南海北部深水坡折带双方位地震采集设计与应用
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摘要
南海北部深水区是当前油气地震勘探的热点和难点区域,陆架坡折区崎岖海底发育,水深急剧变化,常规的窄方位地震采集难以满足坡折变水深下的地震成像和目标评价的需要。以南海北部琼东南陵水某勘探区为例,针对该区地震地质特点,通过正演模拟和照明统计分析等技术综合分析了地下各目的层上有效覆盖次数和照明能量分布,开展了面向地质目标的窄方位、双方位釆集观测系统评价对比分析,确定了一套适合于靶区的双方位采集设计方案和具体参数。采集应用结果表明,双方位采集有效提高了坡折中深层的地震成像品质,其结果可为其他深水海域勘探提供借鉴指导意义。
At present,oil and gas seismic exploration is a hotspot,but also a difficulty in the northern South China Sea.Water depth changes dramatically in the rough deep sea bottom of the continental-shelf slope break area.Therefore,it is difficult for the conventional narrow azimuth acquisition to meet the requirements of seismic imaging of the slope break sea and the target evaluation.Taking the survey in Lingshui of northern South China Sea as an example,based on the geological characteristics of the survey,forward modeling and illumination statistic analysis and other methods are used to analyze the effective folds of each underground target formation and the distribution of illumination energy,then tocomparatively analyze the observation system evaluation of the narrow azimuth and dual azimuth acquisition for the geological target,and finally,the dual azimuth acquisition design suitable for target survey and the specific parameters are proposed.The result shows that dual azimuth acquisition can effectively improve medium-deep seismic imaging quality in the slope break area,which provides reference guidance for the other deep-water exploration.
At present,oil and gas seismic exploration is a hotspot,but also a difficulty in the northern South China Sea.Water depth changes dramatically in the rough deep sea bottom of the continental-shelf slope break area.Therefore,it is difficult for the conventional narrow azimuth acquisition to meet the requirements of seismic imaging of the slope break sea and the target evaluation.Taking the survey in Lingshui of northern South China Sea as an example,based on the geological characteristics of the survey,forward modeling and illumination statistic analysis and other methods are used to analyze the effective folds of each underground target formation and the distribution of illumination energy,then tocomparatively analyze the observation system evaluation of the narrow azimuth and dual azimuth acquisition for the geological target,and finally,the dual azimuth acquisition design suitable for target survey and the specific parameters are proposed.The result shows that dual azimuth acquisition can effectively improve medium-deep seismic imaging quality in the slope break area,which provides reference guidance for the other deep-water exploration.
引文
[1]邓勇,李列,柴继堂,等.琼东南盆地深水区地震资料品质影响因素探析[J].中国海上油气,2010,,2(6):382-386.
[2]杨川恒,杜栩,潘和顺,等.国外深水领域有气勘探新进展及我国南海北部陆坡深水区油气勘探潜力[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):247-256
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[4]朱四新,王绪本,陈辉,等.某区块三维深水采集设计与论证[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):2061-2067.
[5]Hoffmann H.Illumination,resolution,and image quality of PP-and PS-waves for survey planning[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(9):1009-1014.
[6]Renaud Laurain,Vetle Vinje.Simulated migration amplitude for improving amplitude estimates in seismic illumination studies[J].The Leading Edge,2004,23(3):240-245.
[7]但志伟,李三福,刘杰明,等.正演模拟技术在深水地震采集设计中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2011,8(2):149-154.
[8]谢小碧,何永清,李培明.地震照明分析及其在地震采集设计中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(5):1568-1581.
[9]Bear G,Liu C P,Lu R,et al.The construction of subsurface illumination and amplitude maps via ray tracing[J].The Leading Edge,2000,19(7):726-728.
[2]杨川恒,杜栩,潘和顺,等.国外深水领域有气勘探新进展及我国南海北部陆坡深水区油气勘探潜力[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):247-256
[3]Vermeer G J O.Responses to wide azimuth acquisition special section[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(1):26-30.
[4]朱四新,王绪本,陈辉,等.某区块三维深水采集设计与论证[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):2061-2067.
[5]Hoffmann H.Illumination,resolution,and image quality of PP-and PS-waves for survey planning[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(9):1009-1014.
[6]Renaud Laurain,Vetle Vinje.Simulated migration amplitude for improving amplitude estimates in seismic illumination studies[J].The Leading Edge,2004,23(3):240-245.
[7]但志伟,李三福,刘杰明,等.正演模拟技术在深水地震采集设计中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2011,8(2):149-154.
[8]谢小碧,何永清,李培明.地震照明分析及其在地震采集设计中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(5):1568-1581.
[9]Bear G,Liu C P,Lu R,et al.The construction of subsurface illumination and amplitude maps via ray tracing[J].The Leading Edge,2000,19(7):726-728.