光电效应实验教学中饱和光电流与入射光强成正比的实验探讨
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摘要
在光电效应实验教学中,验证饱和光电流与入射光强的正比例关系实验中主要有两大实验方法改变光强:改变距离和改变光阑面积.为了更好地验证该规律,本文从2个实验方法出发,使用现有实验仪器,通过控制不同的变量研究光电管的伏安特性曲线,通过对实验数据处理和分析,找到了相应的、更好的实验参量,通过比较可知改变光阑面积为更优实验方法.
In the photoelectric effect experiment,an important experimental content is to verify the positive proportional relationship between the saturation photocurrent and the incident light intensity.There are mainly two experimental methods to change the light intensity:changing the distance and changing the aperture.Using existing experimental instruments,the volt-ampere characteristic curves of photocells were studied by controlling different variables.By processing and analyzing the experimental data,the better experimental parameters were found.By comparison,it was known that changing the aperture was a better method.
In the photoelectric effect experiment,an important experimental content is to verify the positive proportional relationship between the saturation photocurrent and the incident light intensity.There are mainly two experimental methods to change the light intensity:changing the distance and changing the aperture.Using existing experimental instruments,the volt-ampere characteristic curves of photocells were studied by controlling different variables.By processing and analyzing the experimental data,the better experimental parameters were found.By comparison,it was known that changing the aperture was a better method.
引文
[1]何光宏,汪涛,韩忠,等.大学物理实验[M].北京:科学出版社,2017:140-144.
[2]张风昀,王雪鹏,隋宏光,等.光电效应实验中光阑大小和光电管接收距离对实验结果影响分析[J].实验科学与技术,2017(4):1-6.
[3]吕佩伟,施洋,马宋设,等.光电效应实验中光阑大小对实验结果影响的探讨[J].大学物理实验,2014,27(3):68-70.
[4]倪牟翠,王志军,王连元.在等光子数条件下比较不同波长入射光的光电效应[J].大学物理,2015,34(7):30-32.
[5]王林香.光电效应伏安特性实验改进研究[J].大学物理实验,2016,29(1):60-62.
[6]陈小凡.光电效应实验中的伏安特性曲线[J].大学物理实验,2014,27(3):71-72.
[7]陈彪,杜晓燕,门高夫.关于开设内光电效应实验的探索与思考[J].物理实验,2015,35(1)::31-32,37.
[8]彭辉丽,陈晓明,隋成华.基于PASCO平台的光电效应实验[J].物理实验,2013,33(4):28-32.
[9]林晓珑,何春凤,冯毅,等.光电效应物理演示实验仪器的研究与设计[J].物理实验,2011,31(12):8-10.
[10]杨振乾,王鑫园,苏为宁.光电效应实验中截止电压随光强变化原因的探索[J].物理实验,2014,34(6):30-33.
[2]张风昀,王雪鹏,隋宏光,等.光电效应实验中光阑大小和光电管接收距离对实验结果影响分析[J].实验科学与技术,2017(4):1-6.
[3]吕佩伟,施洋,马宋设,等.光电效应实验中光阑大小对实验结果影响的探讨[J].大学物理实验,2014,27(3):68-70.
[4]倪牟翠,王志军,王连元.在等光子数条件下比较不同波长入射光的光电效应[J].大学物理,2015,34(7):30-32.
[5]王林香.光电效应伏安特性实验改进研究[J].大学物理实验,2016,29(1):60-62.
[6]陈小凡.光电效应实验中的伏安特性曲线[J].大学物理实验,2014,27(3):71-72.
[7]陈彪,杜晓燕,门高夫.关于开设内光电效应实验的探索与思考[J].物理实验,2015,35(1)::31-32,37.
[8]彭辉丽,陈晓明,隋成华.基于PASCO平台的光电效应实验[J].物理实验,2013,33(4):28-32.
[9]林晓珑,何春凤,冯毅,等.光电效应物理演示实验仪器的研究与设计[J].物理实验,2011,31(12):8-10.
[10]杨振乾,王鑫园,苏为宁.光电效应实验中截止电压随光强变化原因的探索[J].物理实验,2014,34(6):30-33.