虉草属草种质资源研究进展
|
摘要
虉草属(Phalaris Linn.)系禾本科一年生或多年生草本植物,广泛分布于北半球的温带地区,大部分产于欧美。其植株高大、生长速度快、且具有高生物质产量,具有多种用途,经济价值较高,广泛用于牧草、造纸、生物质能源和水土保持等方面。本文从!草属植物生物学特性与分布、遗传多样性、品种选育、栽培与利用、抗营养因子生物碱等方面进行综述,并提出了研究展望,以期为虉草属草种质资源的进一步研究提供参考。
Phalaris Linn. is annual or perennial herbaceous. The grass are widely distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere,mostly in Europe and America,and there is one species and one variety in China. Reed canarygrass is tall and grow fast,which has high biomass yield,a variety of uses and high economic value,it is widely used in forage,paper,biomass energy,and the aspect of the environmental protection. This paper summarized about the biological characteristics and distribution,genetic diversity,breeding,cultivation and utilization,and antinutritional factor alkaloid,and looked forward to directions of the researches and developmental prospects in the future in order to provide reference on further researching and utilizing the germplasm resources of Phalaris Linn.
Phalaris Linn. is annual or perennial herbaceous. The grass are widely distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere,mostly in Europe and America,and there is one species and one variety in China. Reed canarygrass is tall and grow fast,which has high biomass yield,a variety of uses and high economic value,it is widely used in forage,paper,biomass energy,and the aspect of the environmental protection. This paper summarized about the biological characteristics and distribution,genetic diversity,breeding,cultivation and utilization,and antinutritional factor alkaloid,and looked forward to directions of the researches and developmental prospects in the future in order to provide reference on further researching and utilizing the germplasm resources of Phalaris Linn.
引文
[1]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[2]解新明,周峰,赵燕慧,等.多年生能源禾草的产能和生态效益[J].生态学报,2008,28(5):2329-2342.
[3]陈宝书.牧草饲料作物栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[4]李宏玉.!草的生物生态学特性及其利用[J].云南农业科技,2015,(3):29-32.
[5]付为国,李萍萍,吴春笃,等.镇江北固山湿地!草季节生长动态研究[J].植物科学学报,2006,24(2):135-139.
[6]付为国,李萍萍,王纪章,等.镇江河漫滩草地!草光合特性研究[J].草地学报,2007,15(4):381-385.
[7]张永亮,骆秀梅.!草的研究进展[J].草地学报,2008,16(6):659-666.
[8]孙铁军,苏日古嘎,马万里,等.10种禾草苗期抗旱性的比较研究[J].草业学报,2008,17(4):42-49.
[9]郑敏娜,李向林,万里强,等.水分胁迫对6种禾草叶绿体、线粒体超微结构及光合作用的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):643-649.
[10]Zeiders K E.Stagonospora foliicola,a pathogen of reed canarygrass spray-irrigated with municipal sewage effluent[J].Plant Disease Reporter,1975.
[11]Zeiders,K E,and Sherwood,RT.Reaction of reed canarygrass genotypes to the Ieafspot pathogens Stagonospora foliicola and Helminthosporium catenarium[J].Crop Sci,1977,17(4):651.
[12]Wolf D D.Yield reductions in reed canarygrass caused by frit fly infestation 1[J].Cropence,1967,7(3):239-240.
[13]Merigliano M F,Lesica P.The native status of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)in the Inland Nortwest,USA[J].Natural Areas Journal,1998,18(3):223-230.
[14]付为国,田远飞,汤涓涓,等.芦苇浸提液对!草种子萌发及幼苗生长生理特性的影响[J].广西植物,2013,33(2):154-158.
[15]刘刚,张昌兵,李达旭,等."川草3号"!草饲用价值初步研究[J].草业与畜牧,2008,(12):11-12.
[16]郭怡卿,赵国晶,陈勇,等.云南农田外来杂草及其危害现状[J].西南农业学报,2010,23(4):1352-1355.
[17]李宏玉.小子!草和奇异!草的识别与防除[J].云南农业科技,2015,(5):48-50.
[18]施立明.遗传多样性及其保存[J].生命科学,1990,2(4):159-164.
[19]沈振国,刘友良.重金属超量积累植物研究进展[J].植物生理学报,1998,(2):133-139.
