evaluation of graperootstocks for resistance to type A and type B grape phylloxera.Am.J.Enol.Vitic.,38:298-330.
Inbar M,Doostdar H,Gerling D,Mayer RT,2001.Induction ofsystemic acquired resistance in cotton by BTH has a negligible effecton phytophagous insects.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,99:65-70.
Kunkel BN,Brooks DM,2002.Cross talk between signaling pathways inpathogen defense.Current Opinion in Plant Biology,5:325-331.
Li L,Zhao Y,McCaig BC,Wingerd BA,Wang J,Whalon ME,Pichersky E,Howe GA,2004.The tomato homolog of coronatineinsensitive1 is required for maternal control of seed maturation,jasmonate-signaled defense responses,and glandular trichomedevelopment.Plant Cell,16:126-143.
Liechti R,Farmer EE,2002.The jasmonate pathway.Science,296:1649-1650.
Lu YB,Liu SS,2004.Effects of plant responses induced by exogenousjasmonic acid on host-selection behavior of Cotesia plutellae(Hymenopters:Braconidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,47(2):206-212.[吕要斌,刘树生,2004.外源茉莉酸诱导植物反应对菜蛾绒茧蜂寄生选择行为的影响.昆虫学报,47(2):206-212]
Mao H,Yang YH,Guo CX,Zhang QW,Liu XX,2012.Changes indefensive enzyme activity and defensive enzyme gene expression incotton leaves after feeding by Apolygus lucorum.Chinese Journal ofApplied Entomology,49(3):652-659.[毛红,杨宇晖,郭晨茜,张青文,刘小侠,2012.绿盲蝽取食诱导后棉花叶片内防御酶活力与基因表达量的变化.应用昆虫学报,49(3):652-659]
Miao J,Li GP,Han BY,2007.Recent developments in effect andmechanism of salicylic acid and methyl salicylate on plant resistanceto pests.Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,28(1):111-114.[苗进,李国平,韩宝瑜,2007.水杨酸和水杨酸甲酯在植物抗虫中的作用及机制研究进展.热带作物学报,28(1):111-114]
Nombela G,Willianson VM,Muiz M,2003.The root-knot nematoderesistance gene Mi-1.2 of tomato is responsible for resistance againstthe whitefly Bemisia tabaci.Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,16:645-649.
Reymond P,Weber H,Damond M,Farmer EE,2000.Differential geneexpression in response to mechanical wounding and insect feeding inArabidopsis.Plant Cell,12:707-720.
Sabelis MW,Janssen A,Kant MR,2001.Enhanced:the enemy of myenemy is my ally.Science,291:2104-2113.
Seskar M,Shulaev V,Raskin I,1998.Endogenous methyl salicylate inpathogen-inoculated tobacco plants.Plant Physiology,116(1):378-392.
Stratmann JW,2003.Long distance run in the wound response-jasmonicacid is pulling ahead.Trends in Plant Science,8(6):247-250.
Takahashi T,Kanayama Y,Zheng MS,Kusano T,Hase S,Ikegami M,Shah J,2004.Antagonistic interactions between the SA and JAsignaling pathways in Arabidopsis modulate expression of defensegenes for gene resistance to cucumber mosaic virus.Plant CellPhysiol.,45(6):803-809.
van Dam NM,Witjes L,SvatoA,2004.Interactions betweenaboveground and belowground induction of glucosinolates in two wildBrassica species.New Phytologist,161:801-810.
Yan HH,Zhao ZQ,Wang Y,Guo SQ,Xia SC,Chi SQ,2006.Changeof defense enzymatic activities after treatment with different salicylicacid in peanut.Journal of Peanut Science,35(4):20-22.[鄢洪海,赵志强,王琰,国姝琼,夏淑春,迟胜起,2006.水杨酸处理对花生主要防御酶活性的影响.花生学报,35(4):20-22]
Yan SC,Xu W,Yuan HE,Wang Q,Lu D,2007.Effects of differentelicitors on olfactory response and oviposition selection ofDendrolimus superans(Butler).Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,18(7):1583-1588.[严善春,徐伟,袁红娥,王琪,卢丹,2007.不同诱导因子对落叶松毛虫嗅觉和产卵选择的影响.应用生态学报,18(7):1583-1588]
Yin J,Chen JL,Cao YZ,Zhang H,Zhang DD,Zhang BM,2005.Apreliminary study on the resistance of wheat to insect pests anddiseases,induced by jasmonic acid.Plant Protection,31(4):35-37.[尹姣,陈巨莲,曹雅忠,张华,张东东,张宝民,2005.茉莉酸诱导小麦抗病虫性初步研究.植物保护,31(4):35-37]
Zhao L,Hu ZH,Zhao FJ,Zhang KW,Chen XY,Shen YB,2005.Influences of induced resistance in Populus deltoides,treated withmethyl salicylic acid,on the growth and development of Closteraanachoreta.Journal of Beijing Forestry University,27(1):75-78.[赵玲,胡增辉,赵风君,张可文,陈学英,沈应柏,2005.水杨酸甲酯诱抗黑杨对杨扇舟蛾生长发育的影响.北京林业大学学报,27(1):75-78]
Zhao SJ,Shi GA,Dong XC,2002.The Guidance of Plant PhysiologyExperiments.China Agricultural Scientech Press,Beijing.[赵世杰,史国安,董新纯,2002.植物生理学实验指导.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社]
Zhu SK,Salzman RA,Ahn JE,Koiwa H,2004.Transcriptionalregulation of sorghum defense determinants against a phloem-feedingaphid.Plant Physiology,134:420-431.
