不同林龄油茶林土壤理化性质的变化
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摘要
以湖南省邵阳县5、12、30、70、100年生林龄的油茶林样地不同土层土壤为研究对象,采用方差分析和对比的方法,分析不同林龄油茶林土壤中有机质、全氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾、速效钾质量分数及pH值、密度、含水率等理化性质变化规律。不同林龄油茶林土壤的密度随土壤深度的增加而增加,随林龄的增加呈现出先增加后减少的趋势;含水率随林龄的增加先增加再降低,随土壤深度的增加而增加;pH值随林龄增加而逐渐降低;除全钾质量分数外,表层土壤养分均高于深层土壤。不同林龄油茶林土壤有机质质量分数随林龄增加呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,全氮质量分数随林龄的增加先降低再增加再逐渐降低,全磷质量分数呈M型趋势变化,全钾质量分数整体呈现先增加再降低的趋势,有效磷、速效钾质量分数随林龄的增加呈现先逐渐增加再降低的变化趋势。油茶林土壤理化性质与林龄关系密切,不同林龄的油茶林土壤肥力指标存在很大差异,可依据林龄对油茶林进行种植、管理和进一步抚育,本研究能够为低效油茶林改造提供一定理论依据。
Taking different soil layers of Camellia oleifera forest plots at 5,12,30,70 and 100 years old in Shaoyang County,Hunan Province as research objects,we analyzed the physical and chemical properties of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium,available potassium,p H,bulk density and water content in different forest age C. oleifera forests by variance analysis and comparison. The soil bulk density of C. oleifera forests increases with the increase of soil depth,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of forest age. The water content increases first and then decreases with the increase of forest age,and increases with the increase of soil depth. The p H value decreases with the increase of forest age; except for total potassium,the surface soil nutrient is higher than the deep soil. The soil organic matter of different forest age C. oleifera forests increases first and then decreases with the increase of forest age. Total nitrogen decreases first,then increases,then gradually decreases with the increase of forest age.Total phosphorus showed an"M"trend change. Total potassium appears to increase first and then decrease. The content of available phosphorus and available potassium showed a trend of increasing gradually and then decreasing with the increase of forest age. The soil physical and chemical properties of C. oleifera forest are closely related to the forest age. The soil fertility index of C. oleifera forests with different forest ages is very different. Planting,management and further nurturing of C.oleifera forest can be based on forest age.
Taking different soil layers of Camellia oleifera forest plots at 5,12,30,70 and 100 years old in Shaoyang County,Hunan Province as research objects,we analyzed the physical and chemical properties of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium,available potassium,p H,bulk density and water content in different forest age C. oleifera forests by variance analysis and comparison. The soil bulk density of C. oleifera forests increases with the increase of soil depth,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of forest age. The water content increases first and then decreases with the increase of forest age,and increases with the increase of soil depth. The p H value decreases with the increase of forest age; except for total potassium,the surface soil nutrient is higher than the deep soil. The soil organic matter of different forest age C. oleifera forests increases first and then decreases with the increase of forest age. Total nitrogen decreases first,then increases,then gradually decreases with the increase of forest age.Total phosphorus showed an"M"trend change. Total potassium appears to increase first and then decrease. The content of available phosphorus and available potassium showed a trend of increasing gradually and then decreasing with the increase of forest age. The soil physical and chemical properties of C. oleifera forest are closely related to the forest age. The soil fertility index of C. oleifera forests with different forest ages is very different. Planting,management and further nurturing of C.oleifera forest can be based on forest age.
引文
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[2] 庄瑞林.中国油茶[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[3] 冯金玲,郑新娟,杨志坚,等.套种模式对油茶生长及根际土壤理化性质的影响[J].森林与环境学报,2015,35(4):324-330.
[4] 罗健,陈永忠,彭邵锋,等.油茶低产林改造研究进展[J].湖南林业科技,2012,39(5):109-111.
[5] 种伟,王新凯.我国油茶产业发展问题的初步分析[J].中国林副特产,2010(4):87-90.
[6] 郭春兰,张露,雷蕾,等.不同林龄油茶林土壤酶活性及养分特征[J].草业科学,2012,29(11):1647-1654.
[7] 秦娟,唐心红,杨雪梅.马尾松不同林型对土壤理化性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(4):598-604.
[8] 王新英,史军辉,刘茂秀.塔里木河流域不同龄组胡杨林土壤理化性质及相关性[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(9):63-68.
[9] 杨文利,朱平宗,闫靖坤.水平阶种植油茶对红壤坡地土壤理化性质的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(5):315-320.
[10] 邱新彩,彭道黎,李伟丽,等.北京延庆区不同林龄油松人工林土壤理化性质[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018,24(2):221-229.
[11] 杨亚琴.不同林龄油茶生理特性及其根区土壤性质研究[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(7):61-66.