[20]Werner K J,Zedler J B.How sedge meadow soils,microtopography,and vegetation respond to Sedimentation[J].Wetlands,2002,22(3):451-466.
[21]Kercher S M,Zedler J B.Flood tolerance in wetland angiosperms:a comparison of invasive and noninvasive species[J].Aquatic Botany,2004,80(2):89-102.
[22]Miller R C,Zedler J B.Responses of native and invasive wetland plants to hydroperiod and water depth[J].Plant Ecology,2003,167(1):57-69.
[23]Herr-Turoff A,Zedler J B.Does morphological plasticity of the Phalaris arundinaceacanopy increase invasiveness[J].Plant Ecology,2007,193(2):265-277.
[24]Andreea G,Samfira I,Butnariu M,et al.The morphological features influence on Phalaris arundinacea green mass and dry matter yield[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2012,161(161):35-35.
[25]Ambastha H N S.Cytological investigations in phalaris[J].Genetica,1957,28(1):64-98.
[26]Mcwilliam J R,Nealsmith C A.Tetraploid and hexaploid chromosome races of Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,1962,13(1):1-9.
[27]Jakubowski A R,Jackson R D,Johnson R C,et al.Genetic diversity and population structure of Eurasian populations of reed canarygrass:cytotypes,cultivars,and interspecific hybrids[J].Crop&Pasture Science,2011,62(62):982-991.
[28]M.D.Casler,Phillips M M,Krohn A L.DNA polymorphisms reveal geographic races of reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,2009,49(6):2139-2148.
[29]Casler M D,Cherney J H,Brummer E C,et al.Biomass yield of naturalized populations and cultivars of reed canary grass[J].Bioenergy Research,2009,2(3):165-173.
[30]Olmstead J,Casler M D,Brummer E C.Genetic variability for biofuel traits in a circumglobal reed canarygrass collection[J].Crop Science,2013,53(2):524-531.
[31]Krohn A.DNA polymorphisms reveal geographic races of reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,2009,49(6):2139-2148.
[32]Yudina R S,Khlestkina E K.The genetic diversity of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinaceae L.)assessed by isozyme markers[J].2016,20(3):364-369.
[33]张永亮,骆秀梅,刘鹏,等.22份!草种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].草地学报,2017,25(2):366-372.
[34]Wittenberg K M,Thomsett E C,Ames N.Use of histochemistry,section-to-slide digestion and image analysis for evaluation of digestibility in reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)genotypes[J].Canadian V eterinary Journal La Revue V eterinaire Canadienne,1994,74(1):83-89.
[35]Coulman B E.Bellevue reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1995,75(2):473-474.
[36]Gyulai G,Mester Z,Kiss J,et al.Somaclonal breeding of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)[J].Grass&Forage Science,2010,58(2):210-214.
[37]丛丽丽,张蕴薇,陈新,等.盐胁迫对!草种子萌发与幼苗生理生化的影响[J].草业科学,2011,28(12):2136-2142.
[38]周碧华,王连生.!草生态生物学特性及其饲用价值的研究[J].中国草地学报,1988,(1):35-36.
[39]佚名.川草引3号!草品种简介[J].草业与畜牧,2018,(1).
[40]刘刚,李达旭,张昌兵,等.“川草3号”!草品种比较试验总结[J].草业与畜牧,2007,(10):14-16.
[41]陈超,龙忠富,刘正书.不同生长年限威宁草芦营养成分动态研究[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2008,32(1):6-8.
[42]龙忠富,刘华荣,吴佳海,等.威宁球茎草芦新品种选育[J].种子,2008,27(9):110-114.
[43]Strem L.Studies on genetic variation in reed canarygrass,Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Hereditas,1988,108(1):103-113.
[44]Williams M,Barnes R F,Cassady J M.Characterization of alkaloids in palatable and unpalatable clones of Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Crop Science,1971,11(2).
[45]Marten G C,Jordan R M,Hovin A W.Improved lamb performance associated with breeding for alkaloid reduction in reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,1980,21(2):295-298.
[46]Hovin A W,Marten G C,Stucker R E.Cell wall constituents of reed canarygrass:genetic variability and relationship to digestibility and yield[J].Crop Science,1976,16(4):575-578.
[47]O'Donovan P B,Barnes R F,Plumlee M P,et al.Ad libitum intake and digestibility of selected reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)clones as measured by the fecal index method[J].Journal of Animal Science,1967,26(5):1144-1152.
