考虑材料非均匀性的Oyuk坝静动破坏模式分析与安全度评价
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摘要
Oyuk坝是世界上仅有的两座百米级硬填料坝之一。在宏观均质假定的基础上考虑硬填料较为明显的细观非均匀性的影响,基于损伤本构模型对Oyuk坝在正常运行工况以及地震工况下的大坝工作性态进行了分析,采用水荷载与地震荷载超载法,探讨了Oyuk坝在静动条件下的破坏模式与安全度,并与弹塑性本构模型的计算结果进行了对比。研究结果表明:在正常运行工况以及OBE地震工况中,Oyuk坝基本全断面受压,坝体强度安全系数与抗滑稳定系数均较高,坝体基本处于弹性工作状态;大坝存在静力整体失稳的破坏模式,但对水荷载的超载安全度高,且抗震性能好;采用考虑细观非均匀性的损伤本构模型所得大坝的破坏过程与破坏形态比弹塑性模型的模拟结果更贴近实际。
Oyuk dam is one of the only two hardfill dams with the height of more than 100 m in the world. The obvious heterogeneity of hardfill material on microscopic level had been taken into consideration based on the macrohomogeneity assumption. The working behaviors of Oyuk dam under normal operation condition and earthquake condition were analyzed by using damage FEM. The failure modes and structural safety of dam under static and seismic conditions were explored in the presnce of water overload and seismic over load,and the results were compared with that obtained from elastic-plastic constitutive model. The results show that the whole profile of dam body is almost compressed under the conditions of normal operation and operation basis earthquake( OBE). The dam owns high strength and anti-sliding safety factors and is basically in an elastic working state. The failure mode of Oyuk dam is mostly integral sliding in static condition,but the dam is proved to possess high overload safety for waterload and strong earthquake-resistance. The dam's failure process and failure modes analyzed by the damage constitutive model in consideration of material heterogeneity is more in conformity with the actual situation than that analyzed by elastic-plastic constitutive model.
Oyuk dam is one of the only two hardfill dams with the height of more than 100 m in the world. The obvious heterogeneity of hardfill material on microscopic level had been taken into consideration based on the macrohomogeneity assumption. The working behaviors of Oyuk dam under normal operation condition and earthquake condition were analyzed by using damage FEM. The failure modes and structural safety of dam under static and seismic conditions were explored in the presnce of water overload and seismic over load,and the results were compared with that obtained from elastic-plastic constitutive model. The results show that the whole profile of dam body is almost compressed under the conditions of normal operation and operation basis earthquake( OBE). The dam owns high strength and anti-sliding safety factors and is basically in an elastic working state. The failure mode of Oyuk dam is mostly integral sliding in static condition,but the dam is proved to possess high overload safety for waterload and strong earthquake-resistance. The dam's failure process and failure modes analyzed by the damage constitutive model in consideration of material heterogeneity is more in conformity with the actual situation than that analyzed by elastic-plastic constitutive model.
引文
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[2]BATMAZ S,KKSAL A,ERGENEMAN I,et al.Design of the 100m-high Oyuk Hardfill Dam[J].International Journal on Hydropower and Dams,2003,10(5):138-142.
[3]何蕴龙,彭云枫,熊堃.Hardfill坝筑坝材料工程特性分析[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2007,5(4):1-6.(HE Yun-long,PENG Yun-feng,XIONG Kun.Analysis of Material Property of Hardfill Dam[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2007,5(4):1-6.(in Chinese))
[4]陆述远,唐新军.一种新坝型——面板胶结堆石坝简介[J].长江科学院院报,1998,15(2):54-56.(LU Shu-yuan,TANG Xin-jun.Brief Introduction to A New Type of Dam Called Face-Plate-Cementing Rockfill Dam[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Insti-tute,1998,15(2):54-56.(in Chinese))
[5]唐春安,朱万成.混凝土损伤与断裂数值试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:120-145.(TANG Chunan,ZHU Wan-cheng.Numerical Damage and Fracture of Concrete[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:120-145.(in Chinese))
[6]ZHU W C,TANG C A.Numerical Simulation on Shear Fracture Process of Concrete Using Mesoscopic Mechanical Model[J].Construction and Building Materials,2002,16(8):453-463.
[7]钟红,林皋,李建波,等.高拱坝地震损伤破坏的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2008,39(7):848-853.(ZHONG Hong,LIN Gao,LI Jian-bo,et al.Numerical Simulation of Damage in High Arch Dam Due to Earthquake[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,39(7):848-853.(in Chinese))
[8]XIONG Kun,WENG Yong-hong,HE Yun-long.Seismic Failure Modes and Seismic Safety of Hardfill Dam[J].Water Science and Engineering,2013,6(2):199-214.
[9]MAZARS J.Application de la Mecanique de Lendnnag Emment an Comportememt non Lineaire de Structure[D].Paris:University of Paris,1984.
[10]熊堃.Hardfill坝破坏模式与破坏机理研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2011.(XIONG Kun.Study on Failure Modes and Mechanisms of Hardfill Dam[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2011.(in Chinese))
[11]BAZANT Z P.Random Particle Model for Fracture of Aggregate or Fiber Composites[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1990,116(8):1686-1705.
[12]熊堃,何蕴龙,陈涛.百米级硬填料坝结构安全度分析[J].人民长江,2012,43(2):74-77,82.(XIONG Kun,HE Yun-long,CHEN Tao.Structural Safety Analysis of a 100m Level Hardfill Dam[J].Yangtze River,2012,43(2):74-77,82.(in Chinese))