不同小麦品种对干旱锻炼响应的综合评价
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摘要
为明确不同小麦品种对干旱锻炼响应的差异,采用PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫,选取江苏、山东、河南、河北等地大面积种植的110个小麦品种进行水培试验,分析了不同小麦品种叶片相对含水量、叶面积、地上部干鲜重、根干鲜重、植株干物质积累量、根系形态、脯氨酸含量、可溶性总糖含量和蔗糖含量等14个指标的锻炼系数,通过主成分分析、聚类分析方法对这些品种的锻炼响应进行综合评价。结果表明,干旱胁迫下经锻炼处理的植株各指标总体均值大于未经锻炼处理的植株。小麦不同指标的锻炼系数存在差异,其中,可溶性糖、脯氨酸等渗透物质含量的锻炼系数较大。采用主成分分析将14个形态及生理指标综合成4个相互独立的综合指标,其累计贡献率为77.178%;根据主成分综合得分评价值进行系统聚类,可将110个小麦品种分为锻炼敏感型和锻炼不敏感型两大类,前者包括扬麦158、晋麦33、济麦22、豫麦47、洛旱11等81个品种;后者包括淮麦20、淮麦28、泗水38、苏麦188等29个品种。
In order to determine the effects of drought priming on plant tolerance,110 wheat cultivars from provinces of Jiangsu,Shandong,Henan and Hebei were used as experimental materials under drought conditions simulated by PEG 6000.Fourteen morphological and physiological indices priming coefficient(PI)were analyzed,including leaf relative water content,leaf area,shoot fresh and dry weight,root fresh and dry weight,root morphological,plant dry weight,proline content,total soluble sugar content and sucrose content.Comprehensive evaluation for wheat drought priming response was achieved through principal components analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that under drought stress the mean value of each index of the primed plants were greater than non-primed plants.And the priming coefficient among different wheat indices were different,and the priming coefficient of soluble sugar and proline were changed greatly.Meanwhile,significant correlation was found existed among different drought priming indices.Upon analysis of principal component,fourteen indices were transformed to four independent comprehensive indices,which total cumulative rate reached to77.178%.Based on the principal component comprehensive score evaluation value,110 wheat cultivarswere divided into two groups.The first category including 81 cultivars,such as Yangmai 158,Jinmai33,Jimai 22,Yumai 47 and Luohan 11 belonged to the drought priming sensitive varieties.The second category included 29 cultivars,such as Huaimai 20,Huaimai 28,Sishui 38 and Sumai 188,which belonged to the drought priming non-sensitive varieties.
In order to determine the effects of drought priming on plant tolerance,110 wheat cultivars from provinces of Jiangsu,Shandong,Henan and Hebei were used as experimental materials under drought conditions simulated by PEG 6000.Fourteen morphological and physiological indices priming coefficient(PI)were analyzed,including leaf relative water content,leaf area,shoot fresh and dry weight,root fresh and dry weight,root morphological,plant dry weight,proline content,total soluble sugar content and sucrose content.Comprehensive evaluation for wheat drought priming response was achieved through principal components analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that under drought stress the mean value of each index of the primed plants were greater than non-primed plants.And the priming coefficient among different wheat indices were different,and the priming coefficient of soluble sugar and proline were changed greatly.Meanwhile,significant correlation was found existed among different drought priming indices.Upon analysis of principal component,fourteen indices were transformed to four independent comprehensive indices,which total cumulative rate reached to77.178%.Based on the principal component comprehensive score evaluation value,110 wheat cultivarswere divided into two groups.The first category including 81 cultivars,such as Yangmai 158,Jinmai33,Jimai 22,Yumai 47 and Luohan 11 belonged to the drought priming sensitive varieties.The second category included 29 cultivars,such as Huaimai 20,Huaimai 28,Sishui 38 and Sumai 188,which belonged to the drought priming non-sensitive varieties.
引文
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[22]赖运平,李俊,张泽全,等.小麦苗期抗旱相关形态指标的灰色关联度分析[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(6):1055.LAI Y P,LI J,ZHANG Z Q,et al.Grey correlation analysis of morphological traits related to drought tolerance of wheat at seedling stage[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2009,29(6):1055.
[23]马富举,李丹丹,蔡剑,等.干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗根系生长和叶片光合作用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):724.MA F U,LI D D,CAI J,et al.Responses of wheat seedlings root growth and leaf photosynthesis to drought stress[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(3):724.
[24]王川,谢惠民,王娜,等.小麦品种可溶性糖和保护性酶与抗旱性关系研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(5):96.WANG C,XIE H M,WANG N,et al.Study on the relation of soluble sugar,ptotective enzyme and drought resistance in wheat[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2011,29(5):96.
[25]周芳,刘恩世,孙海彦,等.前期干旱锻炼对木薯根系内源激素及可溶性糖含量的影响[J].热带作物学报,2013,34(3):491.ZHOU F,LIU E S,SUN H Y,et al.Effect of drought hardening on the content of endogenous phytohormone and soluble sugar in cassava roots[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2013,34(3):491.
[26]姜淑欣,刘党校,庞红喜,等.PEG胁迫及复水对不同抗旱性小麦幼苗脯氨酸代谢关键酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(8):1584.JIANG S X,LIU D X,PANG H X,et al.Effects of peg stress and recovery on activities of key enzymes involved in proline metabolism in wheat cultivars with difference in drought tolerance[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2014,34(8):1584.
[27]ABID M,TIAN Z W,ATA-Ul-KARIM S T,et al.Improved tolerance to post-anthesis drought stress by pre-drought priming at vegetative stages in drought-tolerant and-sensitive wheat cultivars[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2016,106:218.