[48]M.E.希斯,R.F.巴恩斯,D.S.梅特卡夫,等.牧草---草地农业科学[M].北京:农业出版社,1992.
[49]Roe R,Mottershead B E.Palatability of Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Nature,1962,193(4812):255-256.
[50]Brewster,Ray Q,Mcewen,et al.Organic Chemistry[J].Soil Science,1960,89(2):115.
[51]Klebesadel L J,Dofing S M.Reed canarygrass in Alaska:Influence of latitude of adaptation on winter survival and forage productivity and observations on seed production[J].University of Alaska Fairbanks,Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Bulletin,1991,(84):1-26.
[52]East N E,Higgins R J.Canary grass(Phalaris sp)toxicosis in sheep in California[J].Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,1988,192(5):667-9.
[53]Culvenor CCJ,Dal Bon R,Smith LW.The occurrence of indolealkylamine alkaloids in Phalaris tuberosa L.and P.arundinacea L.[J].Australian Journal of Chemistry,1964,17(11):1301-1304.
[54]Marum P,Hovin A W,Marten G C.Inheritance of three groups of indole alkaloids in reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,1979,19(4):539-544.
[55]Wittenberg K M,Duynisveld G W,Tosi H R.Comparison of alkaloid content and nutritive value for tryptamine-and betacarboline-free cultivars of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinaceae L.)[J].Canadian Veterinary Journal La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne,1992,72(4):903-909.
[56]Strem L.Studies on genetic variation in reed canarygrass,Phalaris arundinacea L.I.:Alkaloid type and concentration[J].Hereditas,1987,(107):235-248.
[57]Lewandowski I,Scurlock J M O,Lindvall E,et al.The development and current status of perennial rhizomatous grasses as energy crops in the US and Europe[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,2003,25(4):335-361.
[58]Landstream S,Lomakka L,Andersson S.Harvest in spring improves yield and quality of reed canary grass as a bioenergy crop[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,1996,11(4):333-341.
[59]Tahir M H N,Casler M D,Moore K J,et al.Biomass yield and quality of reed canarygrass under five harvest management systems for bioenergy production[J].Bioenergy Research,2011,4(2):111-119.
[60]罗天琼,龙忠富,莫本田,等.威宁球茎草芦种子丰产栽培技术研究[J].草业科学,2012,29(3):471-477.
[61]王应芬,刘华荣,龙忠富,等.氮磷钾配施对威宁球茎草芦鲜草产量及营养成份的影响[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2012,36(4):57-60.
[62]贾有余,骆秀梅,张永亮.氮肥与行距对不同生育期!草产量与品质的调控效应[J].草业科学,2016,33(11):2312-2318.
[63]骆秀梅,张永亮.行距与施氮量对!草产量和各器官营养成分含量的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然汉文版),2017,32(5):418-423.
[64]杨义成,龙忠富,卢敏.威宁草芦与豆科牧草混播种间竞争初探[J].贵州农业科学,2008,36(1):70-73.
[65]张永亮,骆秀梅,石立媛,等.牧草根系碳氮磷生态化学计量特征对混播方式的响应[J].中国草地学报,2018,(2):61-68.
[66]Lee J S,Ahn J H,Jo I H,et al.Effects of cutting frequency and nitrogen fertilization on dry matter yield of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)in uncultivated rice paddy[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,1997,9(6):737-741.
[67]苏亚丽,张力君,孙启忠,等.水肥耦合对敖汉苜蓿营养成分的影响[J].草地学报,2011,19(5):109-112.
[68]张晓艳,董树亭,刘锋,等.氮肥运筹对杂交苏丹草产量饲用品质及再生系数的影响[J].草业学报,2007,16(1):94-99.
[69]Smith D,Rohweder D A,Jorgensen N A.Chemical composition of three legume and four grass herbages harvested at early flower during three years[J].Agronomy Journal,1974,66(6):817-819.
[70]贾蕴琪.!草遗传连锁图谱构建与种质资源评价[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[71]罗天琼,莫本田,龙忠富,等.威宁球茎草芦饲喂黑山羊效果试验[J].草业科学,2012,29(7):1158-1162.
[72]李平,白史且,游明鸿,等.不同添加剂对低水分!草青贮品质的影响[J].草业与畜牧,2013,(6):1-5.
