摘要
针对深松作业阻力大、功耗高的问题,基于滑切理论设计了1种具有凸圆弧形滑切刃的深松铲尖,建立了深松作业过程中,铲尖上表面滑切刃与土壤的切削模型,分析了刀片受力情况,并依据滑切产生因素,推导出刀片刃口曲线表达式。田间试验表明:拖拉机前进速度为4.1 km/h,深松铲耕作深度为250 mm时,凸圆弧形滑切刃深松铲牵引阻力较国标深松铲的牵引阻力平均下降12.08%,达到了降低深松作业阻力的目的。
Considering the problem of large resistance and high power consumption for subsoiling operation, a deepshovel tip with convex and cutting edge is designed based on sliding cutting theory. The cutting model of the convex and sliding deep-shovel tip is established during the subsoiling operation. The force condition of the blade is analyzed, and the expression of blade edge curve is deduced based on the factors of sliding cutting. Field experiments show that when the speed of the tractor is 4.1 km/h and the subsoiling depth is 250 mm, traction resistance of convex and sliding deep-shovel decreased by 12.08 % than that of standard deep-shovel, which can reduce the resistance of subsoiling.
引文
[1]熊波,杨立国,李传友,闫子双.土壤深松应用推广试验[J].农业工程,2013,3(S2):85-90+94.
[2]闫宝生.机械化保护性耕作深松机具的研究现状与展望[J].科技情报开发与经济,2004,14(4):115-116.
[3]翟振.犁底层对作物生产与环境效应的影响及其机制研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2017.
[4]Zhang H,Araya K,Kudoh M,et al.An explosive subsoiler for the improvement of meadow soil,Part1:Thermodynamics[J].Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research,2000,75(2):209-219.
[5]Larson D L,Clyma H E.Electro-osmosis effectiveness in reducing tillage draft force and energy requirements[J].Trans of the ASAE,1995,38(5):1281-1288
[6]左胜甲,孔德刚,陈海霞,等.基于气压劈裂原理的气压深松机设计[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(4):5-10.
[7]Sakai K,Hata S I.Design Parameters of Fourshank Vibrating Subsoiler[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1993,36(1):23-26.
[8]Tong J,Ren L,Chen B,et al.Characteristics of adhesion between soil and solid surfaces[J].Journal of Terramechanics,1994,31(2):93-105.
[9]张金波.深松铲减阻耐磨仿生理论与技术[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.
[10]贾洪雷,王万鹏,陈志,等.农业机械触土部件优化研究现状与展望[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(7):1-13.
[11]田丽梅,任露泉,韩志武,等.仿生非光滑表面脱附与减阻技术在工程上的应用[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(3):138-142.
[12]贾洪雷,郑嘉鑫,袁洪方,等.仿形滑刀式开沟器设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(4):16-24.
[13]庞声海.关于滑切理论与滑切角的选用[J].华中农学院学报,1982(2):64-69.
[14]贺强.农作物秸秆超细颗粒制备装备研究[D].上海:上海工程技术大学,2016.
[15]吴良军,杨洲,段洁利,等.龙眼树枝修剪机具刀片切割力的影响因素试验[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(24):8-14.
[16]曾德超.机械土壤动力学[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1995.
[17]郑侃,何进,李洪文,等.基于离散元深松土壤模型的折线破土刃深松铲研究[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(9):62-72.
[18]Gill W R.Soil dynamics in tillage and traction:Agricultural Handbook[M]//Washington D C,US:Government Printing Office,1967:512.
[19]顾耀权,贾洪雷,郭慧,等.滑刀式开沟器设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(2):38-42.
[20]西涅阿科夫гн,潘诺夫им.土壤耕作机械的理论和计算[M].北京:中国农业机械出版社,1981.
[21]李玲玲.基于离散元法的弧形深松铲工作过程仿真分析[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2013.
[22]李伟.分层深松对土壤扰动的影响研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.
[23]王燕.基于离散元法的深松铲结构与松土效果研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2014.
[24]寻怀义.滑切理论探讨[J].农业机械学报,1979(4):107-111.
[25]全国农业机械标准化技术委员会.深松铲和深松铲柄,JB/T9788-1999[S].北京;中国标准出版社,1999:2-6.
[26]黄玉祥,杭程光,苑梦婵,等.深松土壤扰动行为的离散元仿真与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(7):80-88.