五轴机床在粽角榫加工中的运用研究
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摘要
中式家具的数控加工已经成为家具产业升级和发展的必然趋势,其中重要一环就是解决中式传统家具中榫卯结构的数字化生产。笔者以CB型双摆头五轴木工机床为例,提出并验证了五轴机床加工粽角榫的后置补偿通用算法。通过齐次坐标变换矩阵和正向运动学分析得到CB型双摆头五轴机床结构的形状创成函数,再通过逆向运动学得到CB型五轴数控机床偏置补偿的通用公式;通过UG软件创建的标准加工路径文件,结合补偿公式,得到了可被机床正确加工的NC代码;最后利用Vericut仿真软件和实际加工验证了该后处理偏置公式的正确性。本研究求得的函数可以实现软件生成的标准NC代码和实际带有安装误差的五轴机床NC代码数据之间的相互转换,有助于五轴机床在榫卯加工中的推广和普及。
The application of NC machining technology in the manufacturing of traditional Chinese style furniture is the inevitable trend of upgrading and development of furniture industry. One of the important step is to realize the digital manufacturing of mortise and tenon joint,which is the typical representative of traditional furniture structures. In the case of the CB type two-swing five-axis CNC machine,this article put forward and verified the general algorithm of five-axis CNC machine in machining three-way mitered joint. Firstly,the form-shaping function matrix was derived on the basis of the homogeneous coordinate transformationandforwardkinematics,andthegeneralalgorithmoffive-axisCNCmachineinCBtypetwoswing five-axis CNC machine was put forward through inverse kinematics. Secondly,based on the UG software,the path file of standard three-way mitered joint machining was created. At last,the validity of the post-processing offset formula was verified by using Vericut software and actual machining. The function derived from the research can realize the inter-conversion between normal NC-codes and NC-codes with fix-errors,which can improve the generality and portability of NC-codes. This method can be conducive to popularize the application of five-axis CNC machine in the mortise and tenon joints machining process.
The application of NC machining technology in the manufacturing of traditional Chinese style furniture is the inevitable trend of upgrading and development of furniture industry. One of the important step is to realize the digital manufacturing of mortise and tenon joint,which is the typical representative of traditional furniture structures. In the case of the CB type two-swing five-axis CNC machine,this article put forward and verified the general algorithm of five-axis CNC machine in machining three-way mitered joint. Firstly,the form-shaping function matrix was derived on the basis of the homogeneous coordinate transformationandforwardkinematics,andthegeneralalgorithmoffive-axisCNCmachineinCBtypetwoswing five-axis CNC machine was put forward through inverse kinematics. Secondly,based on the UG software,the path file of standard three-way mitered joint machining was created. At last,the validity of the post-processing offset formula was verified by using Vericut software and actual machining. The function derived from the research can realize the inter-conversion between normal NC-codes and NC-codes with fix-errors,which can improve the generality and portability of NC-codes. This method can be conducive to popularize the application of five-axis CNC machine in the mortise and tenon joints machining process.
引文
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[6]LEE R S,SHE C.Developing a postprocessor for three types of five-axis machine tools[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,1997,13(9):658-665.
[7]SHAO M K,WANG Z,ZHI J Z,et al.Research on post processing of 5-axis linkage machines[J].ICFMT,Applied Mechanics and Materials,2011,141:438-441.
[8]郑飂默.基于通用运动模型的五轴机床后置处理[J].计算机集成制造系统,2010,16(5):1006-1011.
[9]李庄.五轴机床运动学通用建模理论研究及应用[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.
[10]SAKAMOTOS,INASAKI I.Analysis of generating motion for five axis machining centers[J].Transact ions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,1993,C59(561):1553-1559.
[11]CHENG H Y,SHE C H.Studies on the combination of the forward and reverse postprocessor for multi-axis machine tools[C].Proceeding of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B,2000,32(5).
[2]薛坤.榫卯结构现代化转化的探索[J].家具,2009,30(6):60-63.
[3]严婕.数控加工机床与加工中心在家具制造业中的应用[J].林业机械与木工设备,2014,24(6):56-57.
[4]朱剑刚.实木五轴电脑数控加工中心技术及应用[J].木材工业,2006,20(1):21-24.
[5]马岩.我国家具加工机械数控技术的开发方向与应用前景[J].林业机械与木工设备,2008,36(1):4-12.
[6]LEE R S,SHE C.Developing a postprocessor for three types of five-axis machine tools[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,1997,13(9):658-665.
[7]SHAO M K,WANG Z,ZHI J Z,et al.Research on post processing of 5-axis linkage machines[J].ICFMT,Applied Mechanics and Materials,2011,141:438-441.
[8]郑飂默.基于通用运动模型的五轴机床后置处理[J].计算机集成制造系统,2010,16(5):1006-1011.
[9]李庄.五轴机床运动学通用建模理论研究及应用[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.
[10]SAKAMOTOS,INASAKI I.Analysis of generating motion for five axis machining centers[J].Transact ions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,1993,C59(561):1553-1559.
[11]CHENG H Y,SHE C H.Studies on the combination of the forward and reverse postprocessor for multi-axis machine tools[C].Proceeding of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B,2000,32(5).