微交联聚乙烯应力-光氧老化开裂行为的研究
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摘要
为了提高桥梁缆索护套耐老化性能,通过制备微交联的聚乙烯材料研究不同交联度聚乙烯材料的应力-光氧老化开裂行为.采用剥离一段缆索护套并测定收缩率来计算聚乙烯护套在实际中的内应力,利用表面形貌观察、形变量测定、红外光谱分析、差式量热扫描法、凝胶含量测定等表征手段研究样品老化过程中的老化开裂行为.研究表明:随着交联度的增加,聚乙烯材料发生断裂的时间先增加后减少,表面裂纹发展的速度先增加后减小,裂纹发展速度及抗老化开裂性能最佳的交联度约为10%;聚乙烯材料的氧化速率与断裂时间呈正相关;表面裂纹出现后,材料被完全氧化;老化过程中,聚乙烯凝胶含量和结晶度均不断上升.
To improve anti-aging performance of bridge cable sheath,the stress light oxygen aging cracking behavior of different cross-linking polyethylene materials was studied by preparing micro crosslinked polyethylene material. The actual internal stress was calculated by measuring the shrinkage of cable sheath;and the cracking and aging behaviors of micro-crosslinked polyethylene under stress were studied by using various tools such as microscopic observation,strain measurement,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry analysis,determination of gel content and so on. It can be found that the breaking time of samples was increased firstly and then decreased as the degree of crosslinking increased,and samples showed the slowest crack growing rate,best aging and cracking resistance at a crosslinking degree of～ 10%. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between oxidation rate and breaking time;and samples were fully oxidized when the cracks appeared on the surface. The gel content and the crystallinity of samples were increased with aging time.
To improve anti-aging performance of bridge cable sheath,the stress light oxygen aging cracking behavior of different cross-linking polyethylene materials was studied by preparing micro crosslinked polyethylene material. The actual internal stress was calculated by measuring the shrinkage of cable sheath;and the cracking and aging behaviors of micro-crosslinked polyethylene under stress were studied by using various tools such as microscopic observation,strain measurement,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry analysis,determination of gel content and so on. It can be found that the breaking time of samples was increased firstly and then decreased as the degree of crosslinking increased,and samples showed the slowest crack growing rate,best aging and cracking resistance at a crosslinking degree of～ 10%. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between oxidation rate and breaking time;and samples were fully oxidized when the cracks appeared on the surface. The gel content and the crystallinity of samples were increased with aging time.
引文
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[2]李鸥,侍刚,王波,等.运营期桥梁斜拉索的技术状况检测[J].世界桥梁,2017,45(4):79-83.LI Ou,SHI Gang,WANG Bo,et al. Inspection of technical condition of bridge stay cables in operation period[J]. World Bridges,2017,45(4):79-83.
[3]冯兆祥,缪长青.桥梁缆索病害与破坏机理分析[J].山西建筑,2015,41(23):148-149.FENG Zhaoxiang,MIAO Changqing. Discussion on the research current situation of bridge asset management technology[J]. Shanxi Architecture,2015,41(23):148-149.DOI:10. 13719/j. cnki. cn14-1279/tu. 2015.23. 085.
[4] KEN BUSFIELD W,TABA Paulina. Photo-oxidative degradation of mechanically stressed polyolefins[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1996, 51(2):185-196.
[5] RICHARD HORROCKS A,VALINEJAD Khalil. The influence of fibre production history and stress on the durability of polypropylene[J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability,1994,43(1):81-91.
[6] NEWLAND G C,TAMBLYN J W. Weathering of polyolefins under stress[J]. Polymer Engineering&Science,1965,5(3):148-151.
[7] TAMBLYN J W,NEWLAND G C. Induction period in the aging of polypropylene[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1965,9(6):2251-2260.
[8] ROY P K,SUREKHA P,RAJAGOPAL C,et al.Study on the degradation of low-density polyethylene in the presence of cobalt stearate and benzil[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,99(1):236-243.DOI:10. 1002/app. 22464
[9] TOMLINS P E,READ B E. Creep and physical ageing of polypropylene:a comparison of models[J]. Polymer,1998,39(2):355-367.
[10] READ B E,DEAN G D,TOMLINS P E. Effects of physical ageing on creep in polypropylene[J]. Polymer,1988,29(12):2159-2169.
[11] DEAN G D,TOMLINS P E,READ B E. A model for nonlinear creep and physical aging in poly(vinyl chloride)[J]. Polymer Engineering&Science,1995,35(16):1282-1289.
[12] LAI J,BAKKER A. Analysis of the non-linear creep of high-density polyethylene[J]. Polymer,1995,36(1):93-99.
[13] HUANG Zhengyu,LI Yongliang,REN Xiancheng.Comparing cracking time and structure changes of different high-density polyethylenes during stress and photo-oxidative aging[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2014,131(20):40904.DOI:10. 1002/app. 40904
[14] LI Yongliang,LIU Wenliang Liu,REN Xiancheng.Critical stress of High-Density polyethylene during stress and photo-oxidative aging[J]. Polymer Engineering&Science,2015,55(10):2277-2284.DOI:10. 1002/pen. 24114
[15]刘玉峰,胡天辉,朱志勇,等.交联体系对超高摩尔质量聚乙烯性能的影响[J].塑料工业,2017,45(1):21-24.LIU Yufeng,HU Tianhui,ZHU Zhiyong,et al. The influence of cross-linking systems on properties of UHMWPE[J]. China Plastics Industry,2017,45(1):21-24.DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1005-5770. 2017. 01. 006
[16]孙小杰,陈学连,梁文斌.高密度聚乙烯的交联过程和结晶行为研究[J].塑料工业,2016,44(11):108-111.SUN Xiaojie,CHEN Xuelian,LIANG Bin. Study of crosslinking and crystallization behaviors of HDPE[J]. China Plastics Industry,2016,44(11):108-111.DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1005-5770. 2016. 11. 025
[17] WUNDERLICH Bernhard,DOLE Malcolm. Specific heat of synthetic high polymers. VIII. Low pressure polyethylene[J]. Journal of Polymer Science,1957,24(106):201-203.
[18] WUNDERLICH B,CZORNYJ G. A study of equilibri-um melting of polyethylene[J]. Macromolecules,1977,10(5):906-913.
[19] ZANASI T,FABBRI E,PILATI F. Qualification of pipe-grade HDPEs:Part I,development of a suitable accelerated ageing method[J]. Polymer Testing,2009,28(1):96-102.DOI:10. 1016/j. polymertesting. 2008. 11. 006
[20] AJIT SINGH. Irradiation of polyethylene:Some aspects of crosslinking and oxidative degradation[J].Radiation Physics and Chemistry,1999,56(4):375-380.
[21]蒋秀庭,杨旭东,胡吉勇,等.不同光源下HDPE土工膜的光氧老化性能[J].东华大学学报,2016,42(6):809-815.JIANG Xiuting,YANG Xudong,HU Juyong,et al.Photo-oxidation aging of HDPE geomembrane under different light sources[J]. Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science),2016,42(6):809-815.
[22]代军,晏华,郭骏骏,等.高密度聚乙烯DSC原位加速热老化特性研究[J].材料导报,2016,30(11):121-126.DAI Jun,YANHua,GUO Junjun,et al. Study on degradation properties of high density polyethylene by DSC in-situ accelerated thermal aging[J]. Materials Review,2016,30(11):121-126.DOI:10. 11896/j. issn. 1005-023X. 2016.22. 026