中国农产品出口现状及竞争力分析
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摘要
随着自由贸易区战略的实施,中国的农产品出口将获得良好的发展机遇,但国内农产品市场开放的压力也将不断增加。在这种情况下,扬长避短、提升中国农产品的出口竞争力、最大化农产品贸易收益就变得尤为重要。本研究从中国的农产品贸易平衡状况、农产品出口区域以及出口主体出发,分析了中国的农产品出口现状,并在此基础上,采用国际市场占有率(IMS)、显示性比较优势指数(RCA)和出口竞争力系数(CI)3个指标对中国农产品的出口竞争力进行了测算和分析。结果表明:中国的农产品总体出口竞争力相对较弱,仍需进一步提升。中国应该采取调整农业产业结构、提升农产品附加值、增强品牌效应、积极开发新兴市场等措施来进一步增强中国农产品的出口竞争力。
With the implementation of the free trade zone strategy, China's agricultural products export will enjoy good opportunities for development. However, the pressure for domestic agricultural products market to open up will also increase. Under such circumstances, how to bypass the disadvantages and improve the export competitiveness of China's agricultural products to maximize the benefits of agricultural trade becomes particularly important. From the perspectives of trade balance in agricultural products, producing areas and destinations of export products and the main exporters, we analyzed the status quo of China's agricultural products export. Based on this, the International Market Share(IMS), the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index(RCA) and the Competitiveness Index(CI) are chosen to measure and analyze the export competitiveness of China's agricultural products. The results show that the overall export competitiveness of China's agricultural products is relatively weak and needs to be further improved. Measures, such as adjusting the industrial structure of agriculture, promoting the added value of agricultural products, enhancing the brand effect and actively developing the emerging markets, should be adopted to further strengthen the export competitiveness of China's agricultural products.
With the implementation of the free trade zone strategy, China's agricultural products export will enjoy good opportunities for development. However, the pressure for domestic agricultural products market to open up will also increase. Under such circumstances, how to bypass the disadvantages and improve the export competitiveness of China's agricultural products to maximize the benefits of agricultural trade becomes particularly important. From the perspectives of trade balance in agricultural products, producing areas and destinations of export products and the main exporters, we analyzed the status quo of China's agricultural products export. Based on this, the International Market Share(IMS), the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index(RCA) and the Competitiveness Index(CI) are chosen to measure and analyze the export competitiveness of China's agricultural products. The results show that the overall export competitiveness of China's agricultural products is relatively weak and needs to be further improved. Measures, such as adjusting the industrial structure of agriculture, promoting the added value of agricultural products, enhancing the brand effect and actively developing the emerging markets, should be adopted to further strengthen the export competitiveness of China's agricultural products.
引文
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[22]潘晓莎.关于国际贸易中农产品产业链整合模式的研究[J].农业经济,2017(09):141-142.
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[2]王洪亚.入世后中国农产品出口形势及原因探究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2013.
[3]夏合群.中国农产品出口贸易现状分析与对策研究--基于金融危机背景的分析[J].上海财经大学学报,2009(5):52-59.
[4]徐明峰.全球农产品贸易与中国农产品国际竞争力研究[D].大连:东北财经大学,2012.
[5]姚二强.全球农产品贸易与中国农产品国际竞争力研究[J].南方农业,2014(15):105-106.
[6]李雪竹.全球农产品贸易与中国农产品国际竞争力研究[J].农业经济,2014(8):108-109.
[7]张莹.加入WTO后中国农产品贸易结构与国际竞争力演变趋势分析[J].世界经济与政治论坛,2013(03):139-151.
[8]耿晔强.金砖国家农产品国际竞争力比较研究[J].山西大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2015(4):116-123.
[9]张晓莲.金砖国家农产品国际贸易格局分析[J].世界农业,2014(08):123-129.
[10]何敏,张宁宁,黄泽群.中国与“一带一路”国家农产品贸易竞争性和互补性分析[J].农业经济问题,2016(11):51-60+111.
[11]冯阳.中国与东盟农产品贸易竞争性与互补性研究[J].农业现代化研究,2013(5):587-590.
[12]卢昱嘉,王萍萍,姜楠.2016年上半年中国农产品贸易特点及展望[J].农业展望,2016(9):61-64,70.
[13]陈彬.中国近10年农产品国际贸易格局变动分析[J].世界农业,2012(9):81-89.
[14]崔莉.“一带一路”沿线国家农产品贸易格局分析[J].统计与决策,2017(16):152-156.
[15]崔文静,王莉娟,贾娟.关于中国农产品国际贸易的几点思考[J].科技经济市场,2016(08):80-82.
[16]赵长和.中国和印度茶叶出口竞争力比较[J].重庆理工大学学报:社会科学版,2016(11):82-87.
[17]徐争辉.WTO框架下中国农产品出口比较优势和竞争优势研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2005.
[18]卢毓.WTO视角下中国农产品比较优势动态演进的实证研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[19]曹冬艳.FTA背景下中国农产品贸易发展对策研究[J].对外经贸,2016(10):21-23,39.
[20]李洁.“一带一路”背景下中国农产品进出口思考[J].现代商贸工业,2017(27):40-41.
[21]韩一军,姜楠,韩亭辉.“一带一路”区域中国农产品加工业“走出去”[J].农业展望,2017(8):100-106.
[22]潘晓莎.关于国际贸易中农产品产业链整合模式的研究[J].农业经济,2017(09):141-142.
[23]易攀.“一带一路”战略下中国农产品对外贸易发展问题及对策探析[J].中国集体经济,2017(26):76-77.