普光和川中地区特大型气田颗粒滩储层特征类比及启示
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摘要
为揭示四川盆地特大型碳酸盐岩颗粒滩相储层特点及差异性,为类似地区的油气勘探提供参考,以四川盆地普光地区和川中古隆起2个特大型气田碳酸盐岩颗粒滩储层为研究对象,对两个地区颗粒滩沉积储层基本特征及储层主控因素进行综合类比研究。研究揭示,两个地区颗粒滩储层具有共性特点,均处于高能沉积相带,具有明显的早期沉积环境和构造演化的继承性,储层具有明显的准同生期暴露溶蚀、强云化和早期油气充注等特点。两个地区储层又具有一定差异性,普光地区与陆地隔离,具有明显的加积特征,形成厚度大且集中分布的带状鲕粒滩区;川中古隆起区则与陆地相连,颗粒滩具有明显迁移结构,面积大,但厚度相对较小。研究认为,颗粒滩沉积是大型储层形成的重要物质基础,沉积结构对其控制明显;准同生期暴露溶蚀、强白云石化作用和早期油气充注及后期裂解是两个地区现今优质白云岩储层得以形成和保存的核心因素,优质的成藏要素组合为优质的云化颗粒滩储层的形成和保存提供了有利的时空系统条件。
In order to reveal the characteristics of the supergiant carbonatite grain beach reservoirs in Sichuan Basin and its differences in different areas,provide references for oil and gas exploration of similar reservoirs,the characteristics of the carbonatite grain beach reservoirs of two supergiant gas fields discovered in Puguang region of Sichuan Basin and Chuanzhong paleo-uplift of Sichuan Province and its main control factors were contrastively studied. It is shown that,the grain beach reservoirs in two areas have some common characteristics:they are all in high energy sedimentary facies belt,which have obvious early sedimentary environment and inheritance of tectonic evolution,and have obvious characteristics of quasi syngenetic exposure dissolution,strong micatization and early hydrocarbon filling. They have also some differences: Puguang area is isolated from land and has obvious accumulative features,and a strip oolitic beach area with large thickness and relatively small distribution area was formed; the Chuanzhong paleo-uplift area is connected with land,and the grain beach has obvious migration structure,its distribution area is large,but its thickness is relatively small. It is held that grain beach deposit is an important material base for the formation of large reservoirs,and it is obviously controlled by sedimentary structure; the core factors for the formation and preservation of the present high quality dolomite reservoirs in two areas are penecontemporaneous exposure dissolution,strong dolomitization,early hydrocarbon filling and late pyrolysis,and the combination of high-quality hydrocarbon accumulation elements provides favorable time-space conditions for the formation and preservation of high-quality dolomitic granular beach reservoirs.
In order to reveal the characteristics of the supergiant carbonatite grain beach reservoirs in Sichuan Basin and its differences in different areas,provide references for oil and gas exploration of similar reservoirs,the characteristics of the carbonatite grain beach reservoirs of two supergiant gas fields discovered in Puguang region of Sichuan Basin and Chuanzhong paleo-uplift of Sichuan Province and its main control factors were contrastively studied. It is shown that,the grain beach reservoirs in two areas have some common characteristics:they are all in high energy sedimentary facies belt,which have obvious early sedimentary environment and inheritance of tectonic evolution,and have obvious characteristics of quasi syngenetic exposure dissolution,strong micatization and early hydrocarbon filling. They have also some differences: Puguang area is isolated from land and has obvious accumulative features,and a strip oolitic beach area with large thickness and relatively small distribution area was formed; the Chuanzhong paleo-uplift area is connected with land,and the grain beach has obvious migration structure,its distribution area is large,but its thickness is relatively small. It is held that grain beach deposit is an important material base for the formation of large reservoirs,and it is obviously controlled by sedimentary structure; the core factors for the formation and preservation of the present high quality dolomite reservoirs in two areas are penecontemporaneous exposure dissolution,strong dolomitization,early hydrocarbon filling and late pyrolysis,and the combination of high-quality hydrocarbon accumulation elements provides favorable time-space conditions for the formation and preservation of high-quality dolomitic granular beach reservoirs.
