京津冀地级市区规模以上工业企业创新效率分析
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摘要
京津冀协同发展是新时期我国区域发展的重大国家战略之一,提高该区域工业企业的创新效率是推动京津冀协同发展的重中之重。依据2011—2015年京津冀地级市区规模以上工业企业科技创新投入与产出变量以及环境影响因素变量组成的面板数据,利用SFA方法对京津冀区域技术创新效率进行了测度。结果显示:京津冀的创新效率整体偏低,但河北省的创新效率基本高于京津冀的平均值。R&D经费投入比R&D人员投入对创新效率的正向的影响更大一些,说明京津冀规模以上工业创新更多地依赖于研发经费的投入。同时,发现京津冀区域政府支出、外商直接投资对规模以上工业企业创新有显著正向的影响,而人均GDP和国有成分占比均表现出了较为明显的负相关性。论文提出了进一步提高京津冀规模以上工业企业协同创新效率的建议。
The coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is one of the major national strategies for regional development in the new era,the key to which is improving the innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises in this region. Using SFA method,this paper measures the efficiency of technological innovation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the 2011-2015 panel data of input and output variables and environmental impact factors of technological innovation in above-scale industrial enterprises in districts of prefecture-level in this region. The results show that the overall technological innovation efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is relatively low,but the innovation efficiency of Hebei province is marginally higher than that of the average. The fund input of R&D has a greater positive impact on innovation efficiency than personnel input of R&D,suggesting that the above-scale industrial innovation is more dependent on capital investment in this region. Meanwhile,it is found that the government expenditure and foreign direct investment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have a significant positive impact on the innovation of above-scale industrial enterprises,while the GDP per capita and the proportion of state-owned components show a significant negative correlation. It also puts forward suggestions for further improvement of the collaborative innovation efficiency of above-scale industrial enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.
The coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is one of the major national strategies for regional development in the new era,the key to which is improving the innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises in this region. Using SFA method,this paper measures the efficiency of technological innovation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the 2011-2015 panel data of input and output variables and environmental impact factors of technological innovation in above-scale industrial enterprises in districts of prefecture-level in this region. The results show that the overall technological innovation efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is relatively low,but the innovation efficiency of Hebei province is marginally higher than that of the average. The fund input of R&D has a greater positive impact on innovation efficiency than personnel input of R&D,suggesting that the above-scale industrial innovation is more dependent on capital investment in this region. Meanwhile,it is found that the government expenditure and foreign direct investment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have a significant positive impact on the innovation of above-scale industrial enterprises,while the GDP per capita and the proportion of state-owned components show a significant negative correlation. It also puts forward suggestions for further improvement of the collaborative innovation efficiency of above-scale industrial enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.
引文
白俊红,蒋伏心.2011.考虑环境因素的区域创新效率研究---基于三阶段DEA方法[J].财贸经济(10):104-112.
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陈继勇,雷欣,胡艺.2014.知识溢出、自主创新能力与外商直接投资[J].理论月刊(6):30-42.
程慧平,万莉,黄炜,等.2015.中国省际R&D创新与转化效率实证研究[J].管理评论(4):29-37.
董晓庆,赵坚,袁朋伟.2014.国有企业创新效率损失研究[J].中国工业经济(2):97-108.
韩兆洲,马佳羽.2016.中国“一带一路”省市区域创新效率及空间效应[J].产经评论(2):110-119.
何枫,陈荣,何炼成.2004.SFA模型及其在我国技术效率测算中的应用[J].系统工程理论与实践(5):46-50.
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戚湧,郭逸.2015.基于SFA方法的科技资源市场配置效率评价[J].科研管理(3):84-91.23·
王锐淇,彭良涛,蒋宁.2010.基于SFA与Malmquist方法的区域技术创新效率测度与影响因素分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理(9):121-128.
姚洋,章奇.2001.中国工业企业技术效率分析[J].经济研究(10):13-19.
余冬筠,金祥荣.2014.创新主体的创新效率区域比较研究[J].科研管理(3):51-57.
张换兆,霍光峰,刘冠男.2011.京津冀区域科技创新比较的实证分析[J].科技进步与对策(2):43-48.
张满银,温世辉,韩大海.2011.基于官产学研合作的区域创新系统效率评价[J].科技进步与对策(11):130-133.
