论中西医的整体观念
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摘要
整体观念是中医的一大特色与优势,但整体观念并非中医所独有,西医亦存在一定的整体观念。通过分析两种整体观念的内涵及来源发现,两种整体观念存在本源上的差异,形成差异的原因与其各自代表的哲学方法论相关。中医的整体观念较西医更为全面,但也有一定不足,两种整体观念有互相融合的哲学辩证法基础和发展趋势,从发展眼光而论,整体观念的形式最终会形成以中医整体观念为主导、西医整体观为补充、横向整体包罗万象、纵向整体层次分明的整体观念,推动人们对医学整体性的认知。
Holism is a major feature and advantage of TCM, but holism is not unique to TCM. Western medicine also has a certain holism. By analyzing the connotation and origin of the two holisms, there are differences in origin between the two holisms, and the reasons for the differences are related to the philosophical methodology what they represent respectively. The holism of TCM is more comprehensive than western medicine, but there are also some deficiencies. The two holisms have a foundation of philosophical dialectic basis and development trend of mutual integration. From the perspective of development,the form of holism will eventually form a holism dominated by the holism of TCM and supplemented by the holistic concept of western medicine, and it is all-inclusive in horizontal and has distinct levels in vertical, which promotes people's understanding of medical wholeness.
Holism is a major feature and advantage of TCM, but holism is not unique to TCM. Western medicine also has a certain holism. By analyzing the connotation and origin of the two holisms, there are differences in origin between the two holisms, and the reasons for the differences are related to the philosophical methodology what they represent respectively. The holism of TCM is more comprehensive than western medicine, but there are also some deficiencies. The two holisms have a foundation of philosophical dialectic basis and development trend of mutual integration. From the perspective of development,the form of holism will eventually form a holism dominated by the holism of TCM and supplemented by the holistic concept of western medicine, and it is all-inclusive in horizontal and has distinct levels in vertical, which promotes people's understanding of medical wholeness.
引文
[1]袁尚华.中医整体观念对疾病整体预防的指导作用.中华中医药杂志,2015,30(7):2313-2315
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[3]陈志强,吕立国.整体辨证、局部辨证与微观辨证——对现代中医辨证论治体系的思考.中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(12):1126-1127
[4]仝小林.论辨症、辨病、审因与辨证论治在临床中的.中医杂志,2013,54(2):93-95
[5]郝先中.中医缘何废而不止——近代“废止中医案”破产根源之分析.自然辩证法通讯,2006,28(5):88-95
[6]赵新乡.西医整体观.深圳中西医结合杂志,2012,22(6):353-354
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[10]孙萧音,陈芳,裴大军,等.心血管疾病患者生活质量与心理健康状况的相关性研.护理学杂志,2012,27(11):75-77
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[12]张建宏.现代科技革命与医学发展的探讨.继续医学教育,2007,21(34):23-25
