抽油机不停机间歇采油技术研究与应用
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摘要
常规间歇采油存在工人劳动强度高、管理难度大、工作制度难以执行到位等问题。为此,提出了抽油机不停机间歇采油技术,采用长周期集中式间歇采油转变成多次短周期分散式间歇采油的策略,开展连续整周运行与低能耗摆动运行相结合的方式,将常规间抽停机运行改为曲柄低能耗小角度摆动运行;以井下柱塞保持不动为前提,杆柱最大弹性变形为基础,设计出曲柄最大摆动范围,确保地面设备不停机安全摆动,井下泵停抽的不停机短周期间抽工艺。现场应用表明,与常规间抽相比,系统效率提高4.4个百分点,百米吨液单耗降低28.7%,日节电22.14 k Wh,对低产井高效开发具有重要意义。
The normal intermittent production does exist some problems, for example, high labor intensity, great difficulty in the management and difficulty to implement the work system, etc. Hence,the non-stop intermittent production for pumping units is proposed. It adopts a strategy which transforms the long-cycle concentrated intermittent pumping into several short-period intermittent pumping, and used a combination of the continuous pumping and the low-energy swing operation, it can change the long shaft stoppage part of intermittent pumping into low-energy swing operation,meanwhile, the maximum swing range of crank is designed based on the maximum elastic deformation of rod string under the premise that plunger piston is stationary, ground equipment does nonstop swing operation at the same time. The field application shows that, the pump efficiency improve by 4.4%, the power consumption by lifting one ton of liquid to 100 reduce 28.7%, saving 22.14 k Wh every day compared with the normal intermittent production. It will be of great significance for the effective development of low-yield well.
The normal intermittent production does exist some problems, for example, high labor intensity, great difficulty in the management and difficulty to implement the work system, etc. Hence,the non-stop intermittent production for pumping units is proposed. It adopts a strategy which transforms the long-cycle concentrated intermittent pumping into several short-period intermittent pumping, and used a combination of the continuous pumping and the low-energy swing operation, it can change the long shaft stoppage part of intermittent pumping into low-energy swing operation,meanwhile, the maximum swing range of crank is designed based on the maximum elastic deformation of rod string under the premise that plunger piston is stationary, ground equipment does nonstop swing operation at the same time. The field application shows that, the pump efficiency improve by 4.4%, the power consumption by lifting one ton of liquid to 100 reduce 28.7%, saving 22.14 k Wh every day compared with the normal intermittent production. It will be of great significance for the effective development of low-yield well.
引文
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[3]魏显峰.杏北开发区油井间抽技术研究与应用[J].中外能源,2011,16(6):50-54.
[4]李军亮,廖锐全,陈晓春.抽油井间抽周期的灰色预测[J].断块油气田,2012,19(5):634-637.
[5]苗国晶,张传绪.大庆外围低渗透油田间歇采油制度优化方法研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(2),62-65.
[6]黄华,赵亚杰,董涛,等.抽油机井间歇抽油方式优化[J].化学工程与装备,2017(4):100-101.
[7]刘良华,刘虎,刘凯波,等.低液面抽油机井合理间抽制度的确定[J].长江大学学报:自然版,2014,11(32):122-124.
[8]张春燕,朱立林、靳保珍.青海油田提高低产井效益水平的措施[J].油气田地面工程,2011,30(3):78-79.
[9]殷雷.低产低效井间抽措施的适应性[J].油气田地面工程,2013,31(9):86-86.
[10]于小明,何贯中,金英兰.抽油机井间抽制度合理性研究[J].大庆石油地质开发,2006,25(4):78-79.
[11]赵志敏,翟卫青,袁书卿.间歇式智能抽油机控制器的研制[J].电气应用,2009,28(6):43-45.
[12]闫成玉.抽油机智能间抽控制装置[J].油气田地面工程,2010,29(7):58-59.
[13]任鹏,唐凡,姚洋,等.新型智能间抽技术在超低渗油田中的应用[J].石油工业计算机应用,2011(3):142-145.
[14]邬亦炯,刘卓君,赵桂祥,等.抽油机[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:31-38.