武汉市社区护士工作场所暴力现状及影响因素
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摘要
目的了解武汉市社区护士工作场所暴力现状并对其影响因素进行分析。方法采用方便抽样法,于2017年5—7月运用医院工作场所暴力调查表对武汉市13所社区卫生服务中心的163名护士进行调查。结果 163名社区护士在过去12个月中遭受工作场所暴力发生率为62.6%,发生率由高到低依次为语言攻击、威胁、躯体攻击、性骚扰。其中,50.9%的发生在白班;63.6%的施暴者为患者家属;发生暴力事件后护士感到委屈(76.1%)、感到气愤(59.2%)和工作热情下降(49.8%);81.8%的护士认为"工作场所暴力"在护理工作中不可避免;43.6%的护士认为医院处理得力;Logistic回归分析显示,职务和职称是影响社区护士遭受工作场所暴力的主要因素。结论社区护士遭受工作场所暴力发生率较高,需从政府、社区医院、护士个人3方面共同行动,针对社区工作场所暴力发生的特征采取相应措施,才能降低社区护士工作场所暴力发生率。
[Objective]To understand the current status of violence in community nurses' workplace in Wuhan City, and analyze its influencing factors. [Methods] Using convenient sampling method, 163 nurses in 13 community health service centers in Wuhan City were investigated from May-July 2017 using the questionnaire of violence in the workplace of hospitals.[Results]The rate of workplace violence suffered by 163 community nurses in the past 12 months was 62.6%, followed by verbal assault,threat, physical assault and sexual harassment from high to low. Among them, 50.9% occurred in the day shift, 63.6% of the perpetrators were family members of the patients. Nurses felt aggrieved(76.1%), angry(59.2%) and decreased work enthusiasm(49.8%) after the violence. 81.8% of nurses believed that "workplace violence" was inevitable in nursing work. 43.6% of nurses thought the hospital had handled them well. Logistic regression analysis showed that job title and professional title were the main factors influencing community nurses' exposure to workplace violence.[Conclusion] Community nurses suffer from a high incidence of workplace violence. The government, community hospitals and individual nurses should take joint actions to take corresponding measures, according to the characteristics of violence in the community workplace, so as to reduce the incidence of violence in the community nurses' workplace.
[Objective]To understand the current status of violence in community nurses' workplace in Wuhan City, and analyze its influencing factors. [Methods] Using convenient sampling method, 163 nurses in 13 community health service centers in Wuhan City were investigated from May-July 2017 using the questionnaire of violence in the workplace of hospitals.[Results]The rate of workplace violence suffered by 163 community nurses in the past 12 months was 62.6%, followed by verbal assault,threat, physical assault and sexual harassment from high to low. Among them, 50.9% occurred in the day shift, 63.6% of the perpetrators were family members of the patients. Nurses felt aggrieved(76.1%), angry(59.2%) and decreased work enthusiasm(49.8%) after the violence. 81.8% of nurses believed that "workplace violence" was inevitable in nursing work. 43.6% of nurses thought the hospital had handled them well. Logistic regression analysis showed that job title and professional title were the main factors influencing community nurses' exposure to workplace violence.[Conclusion] Community nurses suffer from a high incidence of workplace violence. The government, community hospitals and individual nurses should take joint actions to take corresponding measures, according to the characteristics of violence in the community workplace, so as to reduce the incidence of violence in the community nurses' workplace.
引文
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[2]陶惠,林平,王慧,等.护士工作场所暴力与应对的研究进展[J].中华现代护理杂志,2016,22(7):1029-1032.
[3]陆红,童玉芬.门诊护士工作场所暴力调查与分析[J].护理管理杂志,2012,12(11):791-793.
[4]孟红燕,王海芳,林璐,等.苏州综合医院护士遭受工作场所暴力的调查[J].中华现代护理杂志,2013,19(3):254-258.
[5]刘进,祝筠,张玉曼,等.儿科门诊护士遭受工作场所暴力现状及影响因素分析[J].中国护理管理,2013,13(1):40-43.
[6]郑慧芳,曹新妹,姜海涛,等.遭受工作场所暴力的精神科护士心理状况调查[J].精神医学杂志,2013,26(3):183-185.
[7]张秀平.社区护患关系的探讨[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(12):298-299.
[8]郭燕红.推进分级诊疗,构建连续健康服务[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(1):1-5.
[9]陈祖辉.广州市医院工作场所暴力流行病学研究[D].广州:南方医科大学,2011:1-100.
[10]陈丽云,陈娇燕,王玲,等.抽血室护士遭受工作场所暴力的现状调查[J].海南医学,2014(11):1693-1695.
[11]王小芳,祝翠霞,潘红英,等.基层医院护士遭受工作场所暴力现状及应对方式的调查分析[J].护理与康复,2016,15(4):320-324.
[12]石磊,哈敏,孙涛,等.县级医院护士遭受工作场所暴力的现状及危险因素分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(5):592-594.
[13]余艳,隋树杰.哈尔滨市护士工作场所暴力发生现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2015,30(12):1-5.
[14]郭燕红.推进分级诊疗,构建连续健康服务[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(1):1-5.
[15]赵鑫,陈冬勤,唐兆芳,等.苏州地区三级综合医院护士遭受工作场所暴力的现状调查[J].中华现代护理杂志,2012,18(5):505-508.
[16]陶玉秀,梁晓燕.临床护士遭受工作场所暴力的相关研究进展[J].护理管理杂志,2016,16(12):883-885.
[17]胥玉萍,曹益萍,吴青.社区护士职责定位的探讨[J].上海医药,2015,36(20):7-10.