多孔介质中的流动、传热与化学反应
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摘要
矿业工程中的许多生产实际问题都可以归结为多孔介质中的传递问题。多孔介质分布广泛,研究其中的流动、传热与化学反应问题具有重要的实际应用和科研价值。评述了多孔介质中流动、传热与化学反应的研究现状,分析了3个过程之间的相互关系。指出流动作为一种输运方式,携带物质和热量沿流动方向进行迁移,引起物质浓度和温度分布的改变,对传热和化学反应过程产生影响;传热通过改变温度分布,引起流体物理性质和化学性质的改变,进而影响流动和化学反应;化学反应通过消耗反应物和生成产物,改变多孔介质的孔隙结构,改变孔隙流体的物理化学性质,改变固体和流体的传热性质,进而影响流动和传热。分析表明,化学反应作为发生在微观尺度上的过程,对宏观的流动和传热过程具有明显的影响,要对这种影响进行定量描述必须发展新的跨尺度的分析、测试和计算方法。
Many practical production problems in mining engineering can be generally summarized as the transmission problems in porous media. Due to wide distribution of porous media,it is of great practical and scientific value to study the flow,heat transfer and chemical reaction of porous media. The research status on flow,heat transfer and chemical reaction of porous media was reviewed,and the relationship among three processes was analyzed. It is pointed out that flow process,as a mode of transport,carries substances and heat to migrate along the direction of flow,causing changes of the concentration and temperature distribution of substances. These will affect the heat transfer and the chemical reaction process;Heat transfer changes the physical and chemical properties of fluids by changing the temperature distribution,and thereby affects flow process and chemical reaction;Chemical reaction changes the pore structure of porous media,changes the physical and chemical properties of porous fluid,and changes the heat transfer properties of solids and fluids,and then affects flow process and heat transfer through consuming reactants and producing new material. The analysis showed that chemical reactions,as the process occurring at micro-scale,have obvious effects on macro-flow and heat transfer processes. To quantitatively describe these effects needs to develop a new method of scale-span analysis,measurement or calculation.
Many practical production problems in mining engineering can be generally summarized as the transmission problems in porous media. Due to wide distribution of porous media,it is of great practical and scientific value to study the flow,heat transfer and chemical reaction of porous media. The research status on flow,heat transfer and chemical reaction of porous media was reviewed,and the relationship among three processes was analyzed. It is pointed out that flow process,as a mode of transport,carries substances and heat to migrate along the direction of flow,causing changes of the concentration and temperature distribution of substances. These will affect the heat transfer and the chemical reaction process;Heat transfer changes the physical and chemical properties of fluids by changing the temperature distribution,and thereby affects flow process and chemical reaction;Chemical reaction changes the pore structure of porous media,changes the physical and chemical properties of porous fluid,and changes the heat transfer properties of solids and fluids,and then affects flow process and heat transfer through consuming reactants and producing new material. The analysis showed that chemical reactions,as the process occurring at micro-scale,have obvious effects on macro-flow and heat transfer processes. To quantitatively describe these effects needs to develop a new method of scale-span analysis,measurement or calculation.
引文
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[26]Wend S,Ding Y L.Heat transfer of gas flow through a packed bed[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2006,61(11):3532-3542.
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[32]Jeng T M,Rzeng S C,Hung Y H.An analytical study of local thermal equilibrium in porous heat sinks using fin theory[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2006,49(11-12):1907-1914.
[33]Sewell G L.Local thermodynamic equilibrium at three levels[J].Reports on Mathematical Physics,2013,72(3):389-404.
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[35]Mujeebu M A,Abdullah M Z,Mohamad A A,et al.Trends in modeling of porous media combustion[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2010,36(6):627-650.
[36]Barletta A,Rees D A S.Local thermal non-equilibrium analysis of the thermoconvective instability in an inclined porous layer[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2015,83:327-336.
[37]Duval F,Fichot F,Quintard M.A local thermal non-equilibrium model for two-phase flows with phase-change in porous media[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2004,47(3):613-639.
[38]Wang L Q,Zeng Z,Zhang L Q,et al.A lattice Boltzmann model for thermal flows through porous media[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,108:66-75.