引文
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[11]陈洪德,钟怡江,侯明才,等.川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组碳酸盐岩台地层序充填结构及成藏效应[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):539-547.CHEN Hongde,ZHONG Yijiang,HOU Mingcai,et al.Sequence styles and hydrocarbon accumulation effects of carbonate rock platform in the Changxing-Feixianguan formations in the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):539-547.
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[13]刘建强,罗冰,谭秀成,等.川东北地区飞仙关组台缘带鲕滩分布规律[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2012,37(4):805-814.LIU Jianqiang,LUO Bing,TAN Xiucheng,et al.Distribution of marginal-platform Oolitic shoal in Feixianguan Formation,Northeast Sichuan,China[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),2012,37(4):805-814.
[14]罗志立.峨眉地裂运动和四川盆地天然气勘探实践[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(4):419-424.LUO Zhili.Emeitaphro genesis and natural gas prospecting practices in Sichuan Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(4):419-424.
[15]刘树根,孙玮,罗志立,等.兴凯地裂运动与四川盆地下组合油气勘探[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(5):511-520.LIU Shugen,SUN Wei,LUO Zhili,et al.Xingkai taphrogenesis and petroleum exploration from Upper Sinian to Cambrian Strata in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2013,40(5):511-520.
[16]邢凤存,侯明才,林良彪,等.四川盆地晚震旦世—早寒武世构造运动记录及动力学成因讨论[J].地学前缘,2015,34(8):115-125.XING Fengcun,HOU Mingcai,LIN Liangbiao,et al.The records and its dynamic genesis discussion of tectonic movement during the Late Sinian and the Early Cambrian of Sichuan Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,34(8):115-125.
[17]刘树根,王一刚,孙玮,等.拉张槽对四川盆地海相油气分布的控制作用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(1):1-23.LIU Shugen,WANG Yigang,SUN Wei,et al.Control of intracratonic sags on the hydrocarbon accumulations in the marine strata across the Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2016,43(1):1-23.
[18]金民东,曾伟,谭秀成,等.四川磨溪—高石梯地区龙王庙组滩控岩溶型储集层特征及控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):650-660.JIN Mindong,ZENG Wei,TAN Xiucheng,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of beach-controlled karst reservoirs in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,Moxi-Gaoshiti area,Sichuan Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):650-660.
[2]姚根顺,周进高,邹伟宏,等.四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩特征及分布规律[J].海相油气地质,2013,18(4):1-8.YAO Genshun,ZHOU Jingao,ZOU Weihong,et al.Characteristics and distribution rule of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao grain beach in Sichuan Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2013,18(4):1-8.
[3]杜金虎,邹才能,徐春春,等.川中古隆起龙王庙组特大型气田战略发现与理论技术创新[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):268-277.DU Jinhu,ZOU Caineng,XU Chunchun,et al.Theoretical and technical innovations in strategic discovery of a giant gas field in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of central Sichuan paleo-uplift,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(3):268-277.
[4]徐春春,沈平,杨跃明,等.乐山—龙女寺古隆起震旦系—下寒武统龙王庙组天然气成藏条件与富集规律[J].天然气工业,2014,34(3):1-7.XU Chunchun,SHEN Ping,YANG Yueming,et al.Accumulation conditions and enrichment patterns of natural gas in the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Fm reservoirs of the Leshan-Longnüsi Paleohigh,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(3):1-7.
[5]邹才能,杜金虎,徐春春,等.四川盆地震旦系—寒武系特大型气田形成分布、资源潜力及勘探发现[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):278-293.ZOU Caineng,DU Jinhu,XU Chunchun,et al.Formation,distribution,resource potential and discovery of the Sinian Cambrian giant gas field,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(3):278-293.