[73]李平,鄢家俊,白史且,等.川西北高寒牧区老芒麦和!草青贮效果初步研究[J].草地学报,2012,20(2):368-372.
[74]李平,游明鸿,白史且,等.牦牛奶渣乳酸菌对!草青贮品质的影响[J].草业与畜牧,2012,(10):6-9.
[75]汪辉,周禾,高凤芹,等.能源草的研究与应用进展[J].草业与畜牧,2013,(1):50-53.
[76]李平,孙小龙,韩建国,等.能源植物新看点---草类能源植物[J].中国草地学报,2010,32(5):97-100.
[77]Pahkala K,Aalto M,Isolahti M,et al.Large-scale energy grass farming for power plants-a case study from Ostrobothnia,Finland[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,2008,32(11):1009-1015.
[78]Anderson I C,Buxton D R,Lawlor P A.Yield and chemical composition of perennial grasses and alfalfa grown for maximum biomass[J].Sygeplejersken,1991,78(27):121-131.
[79]Moser L E,Buxton D R,Casler M D,et al.Reed canarygrass and other phalaris species[J].Cool-season forage grasses,1996.
[80]彭友林,陈建中,刘珍,等.洞庭湖湿地!草资源的开发利用[J].湖南文理学院学报(自然科学版),2003,15(4):35-36.
[81]张青,王进鑫,邹朋,等.水分和铅交互胁迫对国槐幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(3):476-483.
[82]Kang H,Lin L,Rong M,et al.A cross-reactive sensor array for the fluorescence qualitative analysis of heavy metalions[J].Talanta,2014,129(129):296-302.
[83]Galende M A,Becerril J M,Gómezsagasti M T,et al.Agro-industrial wastes as effective amendments for ecotoxicity reduction and soil health improvement in aided phytostabilization[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2014,21(17):10036-10044.
[84]Cheraghi M,Lorestani B,Khorasani N,et al.Findings on the phytoextraction and phytostabilization of soils contaminated with heavy metals[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2011,144(1-3):1133.
[85]El A N,Saidi N,Maltouf A F,et al.Prospecting metal-tolerant rhizobia for phytoremediation of mining soils from Morocco using Anthyllis vulneraria L.[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2015,22(6):4500.
[86]归静,刘娟,高伟,等.!草用于干旱地区土壤镉和铜污染修复的潜力[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(2):281-287.
[87]吴春笃,沈明霞,储金宇,等.北固山湿地!草氮磷积累和转移能力的研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(4):674-678.
[88]Marten G C,Clapp C E,Larson W E.Effects of municipal wastewater effluent and cutting management on persistence and yield of eight perennial forages[J].Agronomy Journal,1979,71(4):650-658.
[89]强胜.世界性恶性杂草──紫茎泽兰研究的历史及现状[J].植物科学学报,1998,16(4):366-372.
[90]鲁萍,桑卫国,马克平.外来入侵种紫茎泽兰研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):1029-1037.
[91]刘华荣,龙忠富,吴佳海,等.紫茎泽兰水浸液对威宁球茎草芦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2011,30(6):90-92.
[2]解新明,周峰,赵燕慧,等.多年生能源禾草的产能和生态效益[J].生态学报,2008,28(5):2329-2342.
[3]陈宝书.牧草饲料作物栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[4]李宏玉.!草的生物生态学特性及其利用[J].云南农业科技,2015,(3):29-32.
[5]付为国,李萍萍,吴春笃,等.镇江北固山湿地!草季节生长动态研究[J].植物科学学报,2006,24(2):135-139.
[6]付为国,李萍萍,王纪章,等.镇江河漫滩草地!草光合特性研究[J].草地学报,2007,15(4):381-385.
[7]张永亮,骆秀梅.!草的研究进展[J].草地学报,2008,16(6):659-666.
[8]孙铁军,苏日古嘎,马万里,等.10种禾草苗期抗旱性的比较研究[J].草业学报,2008,17(4):42-49.
[9]郑敏娜,李向林,万里强,等.水分胁迫对6种禾草叶绿体、线粒体超微结构及光合作用的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):643-649.
[10]Zeiders K E.Stagonospora foliicola,a pathogen of reed canarygrass spray-irrigated with municipal sewage effluent[J].Plant Disease Reporter,1975.
[11]Zeiders,K E,and Sherwood,RT.Reaction of reed canarygrass genotypes to the Ieafspot pathogens Stagonospora foliicola and Helminthosporium catenarium[J].Crop Sci,1977,17(4):651.