[39]Gao D Y,Chen Z Q,Chen L H.A thermal lattice Boltzmann model for natural convection in porous media under local thermal nonequilibrium conditions[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,70:979-989.
[40]Amiri A,Vafai K.Analysis of dispersion effects and non-thermal equilibrium,non-Darcian,variable porosity incompressible flow through porous media[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1994,37(6):939-954.
[41]Amiri A,Vafai K.Transient analysis of incompressible flow through a packed bed[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1998,41(24):4259-4279.
[42]Ouyang X L,Vafai K,Jiang P X.Analysis of thermally developing flow in porous media under local thermal non-equilibrium conditions[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2013,67:768-775.
[43]Zhu W C,Wei C H,Liu J,et al.A model of coal-gas interaction under variable temperatures[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,86(2-3):213-221.
[44]Zhao J L,Yao J,Zhang L,et al.Pore-scale simulation of shale gas production considering the adsorption effect[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,103:1098-1107.
[45]Yaron B,Dror I,Berkowitz B.Contaminant geochemistry-a new perspective[J].The Science of Nature,2010,97(1):1-17.
[46]Miao S J,Cai M F,Guo Q F,et al.Damage effects and mechanisms in granite treated with acidic chemical solutions[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2016,88:77-86.
[47]Bracke G,Appelt K F.Methodological approach to a safety analysis of radioactive waste disposal in rock:an example[J].Progress in Nuclear Energy,2015,84:79-88.
[48]Wang Z C,Chu M S,Liu Z G,et al.Effects of temperature and atmosphere on pellets reduction swelling index[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2012,19(10):12-19.
[49]Duarte S I P,Barreto G F,Lemcoff N O.Comparison of two-dimensional models for fixed bed catalytic reactors[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1984,39(6):1017-1024.
[50]Probstein R F.Physicochemical Hydrodynamics:An Introduction[M].Boston:Butterworths,1989:1-8.
[51]Sahimi M,Gavalas G R,Tsotsis T T.Statistical and continuum models of fluid-solid reactions in porous media[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1990,45(6):1443-1502.
[52]Bryant S L,Thompson K E.Theory,modeling and experiment in reactive transport in porous media[J].Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science,2001,6(3):217-222.
[53]Wang G G X,Zhang X D,Wei X R,et al.A review on transport of coal seam gas and its impact on coalbed methane recovery[J].Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering,2011,5(2):139-161.
[54]Fu D,Zhou C Q,Chen Y.Numerical methods for simulating the reduction of iron ore in blast furnace shaft[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications,2014,6(2):021014,1-9.
[55]Meng X M,Jong W,Pal R,et al.In bed and downstream hot gas desulphurization during solid fuel gasification:a review[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2010,91(8):964-981.
[56]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media I:theoretical development of regionaveraged equations for slightly compressible single-phase flow[J].Advances in Water Resources,1996,19(1):29-47.
[57]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media II:comparison with numerical experiments for slightly compressible single-phase flow[J].Advances in Water Resources,1996,19(1):49-60.
[58]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media III:large-scale mechanical equilibrium and the regional form of Darcy's law[J].Advances in Water Resources,1998,21(7):617-629.
[59]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media IV:large-scale mass equilibrium for solute transport with adsorption[J].Advances in Water Resources,1998,22(1):33-57.
[60]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media V:two-equation model for solute transport with adsorption[J].Advances in Water Resources,1998,22(1):59-86.
[61]Jiang Y Y,Xu Z H,Peng X F.An analysis for compressible flows in a packed bed with metathesis gas-solid reaction[J].International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2011,38(8):1033-1040.
[62]Jiang Y Y,Xu Z H,Zhang M Z,et al.Interactions between gas flow and reversible chemical reaction in porous media[J].Journal of Central South University,2017,24(5):1144-1154.
[2]Scheidegger A E.The Physics of Flow through Porous Media[M].London:Oxford University Press,1958.
[3]Bear J.Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media[M].New York:Elsevier,1972.
[4]Collins R E.Flow of Fluids through Porous Materials[M].Penwell USA[:s.n],1961.
[5]Delgado J M P Q.Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media[M].New York:Springer,2012.
[6]Levich V G.Physicochemical Hydrodynamics[M].New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,1962:109-111.