Bezemer TM,van Dam NM,2005.Linking aboveground andbelowground interactions via induced plant defenses.Trends inEcology and Evolution,20(11):617-624.
Branch C,Hwang CF,Navarre DA,Williamson VM,2004.Salicylicacid is part of the Mi-1-mediated defense response to root-knotnematode in tomato.Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,17:351-356.
Cipollini Jr DF,Redman AM,1999.Age-dependent effects of jasmonicacid treatment and wind exposure on foliar oxidase activity and insectresistance in tomato.Journal of Chemical Ecology,25:271-281.
Cooper WR,Jia L,Goggin L,2005.Effects of jasmonate-induceddefenses on root-knot nematode infection of resistant and susceptibletomato cultivars.Journal of Chemical Ecology,31(9):1953-1967.
Du YP,Wang ZS,Sun QH,Zhai H,Wang ZY,2008.Evaluation ongrape phylloxera resistance in several grape varieties and rootstocks.Acta Entomologica Sinica,51(1):33-39.[杜远鹏,王兆顺,孙庆华,翟衡,王忠跃,2008.部分葡萄品种和砧木抗葡萄根瘤蚜性能鉴定.昆虫学报,51(1):33-39]
Erb M,Ton J,Degenhardt J,Turlings TCJ,2008.Interactions betweenarthropod-induced aboveground and belowground defenses in plants.Plant Physiology,146:867-874.
Feng YJ,Wang JW,Luo SM,2009.Timing and concentration effects onthe defense response of Zea mays seedlings after application ofjasmonic acid to leaves.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,33(4):812-823.[冯远娇,王建武,骆世明,2009.叶片涂施茉莉酸对玉米幼苗防御反应的时间和浓度效应.植物生态学报,33(4):812-823.
Gong YY,Duan LQ,Wang AQ,2010a.Induced effects of jasmonic acidon the contents of biochemical substances and enzyme activity inwolfberry leaves.Plant Protection,36(2):61-65.[宫玉艳,段立清,王爱清,2010a.茉莉酸诱导对枸杞叶生化物质及酶活性的影响.植物保护,36(2):61-65]
Gong YY,Duan LQ,Wang AQ,Cui RJ,Qian YS,2010b.Effects ofexogenous jasmonic acid induced resistance of wolfberry on thedevelopment and fecundity of the wolfberry aphid Aphis sp.ActaEntomologica Sinica,53(6):670-674.[宫玉艳,段立清,王爱清,崔瑞娟,钱远松,2010b.外源茉莉酸诱导枸杞对枸杞蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响.昆虫学报,53(6):670-674]
Granett J,Goheen AC,Lider LA,White JJ,1987.Evaluation of graperootstocks for resistance to type A and type B grape phylloxera.Am.J.Enol.Vitic.,38:298-330.
Inbar M,Doostdar H,Gerling D,Mayer RT,2001.Induction ofsystemic acquired resistance in cotton by BTH has a negligible effecton phytophagous insects.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,99:65-70.
Kunkel BN,Brooks DM,2002.Cross talk between signaling pathways inpathogen defense.Current Opinion in Plant Biology,5:325-331.
Li L,Zhao Y,McCaig BC,Wingerd BA,Wang J,Whalon ME,Pichersky E,Howe GA,2004.The tomato homolog of coronatineinsensitive1 is required for maternal control of seed maturation,jasmonate-signaled defense responses,and glandular trichomedevelopment.Plant Cell,16:126-143.
Liechti R,Farmer EE,2002.The jasmonate pathway.Science,296:1649-1650.
