全球顶级国际工程承包商市场集中度及竞争强度
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摘要
进入新世纪以来国际工程承包业发展迅速、市场格局多变,亟待探察复杂环境下国际工程承包市场结构变化和竞争态势。本文基于生态学理论,提出国际工程承包业务市场集中度指数和业务市场竞争强度的定义和测量方法,以2004—2016年持续在ENR全球最大250/225家国际工程承包商榜单上排名靠前的50家企业为例,对其在房屋建筑、制造业、电力、水利、排水/废弃物、石化/工业、交通运输、有害废物处理和电信等九个领域的业务集中度和竞争强度进行测算,得出业务市场集中度指数强度图谱和各业务领域竞争强度时间序列。通过研究发现了国际工程承包业务市场的集中度变化趋势及特点和不同业务领域竞争强度变化及差异,为把握国际工程承包业务市场及竞争发展态势提供参考。
The international construction contracting industry has been developing rapidly with the volatile global market since the new century. It is urgent to explore the variation trend and competition situation of international contracting market under complex environment. According to the theory of ecology,this paper puts forward a definition and measurement method of the index of business market concentration of international construction contracting( BMCI) and the business market competitive intensity( BCI). Taking the selected top 50 enterprises those sustained on the top 250/225 international construction contractors lists published by ENR from 2004 to 2016 as samples,their BMCI and BCI are calculated in nine business industries including general buildings,manufacturing,power,water supply,sewer/waste,industry/petroleum,transportation,hazardous wastes and telecom businesses. The intensity chart of the BMCI and the time series of BCI in various business areas are obtained. The results discover the development trend and its characteristics of the BMCI,revealed the changes and differences characteristics of BCI in nine different business industries. This study provides a useful reference to grasp the trend of business market and competition development for international construction contracting.
The international construction contracting industry has been developing rapidly with the volatile global market since the new century. It is urgent to explore the variation trend and competition situation of international contracting market under complex environment. According to the theory of ecology,this paper puts forward a definition and measurement method of the index of business market concentration of international construction contracting( BMCI) and the business market competitive intensity( BCI). Taking the selected top 50 enterprises those sustained on the top 250/225 international construction contractors lists published by ENR from 2004 to 2016 as samples,their BMCI and BCI are calculated in nine business industries including general buildings,manufacturing,power,water supply,sewer/waste,industry/petroleum,transportation,hazardous wastes and telecom businesses. The intensity chart of the BMCI and the time series of BCI in various business areas are obtained. The results discover the development trend and its characteristics of the BMCI,revealed the changes and differences characteristics of BCI in nine different business industries. This study provides a useful reference to grasp the trend of business market and competition development for international construction contracting.
引文
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[17]Ramirez Jr A,Dimmick J,Feaster J,et al.Revisiting interpersonal media competition:The gratification niches of instant messaging,e-mail,and the telephone[J].Communication Research,2008,35(4):529-547.
[2]Cuervo J C,Pheng L S.Global performance measures for transnational construction corporations[J].Construction Management and Economics,2004,22(8),851-860.
[3]Korkmaz S,Messner J I.Competitive positioning and continuity of construction firms in international markets[J].Journal of Management in Engineering,2008,24(4):207-216.
[4]Tan Y T,Shen L Y,Yam M C H,et al.Contractor key competitiveness indicators(KCIs):A Hong Kong study[J].Surveying and Built Environment,2007,18(2),33-46.
[5]Zhao Z Y,Xu K,Zuo J,et al.Developing the international construction contracting market:Enterprise niche approach[J].Journal of Management in Engineering,2017,33(1):04016027-1-11.
[6]Zhao Z Y,Tang C,Zhang X,et al.Agglomeration and competitive position of contractors in the international construction sector[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2017,143(6):04017004-1-9.
[7]Yang H,Lu W S.Niche comparisons:Toward a new approach for analysing competition and organizational performance in the international construction market[J].Construction Management and Economics,2013,31(4),307-321.
[8]Yang H,Chan A P C,Yeung J F Y.Niche width,competitive positioning,and performance of international construction contractors(1992-2009)[J].Journal of Management in Engineering,2015,31(3):04014040-1-11.
[9]ENR(Engineering News-Record).The Top 250 International Contractors[EB/OL].[2016-08-01].https://www.enr.com/toplists/2016-Top-250-International-Contractors3.
[10]李德志,石强,臧润国,等.物种或种群生态位宽度与生态位重叠的计测模型[J].林业科学,2006,42(7):95-103.
[11]Hannan M T,Freeman J.The population ecology of organizations[J].American Journal of Sociology,1977,82(5):929-964.
[12]Dimmick J W,Patterson S J,Albarran A B.Competition between the cable and broadcast industries:Aniche analysis[J].Journal of Media Economics,1992,5(1):13-30.
[13]赵振宇,汤超.国际工程承包商生态位测度与分析---基于ENR国际承包商250/225强的实证研究[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2016,18(1):62-72.
[14]郭妍,徐向艺.企业生态位研究综述:概念、测度及战略运用[J].产业经济评论,2009,8(2):105-119.
[15]万伦来.企业生态位及其评价方法研究[J].中国软科学,2004,(1):73-78.
[16]葛振忠,梁嘉骅.企业生态位与现代企业竞争[J].华东经济管理,2004,18(2):113-116.
[17]Ramirez Jr A,Dimmick J,Feaster J,et al.Revisiting interpersonal media competition:The gratification niches of instant messaging,e-mail,and the telephone[J].Communication Research,2008,35(4):529-547.