软式透水管作用下边坡排水效应数值模拟
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摘要
借助PLAXIS 2D数值模拟软件在二维条件下通过工程算例对软式透水管不同布设工况下的排水效应展开研究。研究结果表明:边坡后缘水头每增高1 m,透水管最大流速以11%~44%幅度提高;透水管长度为25 m比10 m达到近似平衡的时间延长33%;透水管下端封堵比未封堵排泄速度提高近百倍;透水管孔径增大能加快渗流场的平衡过程,而对排水效果影响不大;透水管布设高程及打设角度需考虑与地下水位的相对位置,当透水管底部深入后缘丰富地下水时,随着透水管被地下水浸润的长度越长,透水管对坡体渗流场调控的范围越大,越能发挥透水管的导水能力。
As permanent facilities,the long-term stability problems of slope engineering have become increasingly prominent. Stability of slope depends greatly on the effectiveness of the drainage system,and as an important part of slope drainage system,the study of the soft permeable pipe's effect on slope seepage field is of significant importance. Therefore,using PLAXIS 2D numerical simulation software in two-dimensional condition through engineering example to study the soft permeable pipe's drainage effect under different arrangement. The results show that the rear water table of slope increases 1 meter,the maximum flow rate of the soft permeable pipe can increase 11% ~44%. 25 meters length of soft permeable pipe cost 33% more time than 10 meters length to reach the approximate balance. The drainage velocity of the lower end of the soft permeable pipe is nearly 100 times higher than that is not plugged. The increase of soft permeable pipe's aperture can speed up the seepage equilibrium process,but has little effect on the drainage effect. The layout and installation angle of soft permeable pipe should consider the relative position with the water table,when the bottom of the soft permeable pipe reaches underground water table,the more the length of soft permeable pipe being infiltrated,the greater the range of the slope seepage being controlled,and the drainage capacity of the soft permeable pipe will be increasingly developed.
As permanent facilities,the long-term stability problems of slope engineering have become increasingly prominent. Stability of slope depends greatly on the effectiveness of the drainage system,and as an important part of slope drainage system,the study of the soft permeable pipe's effect on slope seepage field is of significant importance. Therefore,using PLAXIS 2D numerical simulation software in two-dimensional condition through engineering example to study the soft permeable pipe's drainage effect under different arrangement. The results show that the rear water table of slope increases 1 meter,the maximum flow rate of the soft permeable pipe can increase 11% ~44%. 25 meters length of soft permeable pipe cost 33% more time than 10 meters length to reach the approximate balance. The drainage velocity of the lower end of the soft permeable pipe is nearly 100 times higher than that is not plugged. The increase of soft permeable pipe's aperture can speed up the seepage equilibrium process,but has little effect on the drainage effect. The layout and installation angle of soft permeable pipe should consider the relative position with the water table,when the bottom of the soft permeable pipe reaches underground water table,the more the length of soft permeable pipe being infiltrated,the greater the range of the slope seepage being controlled,and the drainage capacity of the soft permeable pipe will be increasingly developed.
引文
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[3]Rahardjo H,Hritzuk K J,Leong E C,et al.Effectiveness of horizontal drains for slope stability[J].Engineering Geology,2003,69(3/4):295-308.
[4]Santi P M,Elifrits C D,Liljegren J A.Design and installation of horizontal wick drains for landslide stabilization[J].Transportation Research Board,2001(1):58-66.
[5]张有天,陈平,王镭.有排水孔的三维渗流场的有限元—边界元耦合分析[J].水利学报,1989(5):30-434.
[6]王镭,刘中,张有天.有排水孔幕的渗流场分析[J].水利学报,1992(4):15-20.
[7]朱岳明,陈振雷,吴忄音,等.改进排水子结构法求解地下厂房洞室群区的复杂渗流场[J].水利学报,1996(9):79-85.
[8]詹美礼,速宝玉.渗流控制分析中密集排水孔模拟的新方法[J].水力发电,2000(4):23-25.
[9]王恩志,王洪涛,邓旭东.“以管代孔”——排水孔模拟方法探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(3):346-349.
[10]王恩志,王洪涛,王慧明.“以缝代井列”——排水孔幕模拟方法探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(1):98-101.
[11]胡静,陈胜宏.渗流分析中排水孔模拟的空气单元法[J].岩土力学,2003,24(2):281-283.
[12]胡静.空气单元法模拟渗流场分析中的排水孔[J].水力发电,2005,31(12):34-35.
[13]侯晓萍,徐青,陈胜宏.用空气单元法求解渗流场的逸出边界问题[J].岩土力学,2015,36(8):2345-2351.
[14]唐晓松,郑颖人,刘亮,等.水平排水孔在岸坡治理工程中的应用[J].重庆大学学报,2010,33(4):80-87.
[15]陈玮,简文彬,董岩松,等.某含软弱夹层花岗岩残积土边坡稳定性研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2014,12(6):107-111.
[16]樊秀峰,简文彬,陈晓贞.湿热风化环境下残积土性能劣化试验研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2015,13(3):1-5.