[7]Adler P M.Porous Media:Geometry and Transports[M].Boston:Butterworth-Heinemann,1992:9.
[8]Bear J,Bachmat Y.Introduction to Modeling of Transport Phenomena in Porous Media[M].London:Kluwer,1990:14-29.
[9]Philip J R.Flow in porous media[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,1970,2:177-204.
[10]Szymkiewicz A.Modelling Water Flow in Unsaturated Porous Media[M].New York:Springer,2013.
[11]Adler P M.Multiphase Flow in Porous Media[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer,1995.
[12]Spanos T J T.The Thermophysics of Porous Media[M].New York:Chapman&Hall,2002:21-49.
[13]Kaviany M.Principles of Heat Transfer in Porous Media[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1991:1-9.
[14]Jiji L M.Heat Conduction[M].3nd ed.New York:Springer,2009.
[15]Whitaker S.The Method of Volume Averaging[M].New York:Springer,1998.
[16]Carbonell R G,Whitaker S.Heat and mass transfer in porous media[G]//Bear J,Corapcioglu M Y.Fundamentals of Transport Phenomena in Porous Media.Boston:Martinus Nijhoff,1984:121-198.
[17]Cheng P.Heat transfer in geothermal systems[J].Advances in Heat Transfer,1979,14:1-105.
[18]Whitaker S.Simultaneous heat,mass,and momentum transfer in porous media:a theory of drying[J].Advances in Heat Transfer,1977,13:119-203.
[19]Whitaker S.Coupled transport in multiphase systems:a theory of drying[J].Advances in Heat Transfer,1998,31:1-104.
[20]Whitaker S.Heat and mass transfer in granular porous media[J].Advances in Drying,1980,1:23-61.
[21]Moyne C,Didierjean S,Souto H P A,et al.Thermal dispersion in porous media:one-equation model[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2000,43(20):3853-3867.
[22]Lemos M J S,de Rocamora F D.Turbulent transport modeling for heated flow in rigid porous media[C]//Proceedings of the Twelfth International Heat Transfer Conference.Grenoble:[s.n.],2002:791-795.
[23]Vafai K,Tien C L.Boundary and inertia effects on flow and heat transfer in porous media[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1981,24(2):195-203.
[24]Halder A,Dhall A,Datta A K.Modeling transport in porous media with phase change:applications to food processing[J].Journal of Heat Transfer,2011,133(3):1-13.
[25]Hsu C T,Cheng P.Thermal dispersion in a porous medium[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1990,33(8):1587-1597.
[26]Wend S,Ding Y L.Heat transfer of gas flow through a packed bed[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2006,61(11):3532-3542.
[27]Quintard M,Whitaker S.One-and two-equation models for transient diffusion processes in two-phase systems[J].Advances in Heat Transfer,1993,23:369-464.
[28]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Local thermal equilibrium for transient heat conduction:theory and comparison with numerical experiments[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1995,38(15):2779-2796.
[29]Whitaker S.Local thermal equilibrium:an application to packed bed catalytic reactor design[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1986,41(8):2029-2039.
[30]Whitaker S,Improved constraints for the principle of local thermal equilibrium[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,1991,30(5):983-997.
[31]Jang S P,Kim S J.Study on local thermal equilibrium in a porous medium[J].Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineering B,2002,26(8):1172-1182.
[32]Jeng T M,Rzeng S C,Hung Y H.An analytical study of local thermal equilibrium in porous heat sinks using fin theory[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2006,49(11-12):1907-1914.
[33]Sewell G L.Local thermodynamic equilibrium at three levels[J].Reports on Mathematical Physics,2013,72(3):389-404.
[34]Rees D A S,Pop I.Local thermal non-equilibrium in porous medium convection[G]//Ingham D B,Pop I.Transport phenomena in porous media III.London:Elsevier,2005,147-173.
[35]Mujeebu M A,Abdullah M Z,Mohamad A A,et al.Trends in modeling of porous media combustion[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2010,36(6):627-650.
[36]Barletta A,Rees D A S.Local thermal non-equilibrium analysis of the thermoconvective instability in an inclined porous layer[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2015,83:327-336.
