基于DEMD和对称差分能量算子解调的滚动轴承故障诊断
|
摘要
针对机械故障振动信号多为调制信号的特点,为了更好地提取多分量调幅调频信号的幅值和频率信息,提出了基于微分的经验模式分解(DEMD)与对称差分能量算子相结合的解调方法。利用DEMD算法将原始振动信号进行分解,得到若干个单分量信号;对每一个单分量信号进行三点对称差分能量算子解调,得到各单分量信号的瞬时幅值和瞬时频率,并计算出包络谱。将该方法应用于仿真信号和滚动轴承故障信号的诊断,实验结果表明,该方法能有效地提取机械故障信号的故障特征,实现旋转机械故障诊断。
Aimed at the modulated characteristics of the mechanical fault vibration signals,in order to extract amplitude and frequency informations of multi-component amplitude modulation and frequency modulation signals,a method was put forward based on the DEMD combining with symmetric difference energy operator demodulation.First of all,the original vibration signals were decomposed by DEMD algorithm,getting a number of single component signal,and then symmetric difference of three energy operator demodulation was used for every single component signal,getting instantaneous amplitude and instantaneous frequency of each single component signal,and the spectral envelope was calculated,finally the method was applied to the simulation signals and the rolling bearing fault signals.The experimental results show that the method can accurately extract the fault features of mechanical fault signals and realize rotating machinery fault diagnosis effectively.
Aimed at the modulated characteristics of the mechanical fault vibration signals,in order to extract amplitude and frequency informations of multi-component amplitude modulation and frequency modulation signals,a method was put forward based on the DEMD combining with symmetric difference energy operator demodulation.First of all,the original vibration signals were decomposed by DEMD algorithm,getting a number of single component signal,and then symmetric difference of three energy operator demodulation was used for every single component signal,getting instantaneous amplitude and instantaneous frequency of each single component signal,and the spectral envelope was calculated,finally the method was applied to the simulation signals and the rolling bearing fault signals.The experimental results show that the method can accurately extract the fault features of mechanical fault signals and realize rotating machinery fault diagnosis effectively.
引文
[1]何正嘉,陈进,王太勇,等.机械故障诊断理论及应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[2]Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R.A New View of Nonlinear Water Waves:the Hilbert Spectrum[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1999,31:417-457.
[3]何旭.经验模式分解的研究及其在故障诊断中的应用[D].上海:上海交通大学,2004.
[4]张文义,于德介,陈向民.基于信号共振稀疏分解与能量算子解调的轴承故障诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(20):111-118.Zhang Wenyi,Yu Dejie,Chen Xiangmin.Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings Based on Resonancebased Sparse Signal Decomposition and Energy Operator Demodulating[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(20):111-118.
[5]任达千,杨世锡,吴昭同,等.信号瞬时频率直接计算法与Hilbert变换Teager能量法比较[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(9):42-48.Ren Daqian,Yang Shixi,Wu Zhaotong,et al.Comparison of Instantaneous Frequency Directed Computing Method and Hilbert Transform and Teager Energy Method[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(9):42-48.
[6]Maragos P,Kaiser J F,Quatieri T F.Energy Separation in Signal Modulations with Application to Speech Analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1993,41(10):3024-3051.
[7]武和雷,朱善安,林瑞仲,等.基于能量算子解调法的滚动轴承故障诊断[J].农业机械学报,2003,38(1):119-120.Wu Helei,Zhu Shanan,Lin Ruizhong,et al.Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on the Energy Operator Demodulation Approach[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2003,38(1):119-120.
[8]胥永刚,陆明,谢志聪.基于固有时间尺度分解的能量算子解调法及故障诊断应用[J].海军工程大学学报,2013,25(1):27-31.Xu Yonggang,Lu Ming,Xie Zhicong.Teager Energy Operator Demodulation Method Based on ITD and Its Applications in Fault Diagnosis[J].Journal of Naval University of Engineering,2013,25(1):27-31.
[9]樊新海,何嘉武,王战军,等.基于Teager能量算子的解调方法[J].装甲兵工程学院报,2009,23(4):61-63.Fan Xinhai,He Jiawu,Wang Zhanjun,et al.Demodulation Approach Based on Teager Energy Operator[J].Journal of Academy of Armored Force Engineering,2009,23(4):61-63.
[10]鞠萍华,秦树人,赵金.基于LMD的能量算子解调及其在故障特征信号提取中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(2):1-4.Ju Pinghua,Qin Shuren,Zhao Jin.Energy Operator Demodulating Approach Based on LMD and Its Application in Extracting Characteristics of a Fault Signal[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(2):1-4.
[11]李蓉,于德介,陈向民.基于形态分量分析与能量算子解调的齿轮箱复合故障诊断方法[J].中国机械工程,2013,24(13):1789-1795.Li Rong,Yu Dejie,Chen Xiangmin.A Compound Fault Diagnosis Method for Gearbox Based on Morphological Component Analysis and Energy Operator Demodulating[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2013,24(13):1789-1795.
[12]景蓓蓓,李鸿光.基于微分的经验模式方法在转子裂纹和碰摩故障诊断中的应用[J].噪声与振动控制,2009,5(1):66-69.Jing Beibei,Li Hongguang.Fault Diagnoses of Cracked Rotor and Rub-impact Rotor Based on DEMD Method[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2009,5(1):66-69.
