宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林建设与更新主要技术参数优化
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摘要
针对宁夏农田防护林网关键技术参数缺乏相应的基础研究与技术支撑等现状,通过分析国内外农田防护林网主要技术参数和研究现状,结合宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林生产现状,以及有害风向、季节性发生规律等,总结提出了宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林网最佳布设角度、林带宽度、理想横断面形状、网格大小、有效防护面积等。结果表明:适宜防护林主林带间距应为360 m±90 m,副林带间距以600~700 m为宜,网格面积16.67~33.33 hm2。该研究可为科学指导宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林网建立与更新提供技术支撑。
In view of lack of corresponding basic research of and technical support for the key technical parameters of Ningxia shelter-forest-network, the main technical parameters of shelter-forest-network at home and abroad were studied; and combined with production status of Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area, as well as harmful wind direction, seasonal occurrence regularity and so on, the best layout angle of shelter-forest-network, forest belt width, ideal cross-sectional shape,grid size and effective protection area in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area were systematically summarized in this paper.The result showed that the distances between main forest belts should be 360 m ± 90 m, the distances between the secondary forest belts should be 600 ~700 m, and the grid area should be 16.67 ~33.33 hm~2. The study can provide technical support for construction and renewal of shelter-forest-network in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area.
In view of lack of corresponding basic research of and technical support for the key technical parameters of Ningxia shelter-forest-network, the main technical parameters of shelter-forest-network at home and abroad were studied; and combined with production status of Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area, as well as harmful wind direction, seasonal occurrence regularity and so on, the best layout angle of shelter-forest-network, forest belt width, ideal cross-sectional shape,grid size and effective protection area in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area were systematically summarized in this paper.The result showed that the distances between main forest belts should be 360 m ± 90 m, the distances between the secondary forest belts should be 600 ~700 m, and the grid area should be 16.67 ~33.33 hm~2. The study can provide technical support for construction and renewal of shelter-forest-network in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area.
引文
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[14]叶富功,张水松,徐俊森,等.木麻黄低效防护林的结构特征和防护效能研究[J].防护林科技,2000(专刊1):29-32.
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[16]常彬,陈泓,马波.宁夏风区分布特征及输电线路防风策略研究[J].宁夏电力,2015(6):11-17.
[17]刘英姿.腾格里沙漠中格状沙丘形态及成因研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2013.
[18]佘海峰.高层公共建筑基地环境要素的设计表达——以银川市兴庆区为例[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2006.
[19]张克存,屈建军,俎瑞平,等.腾格里沙漠东南缘风沙活动动力条件分析——以沙坡头地区为例[J].干旱区地理,2008(5):643-649.
[20]左忠.宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林体系优化研究[M].银川:黄河出版传媒集团宁夏人民教育出版社,2016:170-172.
[21]左忠,潘占兵,王宁庚,等.宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林网更新技术与对策[J].宁夏农林科技,2017,58(1):35-37,61.
[2]朱教君,姜凤岐,范志平.林带空间配置与布局优化研究[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(8):1205-1212.
[3]曹新孙,姜凤岐,雷启迪.自由林网对农田地形的影响[J].生态学报,1981,1(2):112-116.
[4]朱廷曜,关德新,吴家兵,等.论林带防风效应结构参数与应用[J].林业科学,2004,40(4):9-14.
[5]查同刚,孙向阳,于卫平.宁夏地区农田防护林结构与小气候效应[J].中国水土保持科学,2004,2(4):82-86.
[6]宋海燕,李春艳,李传荣.泥质海岸防护林土壤微生物、酶与土壤养分的研究[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(1):157-159.
[7]曹新孙.农田防护林学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1983.
[8]孙旭,刘静,布和.内蒙古河套灌区农田防护林效益研究[J].内蒙古林学院学报:自然科学版,1999,21(3):33-37.
[9]朱廷曜,关德新,孔繁智.模型林带附近乱流特征的观测研究[J].中国农业气象,1990,11(3):22-26.
[10]刘建勋,张继义,孔东升.河西走廊中部农田防护林防风效应初探[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1996,31(3):239-242.
[11]李成烈,赵凌泉,鞠瑞彬,等.农田防护林林网内的湍流和平行风[J].防护林科技,1989(6):1-5.
[12]郭学斌.影响农田防护林防风效益的主导因子探讨[J].山西林业科技,1996(2):5-9.
[13]刘艳萍,高永.防护林降解近地表沙降尘机理的研究[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(1):163-165.
[14]叶富功,张水松,徐俊森,等.木麻黄低效防护林的结构特征和防护效能研究[J].防护林科技,2000(专刊1):29-32.
[15]向开馥.防护林学[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社,1991:82-103.
[16]常彬,陈泓,马波.宁夏风区分布特征及输电线路防风策略研究[J].宁夏电力,2015(6):11-17.
[17]刘英姿.腾格里沙漠中格状沙丘形态及成因研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2013.
[18]佘海峰.高层公共建筑基地环境要素的设计表达——以银川市兴庆区为例[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2006.
[19]张克存,屈建军,俎瑞平,等.腾格里沙漠东南缘风沙活动动力条件分析——以沙坡头地区为例[J].干旱区地理,2008(5):643-649.
[20]左忠.宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林体系优化研究[M].银川:黄河出版传媒集团宁夏人民教育出版社,2016:170-172.
[21]左忠,潘占兵,王宁庚,等.宁夏引黄灌区农田防护林网更新技术与对策[J].宁夏农林科技,2017,58(1):35-37,61.