[13]武俊艳,张俊龙,王杰,等.《黄帝内经》之“气”与中医“元整体观”.中医杂志,2015,56(2):91-94
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[15]汉·何休.春秋公羊传解诂·隐公元年.上海:上海古籍出版社,1990:45-53
[16]宋·张载.张子正蒙.上海:上海古籍出版社,2000:8-17
[17]高亨.周易古经今注.北京:中华书局,1984:81-93
[18]清·王夫之.庄子解.王孝鱼,校.北京:中华书局,1964:267-281
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[20]张宗明,金鑫,文庠.中医方法论的一个研究框架.南京中医药大学学报,2002,3(3):109-114
[21]张宗明.中西医结合的方法论思考.南京中医药大学学报,2003,4(3):127-132
[22]申俊龙.中西医学差异起源的历史比较与分析.南京医科大学学报(社会科学版),2008,32(3):183-189
[23]杨云松.浅析中西医学之差异及其产生根源.中医药信息,2008,25(3):1-3
[24]柯志阳.论经验的性质:“观察渗透理论”与“理论颠覆经验”.自然辩证法通讯,2002,24(1):16-22
[25]张宗明.近代中医发展缓慢的方法论原因分析.自然辩证法研究,2003,19(3):62-66
[26]张挺.论儒家“中庸”思想对中医学的影响.中华中医药学刊,2010,28(11):2333-2334
[27]吴寒斌,高虹.现代化国际化背景下中医思维特色刍议.中华中医药杂志,2018,33(1):30-32
[28]甘煜东,徐达传,丁晶.浅谈医学模式的转变及其辩证关系.医学与社会,2010,23(9):12-14
[29]孙宝良,滕百军.现代医学存在自身缺陷的依据、原因、现象及其后果.医学与哲学,2002,23(1):12-15
[30]武丽媛,郭雷.中蒙医学关于整体观念的认识.中华中医药杂志,2018,33(12):5412-5414
[31]常绍舜.从整体与部分的辩证关系看系统论与还原论的适用范围.系统科学学报,2008,16(1):8-89
[32]陈士奎.屠呦呦教授获“诺贝尔奖”的启示与思考.中国中西医结合杂志,2016,36(1):6-10
[2]刘峰,刘天君.整体观念在中医现代化研究中的理论思考.中国中医基础医学杂志,2011,17(6):595-596
[3]陈志强,吕立国.整体辨证、局部辨证与微观辨证——对现代中医辨证论治体系的思考.中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(12):1126-1127
[4]仝小林.论辨症、辨病、审因与辨证论治在临床中的.中医杂志,2013,54(2):93-95
[5]郝先中.中医缘何废而不止——近代“废止中医案”破产根源之分析.自然辩证法通讯,2006,28(5):88-95
[6]赵新乡.西医整体观.深圳中西医结合杂志,2012,22(6):353-354
[7]夏永莉.关于中医整体观念的哲学思考.时珍国医国药,2009,20(4):1023-1024
[8]孙广仁.中医基础理论.2版.北京:中国中医药出版社,2007:10-18
[9]刘敏,吴倩,马玉玲,等.雾霾与肺系疾病相关性的中医理论认识探微.江苏中医药,2014,46(10):16-17
[10]孙萧音,陈芳,裴大军,等.心血管疾病患者生活质量与心理健康状况的相关性研.护理学杂志,2012,27(11):75-77
[11]王新荣,吴彦莉.从“气一元论”与“原子论”角度探讨中医学与西医学的差异.中华中医药学刊,2006,24(6):1068-1069
[12]张建宏.现代科技革命与医学发展的探讨.继续医学教育,2007,21(34):23-25
[13]武俊艳,张俊龙,王杰,等.《黄帝内经》之“气”与中医“元整体观”.中医杂志,2015,56(2):91-94
[14]汉·董仲舒.春秋繁露.上海:上海古籍出版社,1989:20-22
[15]汉·何休.春秋公羊传解诂·隐公元年.上海:上海古籍出版社,1990:45-53
[16]宋·张载.张子正蒙.上海:上海古籍出版社,2000:8-17
[17]高亨.周易古经今注.北京:中华书局,1984:81-93
[18]清·王夫之.庄子解.王孝鱼,校.北京:中华书局,1964:267-281
[19]春秋·老子.道德经.徐澍,刘浩,注.合肥:安徽人民出版社,1990:210-218
[20]张宗明,金鑫,文庠.中医方法论的一个研究框架.南京中医药大学学报,2002,3(3):109-114
[21]张宗明.中西医结合的方法论思考.南京中医药大学学报,2003,4(3):127-132
[22]申俊龙.中西医学差异起源的历史比较与分析.南京医科大学学报(社会科学版),2008,32(3):183-189
[23]杨云松.浅析中西医学之差异及其产生根源.中医药信息,2008,25(3):1-3
[24]柯志阳.论经验的性质:“观察渗透理论”与“理论颠覆经验”.自然辩证法通讯,2002,24(1):16-22
[25]张宗明.近代中医发展缓慢的方法论原因分析.自然辩证法研究,2003,19(3):62-66
[26]张挺.论儒家“中庸”思想对中医学的影响.中华中医药学刊,2010,28(11):2333-2334
[27]吴寒斌,高虹.现代化国际化背景下中医思维特色刍议.中华中医药杂志,2018,33(1):30-32
[28]甘煜东,徐达传,丁晶.浅谈医学模式的转变及其辩证关系.医学与社会,2010,23(9):12-14
[29]孙宝良,滕百军.现代医学存在自身缺陷的依据、原因、现象及其后果.医学与哲学,2002,23(1):12-15
[30]武丽媛,郭雷.中蒙医学关于整体观念的认识.中华中医药杂志,2018,33(12):5412-5414
[31]常绍舜.从整体与部分的辩证关系看系统论与还原论的适用范围.系统科学学报,2008,16(1):8-89
[32]陈士奎.屠呦呦教授获“诺贝尔奖”的启示与思考.中国中西医结合杂志,2016,36(1):6-10