[12]Wolf D D.Yield reductions in reed canarygrass caused by frit fly infestation 1[J].Cropence,1967,7(3):239-240.
[13]Merigliano M F,Lesica P.The native status of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)in the Inland Nortwest,USA[J].Natural Areas Journal,1998,18(3):223-230.
[14]付为国,田远飞,汤涓涓,等.芦苇浸提液对!草种子萌发及幼苗生长生理特性的影响[J].广西植物,2013,33(2):154-158.
[15]刘刚,张昌兵,李达旭,等."川草3号"!草饲用价值初步研究[J].草业与畜牧,2008,(12):11-12.
[16]郭怡卿,赵国晶,陈勇,等.云南农田外来杂草及其危害现状[J].西南农业学报,2010,23(4):1352-1355.
[17]李宏玉.小子!草和奇异!草的识别与防除[J].云南农业科技,2015,(5):48-50.
[18]施立明.遗传多样性及其保存[J].生命科学,1990,2(4):159-164.
[19]沈振国,刘友良.重金属超量积累植物研究进展[J].植物生理学报,1998,(2):133-139.
[20]Werner K J,Zedler J B.How sedge meadow soils,microtopography,and vegetation respond to Sedimentation[J].Wetlands,2002,22(3):451-466.
[21]Kercher S M,Zedler J B.Flood tolerance in wetland angiosperms:a comparison of invasive and noninvasive species[J].Aquatic Botany,2004,80(2):89-102.
[22]Miller R C,Zedler J B.Responses of native and invasive wetland plants to hydroperiod and water depth[J].Plant Ecology,2003,167(1):57-69.
[23]Herr-Turoff A,Zedler J B.Does morphological plasticity of the Phalaris arundinaceacanopy increase invasiveness[J].Plant Ecology,2007,193(2):265-277.
[24]Andreea G,Samfira I,Butnariu M,et al.The morphological features influence on Phalaris arundinacea green mass and dry matter yield[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2012,161(161):35-35.
[25]Ambastha H N S.Cytological investigations in phalaris[J].Genetica,1957,28(1):64-98.
[26]Mcwilliam J R,Nealsmith C A.Tetraploid and hexaploid chromosome races of Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,1962,13(1):1-9.
[27]Jakubowski A R,Jackson R D,Johnson R C,et al.Genetic diversity and population structure of Eurasian populations of reed canarygrass:cytotypes,cultivars,and interspecific hybrids[J].Crop&Pasture Science,2011,62(62):982-991.
[28]M.D.Casler,Phillips M M,Krohn A L.DNA polymorphisms reveal geographic races of reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,2009,49(6):2139-2148.
[29]Casler M D,Cherney J H,Brummer E C,et al.Biomass yield of naturalized populations and cultivars of reed canary grass[J].Bioenergy Research,2009,2(3):165-173.
[30]Olmstead J,Casler M D,Brummer E C.Genetic variability for biofuel traits in a circumglobal reed canarygrass collection[J].Crop Science,2013,53(2):524-531.
[31]Krohn A.DNA polymorphisms reveal geographic races of reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,2009,49(6):2139-2148.
[32]Yudina R S,Khlestkina E K.The genetic diversity of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinaceae L.)assessed by isozyme markers[J].2016,20(3):364-369.
[33]张永亮,骆秀梅,刘鹏,等.22份!草种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].草地学报,2017,25(2):366-372.
[34]Wittenberg K M,Thomsett E C,Ames N.Use of histochemistry,section-to-slide digestion and image analysis for evaluation of digestibility in reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)genotypes[J].Canadian V eterinary Journal La Revue V eterinaire Canadienne,1994,74(1):83-89.
[35]Coulman B E.Bellevue reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1995,75(2):473-474.
[36]Gyulai G,Mester Z,Kiss J,et al.Somaclonal breeding of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)[J].Grass&Forage Science,2010,58(2):210-214.
[37]丛丽丽,张蕴薇,陈新,等.盐胁迫对!草种子萌发与幼苗生理生化的影响[J].草业科学,2011,28(12):2136-2142.
[38]周碧华,王连生.!草生态生物学特性及其饲用价值的研究[J].中国草地学报,1988,(1):35-36.
[39]佚名.川草引3号!草品种简介[J].草业与畜牧,2018,(1).