[13]王冰,李洪儒,许葆华.基于LMD和平滑Teager能量算子解调的电机滚动轴承故障特征提取[J].机械传动,2012,36(9):89-92.Wang Bing,Li Hongru,Xu Baohua.Fault Feature Extraction of Motor Rolling Bearing Based on LMD and Smoothed Teager Energy Operator Demodulating[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2012,36(9):89-92.
[14]高云鹏,李峰,陈婧,等.改进能量算子Nuttall窗频谱校正的闪变测量方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(4):745-753.Gao Yunpeng,Li Feng,Chen Jing,et al.Voltage Flicker Measurement Method Using Improved Teager-Kaiser Energy Operator Based on Nuttall Window Spectral Correction[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(4):745-753.
[15]黄椒治,林慧斌,丁康.基于广义解调平滑能量分离算法的瞬时频率估计[J].振动工程学报,2014,27 (2):281-288.Huang Jiaozhi,Lin Huibin,Ding Kang.Instantaneous Frequency Estimation Based on Generalized Demodulation Smoothed Energy Separation Algorithm[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2014,27 (2):281-288.
[2]Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R.A New View of Nonlinear Water Waves:the Hilbert Spectrum[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1999,31:417-457.
[3]何旭.经验模式分解的研究及其在故障诊断中的应用[D].上海:上海交通大学,2004.
[4]张文义,于德介,陈向民.基于信号共振稀疏分解与能量算子解调的轴承故障诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(20):111-118.Zhang Wenyi,Yu Dejie,Chen Xiangmin.Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings Based on Resonancebased Sparse Signal Decomposition and Energy Operator Demodulating[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(20):111-118.
[5]任达千,杨世锡,吴昭同,等.信号瞬时频率直接计算法与Hilbert变换Teager能量法比较[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(9):42-48.Ren Daqian,Yang Shixi,Wu Zhaotong,et al.Comparison of Instantaneous Frequency Directed Computing Method and Hilbert Transform and Teager Energy Method[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(9):42-48.
[6]Maragos P,Kaiser J F,Quatieri T F.Energy Separation in Signal Modulations with Application to Speech Analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1993,41(10):3024-3051.
[7]武和雷,朱善安,林瑞仲,等.基于能量算子解调法的滚动轴承故障诊断[J].农业机械学报,2003,38(1):119-120.Wu Helei,Zhu Shanan,Lin Ruizhong,et al.Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on the Energy Operator Demodulation Approach[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2003,38(1):119-120.
[8]胥永刚,陆明,谢志聪.基于固有时间尺度分解的能量算子解调法及故障诊断应用[J].海军工程大学学报,2013,25(1):27-31.Xu Yonggang,Lu Ming,Xie Zhicong.Teager Energy Operator Demodulation Method Based on ITD and Its Applications in Fault Diagnosis[J].Journal of Naval University of Engineering,2013,25(1):27-31.
[9]樊新海,何嘉武,王战军,等.基于Teager能量算子的解调方法[J].装甲兵工程学院报,2009,23(4):61-63.Fan Xinhai,He Jiawu,Wang Zhanjun,et al.Demodulation Approach Based on Teager Energy Operator[J].Journal of Academy of Armored Force Engineering,2009,23(4):61-63.
[10]鞠萍华,秦树人,赵金.基于LMD的能量算子解调及其在故障特征信号提取中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(2):1-4.Ju Pinghua,Qin Shuren,Zhao Jin.Energy Operator Demodulating Approach Based on LMD and Its Application in Extracting Characteristics of a Fault Signal[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(2):1-4.
[11]李蓉,于德介,陈向民.基于形态分量分析与能量算子解调的齿轮箱复合故障诊断方法[J].中国机械工程,2013,24(13):1789-1795.Li Rong,Yu Dejie,Chen Xiangmin.A Compound Fault Diagnosis Method for Gearbox Based on Morphological Component Analysis and Energy Operator Demodulating[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2013,24(13):1789-1795.
[12]景蓓蓓,李鸿光.基于微分的经验模式方法在转子裂纹和碰摩故障诊断中的应用[J].噪声与振动控制,2009,5(1):66-69.Jing Beibei,Li Hongguang.Fault Diagnoses of Cracked Rotor and Rub-impact Rotor Based on DEMD Method[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2009,5(1):66-69.
[13]王冰,李洪儒,许葆华.基于LMD和平滑Teager能量算子解调的电机滚动轴承故障特征提取[J].机械传动,2012,36(9):89-92.Wang Bing,Li Hongru,Xu Baohua.Fault Feature Extraction of Motor Rolling Bearing Based on LMD and Smoothed Teager Energy Operator Demodulating[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2012,36(9):89-92.
[14]高云鹏,李峰,陈婧,等.改进能量算子Nuttall窗频谱校正的闪变测量方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(4):745-753.Gao Yunpeng,Li Feng,Chen Jing,et al.Voltage Flicker Measurement Method Using Improved Teager-Kaiser Energy Operator Based on Nuttall Window Spectral Correction[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(4):745-753.
[15]黄椒治,林慧斌,丁康.基于广义解调平滑能量分离算法的瞬时频率估计[J].振动工程学报,2014,27 (2):281-288.Huang Jiaozhi,Lin Huibin,Ding Kang.Instantaneous Frequency Estimation Based on Generalized Demodulation Smoothed Energy Separation Algorithm[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2014,27 (2):281-288.