长江三角洲城市群工业用水效率评价及时空差异研究
|
摘要
在水资源约束趋紧的背景下,选取长江三角洲城市群中26个城市2005～2014年的面板数据,运用SBM模型对工业用水效率进行测算,并基于可分解的泰尔指数分析长江三角洲城市群内部工业用水效率的空间差异。结果显示:(1)长江三角洲城市群工业用水效率水平整体偏低,在不考虑与考虑非期望产出的情况下,工业用水效率10a平均值分别为0. 591 8和0. 519 7;(2)工业用水效率的地区内部差异是造成总差异的主要部分,并且有随时间递增的趋势,其中安徽省对于地区内部差异的贡献率最大,其次为浙江省,江苏省贡献率最低;(3)江苏省各城市工业用水效率虽然差异不大但整体水平较低,而上海市工业用水效率较高并处于稳步上升状态。因此,缩小地区内部差异是实现长江三角洲城市群工业用水效率整体上升的重要途径。
In the context of tightening constraints on water resources,the panel data from 2005 to 2014 of 26 cities in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration is adopted,and SBM model is used to measure the industrial water use efficiency in this region. Then,the spatial differences of the industrial water use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration are analyzed by the decomposable Theil index. The results show that the industrial water use efficiency level of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration is low: the 10-years average industrial water use efficiency is 0. 591 8 when the undesirable outputs are not considered,and it is 0. 519 7 when the undesirable outputs are added. The within group difference of industrial water use efficiency is the main source of the total difference and it has the trend of increasing with time. The contribution rate of Zhejiang Province to the within group difference is the largest,followed by Anhui Province,and Jiangsu Province has the lowest contribution rate. Although the differences of industrial water use efficiency between the cities in Jiangsu Province is not very big,the overall level is still low,Shanghai's industrial water use efficiency is a little higher and on a steady rise. Therefore,narrowing the within group differences is an important way to realize the overall increase of industrial water efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration.
In the context of tightening constraints on water resources,the panel data from 2005 to 2014 of 26 cities in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration is adopted,and SBM model is used to measure the industrial water use efficiency in this region. Then,the spatial differences of the industrial water use efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration are analyzed by the decomposable Theil index. The results show that the industrial water use efficiency level of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration is low: the 10-years average industrial water use efficiency is 0. 591 8 when the undesirable outputs are not considered,and it is 0. 519 7 when the undesirable outputs are added. The within group difference of industrial water use efficiency is the main source of the total difference and it has the trend of increasing with time. The contribution rate of Zhejiang Province to the within group difference is the largest,followed by Anhui Province,and Jiangsu Province has the lowest contribution rate. Although the differences of industrial water use efficiency between the cities in Jiangsu Province is not very big,the overall level is still low,Shanghai's industrial water use efficiency is a little higher and on a steady rise. Therefore,narrowing the within group differences is an important way to realize the overall increase of industrial water efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration.
引文
[1]刘惠敏.长江三角洲城市群综合承载力的时空分异研究[J].中国软科学,2011(10):114-122.LIU H M.Global factor analysis and spatial differentiation study on comprehensive carrying capacity of urban agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta[J].China Soft Science,2011(10):114-122.
[2]LILIENFELD A,ASMILD M.Estimation of excess water use in irrigated agriculture:a data envelopment analysis approach[J].Agricultural Water Management,2007,94(1):73-82.
[3]HU J L,WANG S C,YEH F Y.Total-factor water efficiency o regions in China[J].Resources Policy,2006,31(4):217-230.
[4]ALI M K,KLEIN K K.Water use efficiency and productivity o the irrigation districts in Southern Alberta[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(10):2751-2766.
[5]石广明,王金南,毕军.基于莫氏指数的中国动态工业用水绩效分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2013,33(12):3237-3242.SHI G M,WANG J N,BI J.Dynamic performance analysis of China’s industrial water use based on the malmquist index[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2013,33(12):3237-3242.
[6]任俊霖,李浩,伍新木,等.长江经济带省会城市用水效率分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(5):101-107.REN J H,LI H,WU X M,et al.Analysis of water efficiency of capital cities in yangtze river economic belt in China[J].China Population Resources and Environment,2016,26(5):101-107.
[7]佟金萍,马剑锋,王圣,等.长江流域农业用水效率研究:基于超效率DEA和Tobit模型[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(4):603-608.TONG J P,MA J F,WANG S.Research on agricultural water use efficiency in Yangtze River Basin based on Super-efficiency DEA and Tobitmodel[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2015,24(4):603-608.
[8]汪克亮,刘悦,史利娟,等.长江经济带工业绿色水资源效率的时空分异与影响因素---基于EBM-Tobit模型的两阶段分析[J].资源科学,2017,39(8):1522-1534.WANG K L,LIU Y,SHI L J,et al.Yangtze river economic zone spatial and temporal disparities in industrial green water resource efficiency and influencing factors based on two-step analysis of EBM-Tobit Model[J].Resources Science,2017,39(8):1522-1534.
[9]雷玉桃,黄丽萍.中国工业用水效率及其影响因素的区域差异研究---基于SFA的省际面板数据[J].中国软科学,2015(4):155-164.LEI Y T,HUANG L P.Regional differences in industrial water consumption efficiency and its influencing factors for China’s major industrial provinces:a study of provincial panel data based on SFA[J].China Soft Science,2015(4):155-164.