[40]刘刚,李达旭,张昌兵,等.“川草3号”!草品种比较试验总结[J].草业与畜牧,2007,(10):14-16.
[41]陈超,龙忠富,刘正书.不同生长年限威宁草芦营养成分动态研究[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2008,32(1):6-8.
[42]龙忠富,刘华荣,吴佳海,等.威宁球茎草芦新品种选育[J].种子,2008,27(9):110-114.
[43]Strem L.Studies on genetic variation in reed canarygrass,Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Hereditas,1988,108(1):103-113.
[44]Williams M,Barnes R F,Cassady J M.Characterization of alkaloids in palatable and unpalatable clones of Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Crop Science,1971,11(2).
[45]Marten G C,Jordan R M,Hovin A W.Improved lamb performance associated with breeding for alkaloid reduction in reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,1980,21(2):295-298.
[46]Hovin A W,Marten G C,Stucker R E.Cell wall constituents of reed canarygrass:genetic variability and relationship to digestibility and yield[J].Crop Science,1976,16(4):575-578.
[47]O'Donovan P B,Barnes R F,Plumlee M P,et al.Ad libitum intake and digestibility of selected reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)clones as measured by the fecal index method[J].Journal of Animal Science,1967,26(5):1144-1152.
[48]M.E.希斯,R.F.巴恩斯,D.S.梅特卡夫,等.牧草---草地农业科学[M].北京:农业出版社,1992.
[49]Roe R,Mottershead B E.Palatability of Phalaris arundinacea L.[J].Nature,1962,193(4812):255-256.
[50]Brewster,Ray Q,Mcewen,et al.Organic Chemistry[J].Soil Science,1960,89(2):115.
[51]Klebesadel L J,Dofing S M.Reed canarygrass in Alaska:Influence of latitude of adaptation on winter survival and forage productivity and observations on seed production[J].University of Alaska Fairbanks,Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Bulletin,1991,(84):1-26.
[52]East N E,Higgins R J.Canary grass(Phalaris sp)toxicosis in sheep in California[J].Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,1988,192(5):667-9.
[53]Culvenor CCJ,Dal Bon R,Smith LW.The occurrence of indolealkylamine alkaloids in Phalaris tuberosa L.and P.arundinacea L.[J].Australian Journal of Chemistry,1964,17(11):1301-1304.
[54]Marum P,Hovin A W,Marten G C.Inheritance of three groups of indole alkaloids in reed canarygrass[J].Crop Science,1979,19(4):539-544.
[55]Wittenberg K M,Duynisveld G W,Tosi H R.Comparison of alkaloid content and nutritive value for tryptamine-and betacarboline-free cultivars of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinaceae L.)[J].Canadian Veterinary Journal La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne,1992,72(4):903-909.
[56]Strem L.Studies on genetic variation in reed canarygrass,Phalaris arundinacea L.I.:Alkaloid type and concentration[J].Hereditas,1987,(107):235-248.
[57]Lewandowski I,Scurlock J M O,Lindvall E,et al.The development and current status of perennial rhizomatous grasses as energy crops in the US and Europe[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,2003,25(4):335-361.
[58]Landstream S,Lomakka L,Andersson S.Harvest in spring improves yield and quality of reed canary grass as a bioenergy crop[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,1996,11(4):333-341.
[59]Tahir M H N,Casler M D,Moore K J,et al.Biomass yield and quality of reed canarygrass under five harvest management systems for bioenergy production[J].Bioenergy Research,2011,4(2):111-119.
[60]罗天琼,龙忠富,莫本田,等.威宁球茎草芦种子丰产栽培技术研究[J].草业科学,2012,29(3):471-477.
[61]王应芬,刘华荣,龙忠富,等.氮磷钾配施对威宁球茎草芦鲜草产量及营养成份的影响[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2012,36(4):57-60.
[62]贾有余,骆秀梅,张永亮.氮肥与行距对不同生育期!草产量与品质的调控效应[J].草业科学,2016,33(11):2312-2318.
[63]骆秀梅,张永亮.行距与施氮量对!草产量和各器官营养成分含量的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然汉文版),2017,32(5):418-423.
[64]杨义成,龙忠富,卢敏.威宁草芦与豆科牧草混播种间竞争初探[J].贵州农业科学,2008,36(1):70-73.
