振动形式对水稻脱出物界面粘附规律的影响
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摘要
针对水稻联合收割机清选作业过程中筛面粘附、堵塞的问题,搭建了直线振动、圆弧振动和往复抖动3种振动原理试验台,开展了不同振动形式下水稻脱出物中易粘成分的界面粘附规律对比研究。研究发现,振动时间超过15 s时,3种振动形式工作面上粘附物质量基本保持稳定;在10～30 mm振幅区间内,3种振动形式工作面通过增大振幅可以有效减少粘附物质量;在2～3.5 Hz振频区间内,3种振动形式工作面通过增大振频可以快速减少粘附物质量;直线振动工作面中心加速度峰值要明显高于圆弧振动和往复抖动,直线振动工作面脱附效果最好;试验因素对直线振动工作面脱附性能的影响由主到次依次为振幅、振频、振动时间,试验因素对圆弧振动工作面和往复抖动工作面脱附性能的影响由主到次依次为振频、振幅、振动时间。
During cleaning process of rice combine,the rice threshed mixtures could adhere to or block the sieve surface. In order to study the interface adhesion law of rice threshed mixtures under different vibration modes,three modes of vibration test bench were designed,including linear vibration,circular arc vibration and jitter. The adhesive mass on working face under three vibration modes kept stable when the vibration time exceeded 15 s. When the vibration amplitude was increased from 10 mm to 30 mm,the adhesive mass on the working face under three vibration modes was effectively reduced. As the vibration frequency was increased from 2 Hz to 3.5 Hz,the adhesive mass on the working face under three vibration modes was quickly reduced. The acceleration peak value of linear vibration working face was obviously higher than that of circular arc vibration and jitter. The linear vibration working face has the best anti-adhesion effect. The influences of test factors on the anti-adhesion capabilities of linear vibration working face in descending order are amplitude,frequency and vibration time. The influence of test factors on the anti-adhesion capabilities of circular arc vibration and jitter working face in descending order are frequency,amplitude and vibration time.
During cleaning process of rice combine,the rice threshed mixtures could adhere to or block the sieve surface. In order to study the interface adhesion law of rice threshed mixtures under different vibration modes,three modes of vibration test bench were designed,including linear vibration,circular arc vibration and jitter. The adhesive mass on working face under three vibration modes kept stable when the vibration time exceeded 15 s. When the vibration amplitude was increased from 10 mm to 30 mm,the adhesive mass on the working face under three vibration modes was effectively reduced. As the vibration frequency was increased from 2 Hz to 3.5 Hz,the adhesive mass on the working face under three vibration modes was quickly reduced. The acceleration peak value of linear vibration working face was obviously higher than that of circular arc vibration and jitter. The linear vibration working face has the best anti-adhesion effect. The influences of test factors on the anti-adhesion capabilities of linear vibration working face in descending order are amplitude,frequency and vibration time. The influence of test factors on the anti-adhesion capabilities of circular arc vibration and jitter working face in descending order are frequency,amplitude and vibration time.
引文
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[5]徐立章,马征,李耀明.激光改形油菜清选筛面基体浸润特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(增刊):168-171.Xu Li-zhang,Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming.Wettability of rape cleaning screen surface by laser-textured[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(Sup.):168-171.
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[10]李耀明,马征,徐立章.油菜混合物与仿生筛面基体间的粘附特性[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(2):75-78.Li Yao-ming,Ma Zheng,Xu Li-zhang.Adhesion property between rape mixture and bionic screen matrix[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(2):75-78.
[11]Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming,Xu Li-zhang.Theoretical analysis of micro-vibration between a high moisture content rape stalk and a non-smooth surface of a reciprocating metal cleaning screen matrix[J].Biosystems Engineering,2015,129:258-267.
[12]马征,李耀明,徐立章.仿生非光滑筛面近筛层微观气流场研究[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(增刊):74-77.Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming,Xu Li-zhang.Micro flow field on adjacent screen of bionic nonsmooth cleaning screen[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(Sup.):74-77.
