大型浅埋隧道爆破工程安全管理模式
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摘要
从中国大连地铁1、2号线建设的实际情况出发,介绍了一种大型浅埋隧道爆破工程安全管理模式。首先结合线路分布图对重大风险源进行识别、重点控制;然后从技术层面上进行施工前爆破安全论证评估;同时采用专家咨询或现场指导的方式动态解决了工程遇到的难题。为了将爆破振动速度的控制引入爆破振动监测体系,针对爆破施工的特殊性,制定了爆破施工安全管理细则。经过四年的工程实践,爆破安全管理问题得到了很好的控制,该安全管理模式可为未来城市浅埋轨道交通及相关工程提供参考。
Based on the actual construction of Line 1and Line 2of Dalian Metro in China,one safety management mode for large-scale and shallow-buried tunnel blasting engineering was introduced.Firstly,the significant risk source in combination with the line distribution diagram should be identified and controlled specially,and then preconstruction blasting safety was demonstrated and evaluated from the technical level.Expert consultation and field guidance were adopted to dynamically solve the problems encountered in engineering.For the control of blast vibration velocity,the blasting construction safety management rules regarding the particularity of blasting construction were developed.After four years of engineering practice,the blasting safety management issues had been well controlled,which proved that this management mode was worth of being learned by future urban shallow-buried rail transport and related projects.
Based on the actual construction of Line 1and Line 2of Dalian Metro in China,one safety management mode for large-scale and shallow-buried tunnel blasting engineering was introduced.Firstly,the significant risk source in combination with the line distribution diagram should be identified and controlled specially,and then preconstruction blasting safety was demonstrated and evaluated from the technical level.Expert consultation and field guidance were adopted to dynamically solve the problems encountered in engineering.For the control of blast vibration velocity,the blasting construction safety management rules regarding the particularity of blasting construction were developed.After four years of engineering practice,the blasting safety management issues had been well controlled,which proved that this management mode was worth of being learned by future urban shallow-buried rail transport and related projects.
引文
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[2]国家安全生产监督管理总局.爆破安全规程:GB 6722-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:96-97.State Administration of Work Safety.Safety regulations for blasting:GB 6722-2014[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2014:96-97.
[3]WU Y K,HAO H,ZHOU Y X,et al.Propagation characteristics of blast-induced shock waves in a jointed rock mass[J].Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng,1998(17):407-412.
[4]REN C X.Discussion on two important steps in the management of long-distance hydraulic tunnel blasting construction[J].Jilin Water Resources,2012(2):20.
[5]中华人民共和国国务院.民用爆炸物品安全管理条例(国务院653号令)[Z].北京:中国法制出版社,2014.The Decree of the State Council of the People's Republic of China(No 653rd).Regulations on safety management of Civil Explosives of China[Z].Beijing:China Law Press,2014.
[6]KIM D S,LEE J S.Propagation and attenuation characteristics of various ground vibrations[J].Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng,2000(19):115-126.
[7]YAN H H,WANG X H.City shallow-buried tunnel blasting principle and design[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2013:126.
[8]表永一,肖昆明,文成立.爆破施工现场安全管理工作的几点体会[J].爆破,2010,27(2):109-111.BIAO Y Y,XIAO K M,WEN C L.Experience of site safety management of blasting engineering[J].Blasting,2010,27(2):109-111.
[9]张万营.浅谈爆破施工过程安全管理[J].山西建筑,2009,35(10):220-221.ZHANG W Y.On safety management in blasting construction process[J].Shanxi Architecture,2009,35(10):220-221.
[10]吴宁海,刘涛.爆破工程安全管理[J].铁道建筑,2009(4):130-132.WU N H,LIU T.Safety management of blasting engineering[J].Railway Engineering,2009(4):130-132.