[6]周进高,房超,季汉成,等.四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩发育规律[J].天然气工业,2014,34(8):27-36.ZHOU Jingao,FANG Chao,JI Hancheng,et al.A development rule of Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao grain beaches in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(8):27-36.
[7]邹才能,徐春春,汪泽成,等.四川盆地台缘带礁滩大气区地质特征与形成条件[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):641-651.ZOU Caineng,XU Chunchun,WANG Zecheng,et al.Geological characteristics and forming conditions of the large platform margin reef-shoal gas province in the Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):641-651.
[8]王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等.四川盆地及邻区上二叠统一下三叠统海槽的深水沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(5):702-714.WANG Yigang,WEN Yingchu,HONG Haitao,et al.Petroleum geological characteristics of deep water deposits in Upper Permian-Lower Tirasisc trough in Sichuan basin and adjacent areas[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(5):702-714.
[9]赵文智,汪泽成,王一刚.四川盆地东北部飞仙关组高效气藏形成机理[J].地质论评,2006,52(5):708-717.ZHAO Wenzhi,WANG Zecheng,WANG Yigang.Formation mechanism of highly effective gas pools in the Feixianguan Formation in the NE Sichuan Basin[J].Geological Review,2006,52(5):708-717.
[10]马永生,郭彤楼,朱光友,等.硫化氢对碳酸盐储层溶蚀改造作用的模拟实验证据:以川东飞仙关组为例[J].科学通报,2007,52(增刊Ⅰ):136-141.
[11]陈洪德,钟怡江,侯明才,等.川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组碳酸盐岩台地层序充填结构及成藏效应[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):539-547.CHEN Hongde,ZHONG Yijiang,HOU Mingcai,et al.Sequence styles and hydrocarbon accumulation effects of carbonate rock platform in the Changxing-Feixianguan formations in the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):539-547.
[12]郭彤楼.川东北地区台地边缘礁、滩气藏沉积与储层特征[J].地学前缘,2011,18(4):201-211.GUO Tonglou.The characteristics of sedimentation and reservoirs of reef-beach gas fields in carbonate platform margins,Northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2011,18(4):201-211.
[13]刘建强,罗冰,谭秀成,等.川东北地区飞仙关组台缘带鲕滩分布规律[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2012,37(4):805-814.LIU Jianqiang,LUO Bing,TAN Xiucheng,et al.Distribution of marginal-platform Oolitic shoal in Feixianguan Formation,Northeast Sichuan,China[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),2012,37(4):805-814.
[14]罗志立.峨眉地裂运动和四川盆地天然气勘探实践[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(4):419-424.LUO Zhili.Emeitaphro genesis and natural gas prospecting practices in Sichuan Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(4):419-424.
[15]刘树根,孙玮,罗志立,等.兴凯地裂运动与四川盆地下组合油气勘探[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(5):511-520.LIU Shugen,SUN Wei,LUO Zhili,et al.Xingkai taphrogenesis and petroleum exploration from Upper Sinian to Cambrian Strata in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2013,40(5):511-520.
[16]邢凤存,侯明才,林良彪,等.四川盆地晚震旦世—早寒武世构造运动记录及动力学成因讨论[J].地学前缘,2015,34(8):115-125.XING Fengcun,HOU Mingcai,LIN Liangbiao,et al.The records and its dynamic genesis discussion of tectonic movement during the Late Sinian and the Early Cambrian of Sichuan Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,34(8):115-125.
[17]刘树根,王一刚,孙玮,等.拉张槽对四川盆地海相油气分布的控制作用[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(1):1-23.LIU Shugen,WANG Yigang,SUN Wei,et al.Control of intracratonic sags on the hydrocarbon accumulations in the marine strata across the Sichuan Basin,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2016,43(1):1-23.
[18]金民东,曾伟,谭秀成,等.四川磨溪—高石梯地区龙王庙组滩控岩溶型储集层特征及控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):650-660.JIN Mindong,ZENG Wei,TAN Xiucheng,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of beach-controlled karst reservoirs in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation,Moxi-Gaoshiti area,Sichuan Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):650-660.