草莓种苗繁育氮磷钾“3414”施肥效应
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摘要
以草莓植株为试材,采用"3414"肥效试验方案,研究了N、P、K不同施肥处理对草莓繁苗产量和经济效益的影响,并采用一元二次肥料效应模型得出了草莓繁苗最佳施肥量,以期为玉溪地区草莓种苗繁育施肥提供科学依据。结果表明:N、P、K对草莓繁苗产量、产值有较大影响,N_2P_2K_2处理的肥料配施比例最佳,每667 m~2产苗量为79 636株,增产率达156.36%,每667 m~2产值及纯收入分别为31 854.40、31 693.76元,每667 m~2净增产值及纯收入分别为11 482.40、11 321.76元,氮肥对草莓繁苗量的影响最大、磷肥其次、钾肥最小。通过回归分析建立一元二次回归方程,得出每667 m~2最佳经济产苗量的N、P_2O_5、K_2O施肥量分别为13.36、10.09、10.55 kg。
To provide the theoretical basis for the application of fertilization for the production of strawberry nursery in Yuxi area,the ‘3414' fertilization effect test was carried out.The effects of N,P and K treatments on the yield and economic benefit of strawberry nursery were researched.And the regression analysis recommended the optimum fertilizing quantity of N,P,K was obtained.The results showed that the N,P and K had relatively good effects on the seedling numbers and economic benefits of strawberry plantlets.Treatment N2 P2 K2 showed the optimal fertilizer application ratio,its seedling numbers was 79 636 plants per 667 m2,seedling numbers increasing rate was 156.36%,the output value and net income were 31 854.40,31 693.76 RMB per 667 m2,increment were 11 482.40,11 321.76 RMB per 667 m2.N fertilizer had the greatest impacts on the number of strawberry seedling,followed with P fertilizer;while K fertilizer showed the poorest impacts.In this test,fertilizer application for the optimal economic benefit was N 13.36 kg per 667 m2,P2 O510.09 kg per 667 m2,K2 O 10.55 kg per 667 m2.
To provide the theoretical basis for the application of fertilization for the production of strawberry nursery in Yuxi area,the ‘3414' fertilization effect test was carried out.The effects of N,P and K treatments on the yield and economic benefit of strawberry nursery were researched.And the regression analysis recommended the optimum fertilizing quantity of N,P,K was obtained.The results showed that the N,P and K had relatively good effects on the seedling numbers and economic benefits of strawberry plantlets.Treatment N2 P2 K2 showed the optimal fertilizer application ratio,its seedling numbers was 79 636 plants per 667 m2,seedling numbers increasing rate was 156.36%,the output value and net income were 31 854.40,31 693.76 RMB per 667 m2,increment were 11 482.40,11 321.76 RMB per 667 m2.N fertilizer had the greatest impacts on the number of strawberry seedling,followed with P fertilizer;while K fertilizer showed the poorest impacts.In this test,fertilizer application for the optimal economic benefit was N 13.36 kg per 667 m2,P2 O510.09 kg per 667 m2,K2 O 10.55 kg per 667 m2.
引文
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[14] 戎国增,徐永江,徐思新.PPP333和HS对草莓苗素质及生长发育的影响[J].浙江农村技术师专学报,1997(2,3):34-35.
[15] 王峰.草莓脱毒苗与常规苗田间性状比较试验[J].山西果树,2016(2):10-11.
[16] 张利英,李贺年,张鑫,等.草莓组培苗和自繁苗田间性状比较试验研究[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(25):11957-11958.
[17] 朱晶华,韩明.大棚草莓新品种红颊抗性比较与繁苗试验[J].长江蔬菜(学术版),2010(8):71-72.
[18] 徐佩娟,何铁海,邱宏良.连作障碍对“红颊”草莓繁苗的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2009(4):51-52.
[19] 张舒玄,聂欣,杜鹃,等.不同微量元素叶面肥对草莓育苗生长的影响[J].土壤,2017,49(2):261-267.
[20] 储国良,詹国勤,丁剑英,等.草毒繁苗田施用氮磷钾肥的效果[J].江苏农业科学,1988(3):27-29.