[10]王有森,许皓,卞亦文.工业用水系统效率评价:考虑污染物可处理特性的两阶段DEA[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(3):169-176.WANG Y L,XU H,BIAN Y W.Industrial water use system efficiency evaluation:a two-stage DEA model considering pollutants disposability[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2016,24(3):169-176.
[11]胡彪,侯绍波.京津冀地区城市工业用水效率的时空差异性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(7):1-7.HU B,HOU S B.Temporal and spatial differences of urban industrial water consumption effic[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2016,30(7):1-7
[12]WANG Y,BIAN Y,XU H.Water use efficiency and related pollutants’abatement costs of regional industrial systems in China:a slacks-based measure approach[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2015,101:301-310.
[13]DENG G,LI L,SONG Y.Provincial water use efficiency measurement and factor analysis in China:Based on SBM-DEAmodel[J].Ecological Indicators,2016,69:12-18.
[14]CHARNES A,COOPER W W,RHODES E.Measuring the efficiency of decision making units[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1978,2(6):429-444.
[15]TONE K.A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2001,130(3):498-509.
[16]ZHOU P,ANG B W,POH K L.Measuring environmental performance under different environmental DEA technologies[J].Energy Economics,2008,30(1):1-14.
[17]CLARKE-SATHER A,QU J,WANG Q,et al.Carbon inequality at the sub-national scale:a case study of provincial-level inequality in CO2emissions in China 1997-2007[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(9):5420-5428.
[18]DURO J A,PADILLA E.International inequalities in per capita CO2emissions:a decomposition methodology by Kaya factors[J].Energy Economics,2006,28(2):170-187.
[2]LILIENFELD A,ASMILD M.Estimation of excess water use in irrigated agriculture:a data envelopment analysis approach[J].Agricultural Water Management,2007,94(1):73-82.
[3]HU J L,WANG S C,YEH F Y.Total-factor water efficiency o regions in China[J].Resources Policy,2006,31(4):217-230.
[4]ALI M K,KLEIN K K.Water use efficiency and productivity o the irrigation districts in Southern Alberta[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(10):2751-2766.
[5]石广明,王金南,毕军.基于莫氏指数的中国动态工业用水绩效分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2013,33(12):3237-3242.SHI G M,WANG J N,BI J.Dynamic performance analysis of China’s industrial water use based on the malmquist index[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2013,33(12):3237-3242.
[6]任俊霖,李浩,伍新木,等.长江经济带省会城市用水效率分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(5):101-107.REN J H,LI H,WU X M,et al.Analysis of water efficiency of capital cities in yangtze river economic belt in China[J].China Population Resources and Environment,2016,26(5):101-107.
[7]佟金萍,马剑锋,王圣,等.长江流域农业用水效率研究:基于超效率DEA和Tobit模型[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(4):603-608.TONG J P,MA J F,WANG S.Research on agricultural water use efficiency in Yangtze River Basin based on Super-efficiency DEA and Tobitmodel[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2015,24(4):603-608.
[8]汪克亮,刘悦,史利娟,等.长江经济带工业绿色水资源效率的时空分异与影响因素---基于EBM-Tobit模型的两阶段分析[J].资源科学,2017,39(8):1522-1534.WANG K L,LIU Y,SHI L J,et al.Yangtze river economic zone spatial and temporal disparities in industrial green water resource efficiency and influencing factors based on two-step analysis of EBM-Tobit Model[J].Resources Science,2017,39(8):1522-1534.
[9]雷玉桃,黄丽萍.中国工业用水效率及其影响因素的区域差异研究---基于SFA的省际面板数据[J].中国软科学,2015(4):155-164.LEI Y T,HUANG L P.Regional differences in industrial water consumption efficiency and its influencing factors for China’s major industrial provinces:a study of provincial panel data based on SFA[J].China Soft Science,2015(4):155-164.
[10]王有森,许皓,卞亦文.工业用水系统效率评价:考虑污染物可处理特性的两阶段DEA[J].中国管理科学,2016,24(3):169-176.WANG Y L,XU H,BIAN Y W.Industrial water use system efficiency evaluation:a two-stage DEA model considering pollutants disposability[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2016,24(3):169-176.
[11]胡彪,侯绍波.京津冀地区城市工业用水效率的时空差异性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(7):1-7.HU B,HOU S B.Temporal and spatial differences of urban industrial water consumption effic[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2016,30(7):1-7
[12]WANG Y,BIAN Y,XU H.Water use efficiency and related pollutants’abatement costs of regional industrial systems in China:a slacks-based measure approach[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2015,101:301-310.
[13]DENG G,LI L,SONG Y.Provincial water use efficiency measurement and factor analysis in China:Based on SBM-DEAmodel[J].Ecological Indicators,2016,69:12-18.
[14]CHARNES A,COOPER W W,RHODES E.Measuring the efficiency of decision making units[J].European Journal of Operational Research,1978,2(6):429-444.
[15]TONE K.A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2001,130(3):498-509.
[16]ZHOU P,ANG B W,POH K L.Measuring environmental performance under different environmental DEA technologies[J].Energy Economics,2008,30(1):1-14.
[17]CLARKE-SATHER A,QU J,WANG Q,et al.Carbon inequality at the sub-national scale:a case study of provincial-level inequality in CO2emissions in China 1997-2007[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(9):5420-5428.
[18]DURO J A,PADILLA E.International inequalities in per capita CO2emissions:a decomposition methodology by Kaya factors[J].Energy Economics,2006,28(2):170-187.