Lu YB,Liu SS,2004.Effects of plant responses induced by exogenousjasmonic acid on host-selection behavior of Cotesia plutellae(Hymenopters:Braconidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,47(2):206-212.[吕要斌,刘树生,2004.外源茉莉酸诱导植物反应对菜蛾绒茧蜂寄生选择行为的影响.昆虫学报,47(2):206-212]
Mao H,Yang YH,Guo CX,Zhang QW,Liu XX,2012.Changes indefensive enzyme activity and defensive enzyme gene expression incotton leaves after feeding by Apolygus lucorum.Chinese Journal ofApplied Entomology,49(3):652-659.[毛红,杨宇晖,郭晨茜,张青文,刘小侠,2012.绿盲蝽取食诱导后棉花叶片内防御酶活力与基因表达量的变化.应用昆虫学报,49(3):652-659]
Miao J,Li GP,Han BY,2007.Recent developments in effect andmechanism of salicylic acid and methyl salicylate on plant resistanceto pests.Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,28(1):111-114.[苗进,李国平,韩宝瑜,2007.水杨酸和水杨酸甲酯在植物抗虫中的作用及机制研究进展.热带作物学报,28(1):111-114]
Nombela G,Willianson VM,Muiz M,2003.The root-knot nematoderesistance gene Mi-1.2 of tomato is responsible for resistance againstthe whitefly Bemisia tabaci.Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,16:645-649.
Reymond P,Weber H,Damond M,Farmer EE,2000.Differential geneexpression in response to mechanical wounding and insect feeding inArabidopsis.Plant Cell,12:707-720.
Sabelis MW,Janssen A,Kant MR,2001.Enhanced:the enemy of myenemy is my ally.Science,291:2104-2113.
Seskar M,Shulaev V,Raskin I,1998.Endogenous methyl salicylate inpathogen-inoculated tobacco plants.Plant Physiology,116(1):378-392.
Stratmann JW,2003.Long distance run in the wound response-jasmonicacid is pulling ahead.Trends in Plant Science,8(6):247-250.
Takahashi T,Kanayama Y,Zheng MS,Kusano T,Hase S,Ikegami M,Shah J,2004.Antagonistic interactions between the SA and JAsignaling pathways in Arabidopsis modulate expression of defensegenes for gene resistance to cucumber mosaic virus.Plant CellPhysiol.,45(6):803-809.
van Dam NM,Witjes L,SvatoA,2004.Interactions betweenaboveground and belowground induction of glucosinolates in two wildBrassica species.New Phytologist,161:801-810.
Yan HH,Zhao ZQ,Wang Y,Guo SQ,Xia SC,Chi SQ,2006.Changeof defense enzymatic activities after treatment with different salicylicacid in peanut.Journal of Peanut Science,35(4):20-22.[鄢洪海,赵志强,王琰,国姝琼,夏淑春,迟胜起,2006.水杨酸处理对花生主要防御酶活性的影响.花生学报,35(4):20-22]
Yan SC,Xu W,Yuan HE,Wang Q,Lu D,2007.Effects of differentelicitors on olfactory response and oviposition selection ofDendrolimus superans(Butler).Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,18(7):1583-1588.[严善春,徐伟,袁红娥,王琪,卢丹,2007.不同诱导因子对落叶松毛虫嗅觉和产卵选择的影响.应用生态学报,18(7):1583-1588]
Yin J,Chen JL,Cao YZ,Zhang H,Zhang DD,Zhang BM,2005.Apreliminary study on the resistance of wheat to insect pests anddiseases,induced by jasmonic acid.Plant Protection,31(4):35-37.[尹姣,陈巨莲,曹雅忠,张华,张东东,张宝民,2005.茉莉酸诱导小麦抗病虫性初步研究.植物保护,31(4):35-37]
Zhao L,Hu ZH,Zhao FJ,Zhang KW,Chen XY,Shen YB,2005.Influences of induced resistance in Populus deltoides,treated withmethyl salicylic acid,on the growth and development of Closteraanachoreta.Journal of Beijing Forestry University,27(1):75-78.[赵玲,胡增辉,赵风君,张可文,陈学英,沈应柏,2005.水杨酸甲酯诱抗黑杨对杨扇舟蛾生长发育的影响.北京林业大学学报,27(1):75-78]
Zhao SJ,Shi GA,Dong XC,2002.The Guidance of Plant PhysiologyExperiments.China Agricultural Scientech Press,Beijing.[赵世杰,史国安,董新纯,2002.植物生理学实验指导.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社]
Zhu SK,Salzman RA,Ahn JE,Koiwa H,2004.Transcriptionalregulation of sorghum defense determinants against a phloem-feedingaphid.Plant Physiology,134:420-431.