[21] 朱涛,张中原,李金凤,等.应用二次回归肥料试验“3414”设计配置多种肥料效应函数功能的研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2004,35(3):211-215.
[22] 张福锁,王激清,张卫峰,等.中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):915-924.
[23] 廖佳丽.测土配方施肥水稻3414肥料效应的研究[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(13):213-218.
[24] 齐浩,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.唐古特大黄“3414”施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究[J].草业学报,2015,24(9):19-29.
[25] 张文明,邱慧珍,张春红,等.陇东烤烟“3414”施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(5):191-195.
[26] 褚清河,强彦珍.经济学与肥料学中报酬递减律的同一性及其问题[J].山西农业科技,2011,39(1):33-37.
[2] 张志宏,高秀岩,杜国栋,等.草莓生产的发展趋势:省力化栽培[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(10):103.
[3] 杨红钧,袁媛,史琳,等.云南省草莓产业现状及发展对策研究[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(4):1213-1214.
[4] 朱品芬,张仕莲,蔡亚东,等.草莓高山繁苗技术[J].云南农业,2004(3):8.
[5] 尹同萍,孙美芝.草莓怎样繁苗才能繁得多[J].黄河蔬菜,2010(12):35.
[6] 陈家旺,师长俭,刘志卿.广东草毒越夏繁苗技术研究[J].广东农业科学,1992(6):25-28.
[7] 王全智,蔡善亚,刘叶琼,等.江苏地区“红颊”草莓露地繁苗技术[J].北方园艺,2016(24):209-210.
[8] 张桢,周志疆,张建,等.长江中下游地区草莓工厂化繁苗技术[J].长江蔬菜,2014(5):34-35.
[9] 陈士海.草莓繁殖田套种增效栽培技术[J].蔬菜,2013(3):12-13.
[10] 霍恒志,陈雪平,李金凤,等.草莓高架基质栽培结合空中育苗技术研究[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(4):124-125.
[11] 廖华俊,董玲,宁志怨,等.脱毒草莓高架自营养高效育苗技术研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(5):1985-1988.
[12] 万春雁,陈雪平,糜林,等.不同给水方式对草莓基质穴盘避雨育苗的影响[J].江西农业学报2012,24(9):54-56.
[13] 徐佩娟,何铁海,曾立红,等.GA3植物生长剂在“红颊”草莓繁苗上的应用试验研究[J].农业科技通讯,2011(7):33-35.
[14] 戎国增,徐永江,徐思新.PPP333和HS对草莓苗素质及生长发育的影响[J].浙江农村技术师专学报,1997(2,3):34-35.
[15] 王峰.草莓脱毒苗与常规苗田间性状比较试验[J].山西果树,2016(2):10-11.
[16] 张利英,李贺年,张鑫,等.草莓组培苗和自繁苗田间性状比较试验研究[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(25):11957-11958.
[17] 朱晶华,韩明.大棚草莓新品种红颊抗性比较与繁苗试验[J].长江蔬菜(学术版),2010(8):71-72.
[18] 徐佩娟,何铁海,邱宏良.连作障碍对“红颊”草莓繁苗的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2009(4):51-52.
[19] 张舒玄,聂欣,杜鹃,等.不同微量元素叶面肥对草莓育苗生长的影响[J].土壤,2017,49(2):261-267.
[20] 储国良,詹国勤,丁剑英,等.草毒繁苗田施用氮磷钾肥的效果[J].江苏农业科学,1988(3):27-29.
[21] 朱涛,张中原,李金凤,等.应用二次回归肥料试验“3414”设计配置多种肥料效应函数功能的研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2004,35(3):211-215.
[22] 张福锁,王激清,张卫峰,等.中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):915-924.
[23] 廖佳丽.测土配方施肥水稻3414肥料效应的研究[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(13):213-218.
[24] 齐浩,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.唐古特大黄“3414”施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究[J].草业学报,2015,24(9):19-29.
[25] 张文明,邱慧珍,张春红,等.陇东烤烟“3414”施肥效果及推荐施肥量研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(5):191-195.
[26] 褚清河,强彦珍.经济学与肥料学中报酬递减律的同一性及其问题[J].山西农业科技,2011,39(1):33-37.