产业集聚、市场集中对区域创新能力的作用——基于京津冀、长三角两大经济圈制造业的比较
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摘要
产业集聚和市场集中是影响区域创新能力的重要因素。本文考察了京津冀、长三角两大经济圈制造业产业集聚与市场集中对区域技术创新能力的作用。实证分析结果表明:两大经济圈制造业集聚与市场集中均在一定程度上促进了区域创新能力的提升,但由于两大区域体制机制条件、创新环境、产业组织形态等不同,制造业产业集聚影响区域技术创新的程度、特征与路径也存在一定差别。两大经济圈应采取差异化集群发展方式,加快推进制造业集群升级,特别是应抢抓第四次工业革命发展机遇,提升制造业智能化水平,提升区域创新能力水平。
Industry agglomeration and market concentration are important factors that affect regional innovation capability. This paper empirically investigates the impact of manufacturing industry agglomeration and market concentration on the regional technological innovation capability in the two major economic circles of BeijingTianjin-Hebei and the Yangtze River delta. The empirical results show that the two major economic circles of manufacturing agglomeration and market concentration in a certain extent enhance regional innovation capability promotion,but because of different conditions,innovation environment and industrial organizations,the extent,characteristics and route of industrial agglomeration affecting regional technological innovation are also different.Both economic circles should adopt differential industrial agglomeration modes,accelerate the upgrading of industrial agglomeration,and more importantly seize the opportunities for the fourth industrial revolution,to upgrade the intelligence level of manufacturing,and to enhance the ability of regional innovation.
Industry agglomeration and market concentration are important factors that affect regional innovation capability. This paper empirically investigates the impact of manufacturing industry agglomeration and market concentration on the regional technological innovation capability in the two major economic circles of BeijingTianjin-Hebei and the Yangtze River delta. The empirical results show that the two major economic circles of manufacturing agglomeration and market concentration in a certain extent enhance regional innovation capability promotion,but because of different conditions,innovation environment and industrial organizations,the extent,characteristics and route of industrial agglomeration affecting regional technological innovation are also different.Both economic circles should adopt differential industrial agglomeration modes,accelerate the upgrading of industrial agglomeration,and more importantly seize the opportunities for the fourth industrial revolution,to upgrade the intelligence level of manufacturing,and to enhance the ability of regional innovation.
引文
[1]杜传忠.市场集中与空间集聚:现代产业组织演进的两条基本路径[J].中国工业经济,2009(7):142-151.
[2]ROSENBERG N,LANDAU R.The positive sum strategy:harnessing technology for economic growth[M].Washington,D.C.:National Academy Press,1986.
[3]DURANTON G,PUGA D.Nursery cities:urban diversity,process innovation and the life cycle of products[J].The American Economic Review,2001,91(5):1454-1477.
[4]RICHARDSON G B.Competition,innovation and increasing returns[Z].DRUID Working Papers No.96-10,1996.
[5]LUNDVALL B A.National systems of innovation:toward a theory of innovation and interactive learning[M].London:Anthem Press,2010.
[6]BAPTISTA R,SWANN P.Do firms in clusters innovate more?[J].Research Policy,1998,27(5):525-540.
[7]FELDMAN M,AUDRETSCH D.Innovation in cities:science-based diversity,specialization and localized competition[J].European Economic Reviews,1999,43(2):409-429.
[8]PACI R,USAI S.Externalities,knowledge spillovers and the spatial distribution of innovation[J].Geo Journal,1999,49(4):381-390.
[9]ANDERSSON R,QUIGLEY J M,WILHELMSSON M.Agglomeration and the spatial distribution of creativity[J].Papers in Regional Science,2005,84(3):445-464.
[10]HENDERSON V J.Marshall’s scale economies[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2003,53(1):1-28.
[11]BRULHART M,MATHYS N A.Sectoral agglomeration economics in a panel of European regions[J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,2008,38(4):348-362.
[12]ARROW K.The economic implications of learning by doing[J].Review of Economics Studies,1962,29(3):155-173.
[13]SCHUMPETER J A.Capitalism,socialism and democracy[M].New York:Harper&Brothers,1942.
[14]戚聿东.我国产业集中度与经济绩效关系的实证分析[J].首都经济贸易大学学报,1999(1):64-69.
[15]彭向,蒋传海.产业集聚、知识溢出与地区创新——基于中国工业行业的实证检验[J].经济学(季刊),2011(4):913-934.
[16]杜威剑,李梦洁.产业集聚会促进企业产品创新吗?——基于中国工业企业数据库的实证研究[J].产业经济研究,2015(4):1-9,20.
[17]沈鸿,陈丽娴.中国制造业的市场集中、地理集聚与企业绩效[J].财经论丛,2017(3):3-10.
(1)由于中国工业企业数据库中新产品产值数据自1998年开始公布,中国工业企业数据库目前更新至2013年,因此本文考察的时间范围确定为1998—2013年,由于统计原因,个别年份的部分变量数据存在缺失。
(1)衡量一个国家或地区的创新能力,往往将研发投入作为一个重要指标。
[2]ROSENBERG N,LANDAU R.The positive sum strategy:harnessing technology for economic growth[M].Washington,D.C.:National Academy Press,1986.
[3]DURANTON G,PUGA D.Nursery cities:urban diversity,process innovation and the life cycle of products[J].The American Economic Review,2001,91(5):1454-1477.
[4]RICHARDSON G B.Competition,innovation and increasing returns[Z].DRUID Working Papers No.96-10,1996.
[5]LUNDVALL B A.National systems of innovation:toward a theory of innovation and interactive learning[M].London:Anthem Press,2010.
[6]BAPTISTA R,SWANN P.Do firms in clusters innovate more?[J].Research Policy,1998,27(5):525-540.
[7]FELDMAN M,AUDRETSCH D.Innovation in cities:science-based diversity,specialization and localized competition[J].European Economic Reviews,1999,43(2):409-429.
[8]PACI R,USAI S.Externalities,knowledge spillovers and the spatial distribution of innovation[J].Geo Journal,1999,49(4):381-390.
[9]ANDERSSON R,QUIGLEY J M,WILHELMSSON M.Agglomeration and the spatial distribution of creativity[J].Papers in Regional Science,2005,84(3):445-464.
[10]HENDERSON V J.Marshall’s scale economies[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2003,53(1):1-28.
[11]BRULHART M,MATHYS N A.Sectoral agglomeration economics in a panel of European regions[J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,2008,38(4):348-362.
[12]ARROW K.The economic implications of learning by doing[J].Review of Economics Studies,1962,29(3):155-173.
[13]SCHUMPETER J A.Capitalism,socialism and democracy[M].New York:Harper&Brothers,1942.
[14]戚聿东.我国产业集中度与经济绩效关系的实证分析[J].首都经济贸易大学学报,1999(1):64-69.
[15]彭向,蒋传海.产业集聚、知识溢出与地区创新——基于中国工业行业的实证检验[J].经济学(季刊),2011(4):913-934.
[16]杜威剑,李梦洁.产业集聚会促进企业产品创新吗?——基于中国工业企业数据库的实证研究[J].产业经济研究,2015(4):1-9,20.
[17]沈鸿,陈丽娴.中国制造业的市场集中、地理集聚与企业绩效[J].财经论丛,2017(3):3-10.
(1)由于中国工业企业数据库中新产品产值数据自1998年开始公布,中国工业企业数据库目前更新至2013年,因此本文考察的时间范围确定为1998—2013年,由于统计原因,个别年份的部分变量数据存在缺失。
(1)衡量一个国家或地区的创新能力,往往将研发投入作为一个重要指标。