AIGNER D J,LOVEL K C A,SCHMIDT P.1977.Formulation and estimation of Stochastic Frontier Production Functions Models[J].Journal of Econometrics,6(1):21-37.
AMORNKITVIKAI Y,HARVIE C.2011.Finance,ownership,executive remuneration,and technical efficiency:a Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA)of Thai Listed Manufacturing Enterprises[J].Australasian Accounting Business&Finance Journal,5(1):35-55.
BATTESE G E,COELLI T J.1992.Frontier production functions,technical efficiency and panel data:with application to paddy farmers in India[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,3(1/2):153-169.
BATTESE G E,COELLI T J.1995.A model for technical in efficiency effects in a stochastic production frontier for panel data[J].Empirical Economic,20(1):325-332.
BATTESE G,CORRA G S.1997.Estimation of a Production Frontier Model:With application to the Pastoral Zone of Eastern Australia[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics,21(3):169-179.
CZARNITZKI D,LICHT G.2006.Additionality of public R&D grants in a transition economy[J].Economics of Transition,14(1):101-131.
SIMON-ELORZ K,ARCELUS F J,MELGAREJO Z.2017.A three-stage DEA-SFA efficiency analysis of labour-owned and mercantile firms[J].Journal of Industrial&Management Optimization,7(3):573-592.
白俊红.2011.中国的政府R&D资助有效吗?来自大中型工业企业的经验证据[J].经济学季刊(4):1375-1400.
陈继勇,雷欣,胡艺.2014.知识溢出、自主创新能力与外商直接投资[J].理论月刊(6):30-42.
程慧平,万莉,黄炜,等.2015.中国省际R&D创新与转化效率实证研究[J].管理评论(4):29-37.
董晓庆,赵坚,袁朋伟.2014.国有企业创新效率损失研究[J].中国工业经济(2):97-108.
韩兆洲,马佳羽.2016.中国“一带一路”省市区域创新效率及空间效应[J].产经评论(2):110-119.
何枫,陈荣,何炼成.2004.SFA模型及其在我国技术效率测算中的应用[J].系统工程理论与实践(5):46-50.
胡求光,李洪英.2011.R&D对技术效率的影响机制及其区域差异研究---基于长三角、珠三角和环渤海三大经济区的SFA经验分析[J].经济地理(1):26-31.
戚湧,郭逸.2015.基于SFA方法的科技资源市场配置效率评价[J].科研管理(3):84-91.23·
王锐淇,彭良涛,蒋宁.2010.基于SFA与Malmquist方法的区域技术创新效率测度与影响因素分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理(9):121-128.
姚洋,章奇.2001.中国工业企业技术效率分析[J].经济研究(10):13-19.
余冬筠,金祥荣.2014.创新主体的创新效率区域比较研究[J].科研管理(3):51-57.
张换兆,霍光峰,刘冠男.2011.京津冀区域科技创新比较的实证分析[J].科技进步与对策(2):43-48.
张满银,温世辉,韩大海.2011.基于官产学研合作的区域创新系统效率评价[J].科技进步与对策(11):130-133.
AIGNER D J,LOVEL K C A,SCHMIDT P.1977.Formulation and estimation of Stochastic Frontier Production Functions Models[J].Journal of Econometrics,6(1):21-37.
AMORNKITVIKAI Y,HARVIE C.2011.Finance,ownership,executive remuneration,and technical efficiency:a Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA)of Thai Listed Manufacturing Enterprises[J].Australasian Accounting Business&Finance Journal,5(1):35-55.
BATTESE G E,COELLI T J.1992.Frontier production functions,technical efficiency and panel data:with application to paddy farmers in India[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,3(1/2):153-169.
BATTESE G E,COELLI T J.1995.A model for technical in efficiency effects in a stochastic production frontier for panel data[J].Empirical Economic,20(1):325-332.
BATTESE G,CORRA G S.1997.Estimation of a Production Frontier Model:With application to the Pastoral Zone of Eastern Australia[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics,21(3):169-179.
CZARNITZKI D,LICHT G.2006.Additionality of public R&D grants in a transition economy[J].Economics of Transition,14(1):101-131.
SIMON-ELORZ K,ARCELUS F J,MELGAREJO Z.2017.A three-stage DEA-SFA efficiency analysis of labour-owned and mercantile firms[J].Journal of Industrial&Management Optimization,7(3):573-592.