沱江干流内江段沉积物汞和铬污染状况研究
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摘要
采集沱江干流内江段的6个位点的沉积物样品,测定其中有机质、汞和铬含量,分析此区段沉积物中的重金属污染状况。结果表明沱江干流内江段沉积物中有机质含量范围是在9.129～27.323 g/kg之间,总汞含量范围是在0.055～0.160 mg/kg之间,总铬含量范围是在87.4～146.8 mg/kg之间。将有机质、总汞和总铬含量和我国土壤环境标准对比,沱江干流内江段有机质含量大多处于四级,五级阶段;总汞含量处于一级、二级阶段;总铬含量处于二级阶段。根据地累积指数分析,该区段中游地区受到轻度污染;根据生态风险单项指数分析汞生态风险大多处于中低状态,只有白马镇地区汞生态风险较重,铬生态风险普遍处于低状态;由污染负荷指数分析,该区段重金属污染处于中度污染状态,并有加深污染的趋势。
This study collected sediment samples from 6 sites of the Neijiang section of Tuojiang River mainstream. The heavy metal pollution in the sediment of Tuojiang river mainstream was analyzed by measuring the contents of organic matter, mercury and chromium. The results showed that the content of organic matter in the sediments of the Neijiang section of the Tuojiang River was between 9.129～27.323 g/kg, the total mercury content was in the range of 0.055～0.160 mg/kg, and the total Cr content is between 87.4～146.8 mg/kg. Comparing the content of organic matter, total mercury and total chromium with China's soil environmental standards, the content of organic matter in the Tuojiang river mainstream is mostly in the stage of level 4 and level 5.The total mercury content is in the first and second stage. The total chromium content is in the second stage. According to the analysis of accumulation index, the middle reaches area of Tuojiang river is slightly polluted. According to the analysis of single index of ecological risk, the ecological risk of mercury is mostly in the middle and low state. Only in Baima Town area, the ecological risk of mercury is heavy, and the ecological risk of chromium is generally low. According to the analysis of pollution load index, heavy metal pollution in the Tuojiang river mainstream is moderately polluted and tends to deepen.
This study collected sediment samples from 6 sites of the Neijiang section of Tuojiang River mainstream. The heavy metal pollution in the sediment of Tuojiang river mainstream was analyzed by measuring the contents of organic matter, mercury and chromium. The results showed that the content of organic matter in the sediments of the Neijiang section of the Tuojiang River was between 9.129～27.323 g/kg, the total mercury content was in the range of 0.055～0.160 mg/kg, and the total Cr content is between 87.4～146.8 mg/kg. Comparing the content of organic matter, total mercury and total chromium with China's soil environmental standards, the content of organic matter in the Tuojiang river mainstream is mostly in the stage of level 4 and level 5.The total mercury content is in the first and second stage. The total chromium content is in the second stage. According to the analysis of accumulation index, the middle reaches area of Tuojiang river is slightly polluted. According to the analysis of single index of ecological risk, the ecological risk of mercury is mostly in the middle and low state. Only in Baima Town area, the ecological risk of mercury is heavy, and the ecological risk of chromium is generally low. According to the analysis of pollution load index, heavy metal pollution in the Tuojiang river mainstream is moderately polluted and tends to deepen.
引文
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[13] 蔡峰,刘泽功,林柏泉,等.淮南矿区煤矸石中微量元素的研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(8):892-897.
[14] 徐军,郝立波,赵新运,等.松花江上游表层沉积物中重金属元素时空分布特征[J].吉林大学学报,2018,48(3):854-862.
[15] 李娟,杨忠芳,夏学齐,等.长江沉积物环境地球化学特征及生态风险评价[J].现代地质,2012,26(5):939-946.
[16] 罗斌,刘玲,张金良,等.淮河干流沉积物中重金属含量及分布特征[J].环境与健康杂志,2010,27(12):1122-1127.
[17] 张婧,王淑秋,谢琰,等.辽河水系表层沉积物中重金属分布及污染特征研究[J].环境科学,2008,19(9):2413-2418.
[18] 袁浩,王雨春,顾尚义,等.黄河水系沉积物重金属赋存形态及污染特征[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(1):1966-1971.
[19] 甘华阳,梁开,郑志昌.珠江口沉积物的重金属背景值及污染评价分区[J].地球与环境,2010,38(3):344-350.
[20] 郭晶,李利强,黄代中,等.洞庭湖表层水和底泥中重金属污染状况及其变化趋势[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(1):44-51.
[21] 郑中华,刘凯传,张萍,等.淮河干流沉积物中重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(10):935-942.
[2] 李佳宣,施泽明,郑林,等.沱江流域水系沉积物重金属的潜在生态风险评价[J].地球与环境,2010,38(4):481-487.
[3] 郑林.沱江水系沉积物中重金属的地球化学特征[D].成都:成都理工大学,2010.
[4] 容群,罗栋源,边鹏洋,等.土壤中铬的迁移转化研究进展[J].四川环境,2018,37(2):156-160.
[5] Kenworthy J B,Forstner U,Wittman G T.Metal Pollution in the Aquatic Environment[J].The Journal of Ecology,1980,68(2):700.
[6] 刘金铃,冯新斌,朱伟,等.东江沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(5):981-986.
[7] 曾宜君,黄思静,王玉婷,等.宜宾市宋家地区土壤元素背景值研究及其意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2007,27(1):97-102.
[8] 曾祥英,王晨,于志强,等.湘江岳阳段沉积物重金属污染特征及其初步生态风险评估[J].地球化学,2012,41(1):63-69.
[9] 霍文毅,黄风茹,陈静生,等.河流颗粒物重金属污染评价方法比较研究[J].地理科学,1997,17(1):81-86.
[10] 李法松,韩铖,林大松,等.安庆沿江湖泊及长江安庆段沉积物重金属污染特征及生态风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(3):574-582.
[11] LARS H.AN ECOLOGICAL RISK INDEX FOR AQUATIC POLLUTION CONTROL.ASEDIMENTOLOGICAL APPROACH [J].WATER RESEARCH,1980 14(8):975-1001.
[12] 吕达,郑祥民,周立,等.崇明东滩湿地沉积物重金属污染的磁诊断[J].环境科学研究,2007,20(6):38-43.
[13] 蔡峰,刘泽功,林柏泉,等.淮南矿区煤矸石中微量元素的研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(8):892-897.
[14] 徐军,郝立波,赵新运,等.松花江上游表层沉积物中重金属元素时空分布特征[J].吉林大学学报,2018,48(3):854-862.
[15] 李娟,杨忠芳,夏学齐,等.长江沉积物环境地球化学特征及生态风险评价[J].现代地质,2012,26(5):939-946.
[16] 罗斌,刘玲,张金良,等.淮河干流沉积物中重金属含量及分布特征[J].环境与健康杂志,2010,27(12):1122-1127.
[17] 张婧,王淑秋,谢琰,等.辽河水系表层沉积物中重金属分布及污染特征研究[J].环境科学,2008,19(9):2413-2418.
[18] 袁浩,王雨春,顾尚义,等.黄河水系沉积物重金属赋存形态及污染特征[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(1):1966-1971.
[19] 甘华阳,梁开,郑志昌.珠江口沉积物的重金属背景值及污染评价分区[J].地球与环境,2010,38(3):344-350.
[20] 郭晶,李利强,黄代中,等.洞庭湖表层水和底泥中重金属污染状况及其变化趋势[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(1):44-51.
[21] 郑中华,刘凯传,张萍,等.淮河干流沉积物中重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(10):935-942.