[13]王志华,陈翠英.基于ADAMS的联合收割机振动筛虚拟设计[J].农业机械学报,2003,34(4):53-56.Wang Zhi-hua,Chen Cui-ying.Virtual design of vibrating sieve of combine harvester based on ADAMS[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2003,34(4):53-56.
[14]焦红光.振动筛分过程解析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2008.
[15]闻邦椿,刘树英.现在振动筛分技术及设备设计[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.
[16]李宝筏.农业机械学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[17]GB/T5262-2008,农业机械试验条件、测定方法的一般规定[S].
[2]彭卫东.水稻插秧技术及其推广[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2009.
[3]苏天生,韩增德,崔俊伟,等.谷物联合收割机清选装置研究现状及发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2016(2):611.Su Tiansheng,Han Zengde,Cui Junwei,et al.Research status and development trend of cleaning unit of cereal combine harvesters[J].Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2016(2):611.
[4]陈义.联合收获机清选损失监测方法与装置研究[D].镇江:江苏大学农业装备工程学院,2013.Chen Yi.Study on the monitoring method and device for cleaning loss of combine harvester[D].Zhenjiang:School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering,Jiangsu University,2013.
[5]徐立章,马征,李耀明.激光改形油菜清选筛面基体浸润特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(增刊):168-171.Xu Li-zhang,Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming.Wettability of rape cleaning screen surface by laser-textured[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(Sup.):168-171.
[6]马征,李耀明,徐立章.收获期油菜茎秆表面浸润特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(6):98-103.Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming,Xu Li-zhang.Wetting property of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)stalk surface[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(6):98-103.
[7]马征,李耀明,徐立章.油菜脱出物漂浮速度及摩擦与浸润特性的测定与分析[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(9):13-17.Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming,Xu Li-zhang.Testing and analysis on rape excursion components characteristics in floating,friction and wettability[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2011,27(9):13-17.
[8]陈翠英,王志华,李青林.油菜脱出物物理机械特性及振动筛参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(3):60-64.Chen Cui-ying,Wang Zhi-hua,Li Qing-lin.Mechanophysical properties of rape extractives and parametrical optimization of vibration seive[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(3):60-64.
[9]李耀明,马征,徐立章.油菜联合收获机筛面粘附物摩擦特性[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(12):54-57.Li Yao-ming,Ma Zheng,Xu Li-zhang.Tribological characteristics of adhesive materials on cleaning sieve of rape combine harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(12):54-57.
[10]李耀明,马征,徐立章.油菜混合物与仿生筛面基体间的粘附特性[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(2):75-78.Li Yao-ming,Ma Zheng,Xu Li-zhang.Adhesion property between rape mixture and bionic screen matrix[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(2):75-78.
[11]Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming,Xu Li-zhang.Theoretical analysis of micro-vibration between a high moisture content rape stalk and a non-smooth surface of a reciprocating metal cleaning screen matrix[J].Biosystems Engineering,2015,129:258-267.
[12]马征,李耀明,徐立章.仿生非光滑筛面近筛层微观气流场研究[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(增刊):74-77.Ma Zheng,Li Yao-ming,Xu Li-zhang.Micro flow field on adjacent screen of bionic nonsmooth cleaning screen[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(Sup.):74-77.
[13]王志华,陈翠英.基于ADAMS的联合收割机振动筛虚拟设计[J].农业机械学报,2003,34(4):53-56.Wang Zhi-hua,Chen Cui-ying.Virtual design of vibrating sieve of combine harvester based on ADAMS[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2003,34(4):53-56.
[14]焦红光.振动筛分过程解析[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2008.
[15]闻邦椿,刘树英.现在振动筛分技术及设备设计[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.
[16]李宝筏.农业机械学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[17]GB/T5262-2008,农业机械试验条件、测定方法的一般规定[S].