金属材料内部缺陷精确工业CT测量方法
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摘要
利用图像点扩散函数(PSF)近似计算法建立线阵探测器工业CT金属材料X射线衰减测量模型,并利用该测量模型对垂直于X射线平面边界灰度幅值进行数值计算,获得当前PSF曲线。在此基础上,建立基于近似PSF曲线的缺陷检测理论模型,并对缺陷进行定量检测分析。采用高能6MeV工业CT线阵探测器系统,对含有人工缺陷的不锈钢试块进行缺陷检测试验。结果表明:相比于传统半高宽缺陷测量方法,本实验方法在缺陷定量检测精度上有较大提高,从而为提升金属材料内部缺陷的定量检测水平提供新的方法和技术途径。
The model of CT measurement for X-ray attenuation in metallic materials was established by using image Point Spread function(PSF)approximation,the numerical calculation on the gray scale amplitude perpendicular to the X-ray plane boundary was conducted by the measurement model,and the PSF curve was drawn.On this basis,the defects' quantitative evaluation model was presented according to the PSF curve for defects quantitative evaluation.The stainless steel sample containing artificial defects was analyzed by using the high-energy 6 MeV industrial CT linear array detector system.The result shows that,compared with the traditional half-width defects measuring method,this method improves the accuracy of defects quantitative evaluation.This method provides a new and effective tool for high performance of quantitative evaluation on the defects in metallic materials.
The model of CT measurement for X-ray attenuation in metallic materials was established by using image Point Spread function(PSF)approximation,the numerical calculation on the gray scale amplitude perpendicular to the X-ray plane boundary was conducted by the measurement model,and the PSF curve was drawn.On this basis,the defects' quantitative evaluation model was presented according to the PSF curve for defects quantitative evaluation.The stainless steel sample containing artificial defects was analyzed by using the high-energy 6 MeV industrial CT linear array detector system.The result shows that,compared with the traditional half-width defects measuring method,this method improves the accuracy of defects quantitative evaluation.This method provides a new and effective tool for high performance of quantitative evaluation on the defects in metallic materials.
引文
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[22]GB/T 29067-2012,损检测工业计算机层析成像(CT)图像测量方法[S].(GB/T 29067-2012.Non-destructive testing—Test method for measuring industrial computed tomography(CT)image)
[23]齐子诚,倪培君,沈建云,等.基于中心距像素标定的工业CT尺寸测量方法[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2017,40(5):122-126.(Qi Zicheng,Ni Peijun,Shen Jianyun,et al.Industrial CT dimension measurement method based on center-to-pixel calibration.Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2017,40(5):122-126)
[24]Carton A K,Vandenbroucke D,Struye L,et al.Validation of MTF measurement for digital mammography quality control[J].Med Phys,2005,32(6):1684-1695.
[25]Maidment A D A,Albert M.Conditioning data for calculation of the modulation transfer function[J].Med Phys,2003,30(2):248-253.
[26]Greer P B,Doorn V T.Evaluation of an algorithm for the assessment of the MTF using an edge method[J].Med Phys,2000,27(9):2048-2059.
[2]Jiang H.Computed tomography:Principle,design,artifacts and recent advances[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006:1-71.
[3]ISO/FDIS 15708-1,Non-destructive testing—Radiation methods—Computed tomography.Part 1:Principles[S].
[4]徐留根,彭春增,全建龙,等.工业CT在航空机载传感器可靠性提升中的应用[J].传感器与微系统,2016,35(10):158-160.(Xu Liugen,Peng Chunzeng,Quan Jianlong,et al.Applications of industrial CT in reliability improvement of airborne sensors.Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2016,35(10):158-160)
[5]肖永顺.工业CT在3D打印领域的新应用[C]//2014年全国射线数字成像与CT新技术研讨会论文集.2014:5.(Xiao Yongshun.Application of 3Dprinting technology in the field of CT technology//Proceedings of National Symposium on Radiographic Digital Imaging and CT Technology in 2014.2014:5)
[6]高玉玲,瑞睿,宋丽君,等.工业CT技术在弹药装药密度差测量中的应用[J].无损检测,2014,36(4):14-19,25.(Gao Yuling,Rui Rui,Song Lijun,et al.Application of the industrial CT technology in the ammunition charge density difference measurement.Nondestructive Testing,2014,36(4):14-19,25)
[7]方黎勇,李柏林,李辉,等.工业CT在反求工程上的应用[J].强激光与粒子束,2013,25(7):1620-1624.(Fang Liyong,Li Bolin,Li Hui,et al.Application of industrial CT in reverse engineering technology.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2013,25(7):1620-1624)
[8]Bartscher M,Neukamm M,Koch M,et al.Dimensional control of technical components with computed tomography[C]//Metrology and Industry Int,Conf.2010:17-19.