[65]张永亮,骆秀梅,石立媛,等.牧草根系碳氮磷生态化学计量特征对混播方式的响应[J].中国草地学报,2018,(2):61-68.
[66]Lee J S,Ahn J H,Jo I H,et al.Effects of cutting frequency and nitrogen fertilization on dry matter yield of reed canarygrass(Phalaris arundinacea L.)in uncultivated rice paddy[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,1997,9(6):737-741.
[67]苏亚丽,张力君,孙启忠,等.水肥耦合对敖汉苜蓿营养成分的影响[J].草地学报,2011,19(5):109-112.
[68]张晓艳,董树亭,刘锋,等.氮肥运筹对杂交苏丹草产量饲用品质及再生系数的影响[J].草业学报,2007,16(1):94-99.
[69]Smith D,Rohweder D A,Jorgensen N A.Chemical composition of three legume and four grass herbages harvested at early flower during three years[J].Agronomy Journal,1974,66(6):817-819.
[70]贾蕴琪.!草遗传连锁图谱构建与种质资源评价[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[71]罗天琼,莫本田,龙忠富,等.威宁球茎草芦饲喂黑山羊效果试验[J].草业科学,2012,29(7):1158-1162.
[72]李平,白史且,游明鸿,等.不同添加剂对低水分!草青贮品质的影响[J].草业与畜牧,2013,(6):1-5.
[73]李平,鄢家俊,白史且,等.川西北高寒牧区老芒麦和!草青贮效果初步研究[J].草地学报,2012,20(2):368-372.
[74]李平,游明鸿,白史且,等.牦牛奶渣乳酸菌对!草青贮品质的影响[J].草业与畜牧,2012,(10):6-9.
[75]汪辉,周禾,高凤芹,等.能源草的研究与应用进展[J].草业与畜牧,2013,(1):50-53.
[76]李平,孙小龙,韩建国,等.能源植物新看点---草类能源植物[J].中国草地学报,2010,32(5):97-100.
[77]Pahkala K,Aalto M,Isolahti M,et al.Large-scale energy grass farming for power plants-a case study from Ostrobothnia,Finland[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,2008,32(11):1009-1015.
[78]Anderson I C,Buxton D R,Lawlor P A.Yield and chemical composition of perennial grasses and alfalfa grown for maximum biomass[J].Sygeplejersken,1991,78(27):121-131.
[79]Moser L E,Buxton D R,Casler M D,et al.Reed canarygrass and other phalaris species[J].Cool-season forage grasses,1996.
[80]彭友林,陈建中,刘珍,等.洞庭湖湿地!草资源的开发利用[J].湖南文理学院学报(自然科学版),2003,15(4):35-36.
[81]张青,王进鑫,邹朋,等.水分和铅交互胁迫对国槐幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(3):476-483.
[82]Kang H,Lin L,Rong M,et al.A cross-reactive sensor array for the fluorescence qualitative analysis of heavy metalions[J].Talanta,2014,129(129):296-302.
[83]Galende M A,Becerril J M,Gómezsagasti M T,et al.Agro-industrial wastes as effective amendments for ecotoxicity reduction and soil health improvement in aided phytostabilization[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2014,21(17):10036-10044.
[84]Cheraghi M,Lorestani B,Khorasani N,et al.Findings on the phytoextraction and phytostabilization of soils contaminated with heavy metals[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2011,144(1-3):1133.
[85]El A N,Saidi N,Maltouf A F,et al.Prospecting metal-tolerant rhizobia for phytoremediation of mining soils from Morocco using Anthyllis vulneraria L.[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2015,22(6):4500.
[86]归静,刘娟,高伟,等.!草用于干旱地区土壤镉和铜污染修复的潜力[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(2):281-287.
[87]吴春笃,沈明霞,储金宇,等.北固山湿地!草氮磷积累和转移能力的研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(4):674-678.
[88]Marten G C,Clapp C E,Larson W E.Effects of municipal wastewater effluent and cutting management on persistence and yield of eight perennial forages[J].Agronomy Journal,1979,71(4):650-658.
[89]强胜.世界性恶性杂草──紫茎泽兰研究的历史及现状[J].植物科学学报,1998,16(4):366-372.
[90]鲁萍,桑卫国,马克平.外来入侵种紫茎泽兰研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):1029-1037.
[91]刘华荣,龙忠富,吴佳海,等.紫茎泽兰水浸液对威宁球茎草芦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2011,30(6):90-92.