[37]Duval F,Fichot F,Quintard M.A local thermal non-equilibrium model for two-phase flows with phase-change in porous media[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2004,47(3):613-639.
[38]Wang L Q,Zeng Z,Zhang L Q,et al.A lattice Boltzmann model for thermal flows through porous media[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,108:66-75.
[39]Gao D Y,Chen Z Q,Chen L H.A thermal lattice Boltzmann model for natural convection in porous media under local thermal nonequilibrium conditions[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,70:979-989.
[40]Amiri A,Vafai K.Analysis of dispersion effects and non-thermal equilibrium,non-Darcian,variable porosity incompressible flow through porous media[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1994,37(6):939-954.
[41]Amiri A,Vafai K.Transient analysis of incompressible flow through a packed bed[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1998,41(24):4259-4279.
[42]Ouyang X L,Vafai K,Jiang P X.Analysis of thermally developing flow in porous media under local thermal non-equilibrium conditions[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2013,67:768-775.
[43]Zhu W C,Wei C H,Liu J,et al.A model of coal-gas interaction under variable temperatures[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2011,86(2-3):213-221.
[44]Zhao J L,Yao J,Zhang L,et al.Pore-scale simulation of shale gas production considering the adsorption effect[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,103:1098-1107.
[45]Yaron B,Dror I,Berkowitz B.Contaminant geochemistry-a new perspective[J].The Science of Nature,2010,97(1):1-17.
[46]Miao S J,Cai M F,Guo Q F,et al.Damage effects and mechanisms in granite treated with acidic chemical solutions[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2016,88:77-86.
[47]Bracke G,Appelt K F.Methodological approach to a safety analysis of radioactive waste disposal in rock:an example[J].Progress in Nuclear Energy,2015,84:79-88.
[48]Wang Z C,Chu M S,Liu Z G,et al.Effects of temperature and atmosphere on pellets reduction swelling index[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2012,19(10):12-19.
[49]Duarte S I P,Barreto G F,Lemcoff N O.Comparison of two-dimensional models for fixed bed catalytic reactors[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1984,39(6):1017-1024.
[50]Probstein R F.Physicochemical Hydrodynamics:An Introduction[M].Boston:Butterworths,1989:1-8.
[51]Sahimi M,Gavalas G R,Tsotsis T T.Statistical and continuum models of fluid-solid reactions in porous media[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1990,45(6):1443-1502.
[52]Bryant S L,Thompson K E.Theory,modeling and experiment in reactive transport in porous media[J].Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science,2001,6(3):217-222.
[53]Wang G G X,Zhang X D,Wei X R,et al.A review on transport of coal seam gas and its impact on coalbed methane recovery[J].Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering,2011,5(2):139-161.
[54]Fu D,Zhou C Q,Chen Y.Numerical methods for simulating the reduction of iron ore in blast furnace shaft[J].Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications,2014,6(2):021014,1-9.
[55]Meng X M,Jong W,Pal R,et al.In bed and downstream hot gas desulphurization during solid fuel gasification:a review[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2010,91(8):964-981.
[56]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media I:theoretical development of regionaveraged equations for slightly compressible single-phase flow[J].Advances in Water Resources,1996,19(1):29-47.
[57]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media II:comparison with numerical experiments for slightly compressible single-phase flow[J].Advances in Water Resources,1996,19(1):49-60.
[58]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media III:large-scale mechanical equilibrium and the regional form of Darcy's law[J].Advances in Water Resources,1998,21(7):617-629.
[59]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media IV:large-scale mass equilibrium for solute transport with adsorption[J].Advances in Water Resources,1998,22(1):33-57.
[60]Quintard M,Whitaker S.Transport in chemically and mechanically heterogeneous porous media V:two-equation model for solute transport with adsorption[J].Advances in Water Resources,1998,22(1):59-86.
[61]Jiang Y Y,Xu Z H,Peng X F.An analysis for compressible flows in a packed bed with metathesis gas-solid reaction[J].International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2011,38(8):1033-1040.
[62]Jiang Y Y,Xu Z H,Zhang M Z,et al.Interactions between gas flow and reversible chemical reaction in porous media[J].Journal of Central South University,2017,24(5):1144-1154.