[9]Bartscher M,Hilpert U,Fiedler D.Determination of the measurement uncertainty of computed tomography measurements using a cylinder head as an example[J].Technisches Messen,2008,75(3):178-186.
[10]Batenburg K J,Sijbers J.Adaptive thresholding of tomograms by projection distance minimization[J].Pattern Recognition,2009,42(10):2297-2305.
[11]朱磊.自适应阈值分割技术及在工业视觉检测中的应用[D].无锡:江南大学,2014:19-29.(Zhu Lei.Adaptive threshold segmentation and its application in industrial visual inspection.Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2014:19-29)
[12]陈培兴,王明泉,李世虎.基于形态学和Otsu的固体火箭发动机CT缺陷三维分割[J].图学学报,2015,36(4):581-586.(Chen Pei xing,Wang Mingquan,Li Shihu.3DCT defects segmentation of solid rocket motor based on the morphology and Otsu.Journal of Graphics,2015,36(4):581-586)
[13]Bhowmik U K,Mandala D,Hudyma N W,et al.Segmentation of cracks in X-ray CT images of tested macroporous plaster specimens[C]//2014Proceedings of IEEE Southeast Conference at Griffin Gate Marriot Resort&Spa.New York:IEEE Prees,2014:1-8.
[14]吴永超.C-V方法在CT图像弱边缘检测中的应用研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2013:28-39.(Wu Yongchao.Application research on weak edge detection of image based on C-V model method.Chongqing:Chongqing University,2013:28-39)
[15]徐维.工业CT图像弱边缘检测方法研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012:51-67.(Xu Wei.Study on weak edge detection of industrial CT image.Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012:51-67)
[16]黄朕,高富强,郑忠义,等.模糊理论改进算法的CT图像弱边缘检测[J].强激光与粒子束,2014,26:059001.(Huang Zhen,Gao Fuqiang,Zheng Zhongyi,et al.Weak edge detection of CT image based on improved algorithm of fuzzy theory.High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2014,26:059001)
[17]吴平,潘晋孝,刘宾.CT图像边缘退化模型的建立及其在图像尺寸测量中的应用[J].光学精密工程,2009,17(9):2269-2275.(Wu Ping,Pan Jinxiao,Liu Bin.Computed tomography image edge degradation model and its application to image size measurement.Optics and Precision Engineering,2009,17(9):2269-2275)
[18]戚世乐,王美清.自适应分割弱边缘的活动轮廓模型[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2013,43(6):17-21.(Qi Shile,Wang Meiqing.Adaptive active contour model for weak boundary extraction.Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2013,43(6):17-21)
[19]Licm,Xu C Y,Gui C F,et al.Level set evolution without re-initialization:a new variational formulation[C]//Proceedings of 2005IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.San Diego:IEEE CS,2005:430-436.
[20]李钦弟,蔡利栋.一种基于非线性灰度变换的弱边缘检测方法[J].中国体视觉与图像分析,2011,16(3):232-236.(Li Qindi,Cai Lidong.A weak edge detection method based on nonlinear transform of gray levels.Chinese Journal of Stereology and Image Analysis,2011,16(3):232-236)
[21]张祥春,张鹭,王俊涛.工业CT技术在航空发动机单晶叶片壁厚测量中的应用[J].无损检测,2015,37(2):20-22.(Zhang Xiangchun,Zhang Lu,Wang Juntao.The application of industrial CT technology in the aero-engine single crystal blades for wall thickness measurement.Nondestructive Testing,2015,37(2):20-22)
[22]GB/T 29067-2012,损检测工业计算机层析成像(CT)图像测量方法[S].(GB/T 29067-2012.Non-destructive testing—Test method for measuring industrial computed tomography(CT)image)
[23]齐子诚,倪培君,沈建云,等.基于中心距像素标定的工业CT尺寸测量方法[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2017,40(5):122-126.(Qi Zicheng,Ni Peijun,Shen Jianyun,et al.Industrial CT dimension measurement method based on center-to-pixel calibration.Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2017,40(5):122-126)
[24]Carton A K,Vandenbroucke D,Struye L,et al.Validation of MTF measurement for digital mammography quality control[J].Med Phys,2005,32(6):1684-1695.
[25]Maidment A D A,Albert M.Conditioning data for calculation of the modulation transfer function[J].Med Phys,2003,30(2):248-253.
[26]Greer P B,Doorn V T.Evaluation of an algorithm for the assessment of the MTF using an edge method[J].Med Phys,2000,27(9):2048-2059.