[28]李春喜,郭雪妮,张黛静,等.轻度干旱胁迫下黄淮麦区不同基因型小麦的响应分析[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(9):1446.LI C X,GUO X N,ZHANG D J,et al.Response of different genotypes wheat to light drought stress in the Huang-Huai Plain[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(9):1446.
[29]兰巨生,胡福顺,张景瑞.作物抗旱指数的概念和统计方法[J].华北农学报,1990,5(2):21.LAN J S,HU F S,ZHANG J R.The concept and statistical method of drought resistance index in crops[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,1990,5(2):21.
[30]赵红梅,郭程瑾,段巍巍,等.小麦品种抗旱性评价指标研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2007,8(1):77.ZHAO H M,GUO C J,DUAN W W,et al.Studies on evaluation indices for drought resistance capacity in wheat varieties[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2007,8(1):77.
[31]何晓群.应用多元统计分析[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2015:214.HE X Q.Applied mutivariate statistical[M].Beijing:China Statistics Press,2015:214.
[32]白志英,李存东,孙红春,等.小麦代换系抗旱生理指标的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(12):4270.BAI Z Y,LI C D,SUN H X,et al.Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation on physiological indices of drought resistance in wheat substitution[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2008,41(12):4270.
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[2]段舜山,谷文祥,张大勇,等.半干旱地区小麦群体的根系特征与抗旱性的关系[J].应用生态学报,1997,8(2):135.DUAN S S,GU W X,ZHANG D Y,et al.Relationship between root system characteristics and drought resistance of wheat populations in semiarid region[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1997,8(2):135.
[3]SELOTE D S,KHANNA-CHOPRA R.Drought acclimation confers oxidative stress tolerance by inducing co-ordinated antioxidant defense at cellular and subcellular level in leaves of wheat seedlings[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2006,127:494.
[4]WALTER J,JENTSCH A,BEIERKUHNLEIN C,et al.Ecological stress memory and cross stress tolerance in plants in the face of climate extremes[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2013,94(5):5.
[5]TALEBI R.Evaluation of chlorophyll content and canopy temperature as indicators for drought tolerance in durum wheat(Triticum durum Desf.)[J].Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences,2011,5(11):1457.
[6]Mkel P,Peltonen-Sainio P,Jokinen K,et al.Uptake and translocation of foliar-applied glycinebetaine in crop plants[J].Plant Science,1996,121(2):221.
[7]WALTER J,NAGY L,HEIN R,et al.Do plants remember drought?Hints towards a drought-memory in grasses[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2011,71(1):34.
[8]王海燕,赵晓红,吴玉美,等.干旱锻炼对提高辣椒抗旱性的形成研究[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(1):34.WANG H Y,ZHAO X H,WU Y M,et al.Improving drought resistance of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)through drought hardening[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),2015,30(1):34.
[9]WANG X,DINLER B S,VIGNJEVIC M,et al.Physiological and proteome studies of responses to heat stress during grain filling in contrasting wheat cultivars[J].Plant Science,2015,230(0):33.
[10]ZHANG X X,WANG X,ZHONG J W,et al.Drought priming induces thermo-tolerance to post-anthesis high-temperature in offspring of winter wheat[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2016,127:26.
[11]LI X N,Topbjerg H B,Jiang D,et al.Drought priming at vegetative stage improves the antioxidant capacity and photosynthesis performance of wheat exposed to a short-term low temperature stress at jointing stage[J].Plant and Soil,2015,393(1):307.
[12]KRUGMAN T,CHAGUE V,PELEG Z,et al.Multilevel regulation and signalling processes associated with adaptation to terminal drought in wild emmer wheat[J].Functional and Integrative Genomics,2010,10(2):167.
[13]张龙龙,杨明明,董剑,等.三个小麦新品种不同生育阶段抗旱性的综合评价[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(4):429.ZHANG L L,YANG M M,DONG J,et al.Comprehensive analysis of drought resistance of three new wheat cultivars at different growth stages[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2016,36(4):429.
[14]景蕊莲,昌小平,胡荣海.冬小麦幼苗根系形态性状及抗旱性的遗传[J].遗传,1998(s1):92.JING R L,CHANG X P,HU R H.Heredities of root morphology traits and drought resistance for winter wheat seedling[J].Heredit,1998(s1):92.
[15]胡雯媚,王思宇,樊高琼,等.西南麦区小麦品种苗期抗旱性鉴定及其指标筛选[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(2):185.HU W M,WANG S Y,FAN G Q,et al.Analysis on the drought resistance and screening of drought resistance appraisal indexes of wheat cultivars in seedling stage in southweat area[J].Journal of Triticease Crops,2016,36(2):185.
[16]王曙光,周福平,孙黛珍.渗透胁迫对六倍体小黑麦幼苗叶片相对含水量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2007,35(8):4.WANG S G,ZHOU F P,SUN D Z.Effects of PEG stress on relative water content in leaves of hexaploid triticale seedlings[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2007,35(8):4.
[17]张殿忠,汪沛洪,赵会贤.测定小麦叶片游离脯氨酸含量的方法[J].植物生理学报,1990(4):62.ZHANG D Z,WANG P H,ZHAO H X.Determination of the content of free proline in wheat leaves[J].Plant Physiology Communication,1990(4):62.
[18]杨书运,严平,梅雪英.水分胁迫对冬小麦抗性物质可溶性糖与脯氨酸的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(12):230.YANG S Y,YAN P,MEI X Y.The impact on soluble sugar and proline contents under different water stress[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2007,23(12):230.
[19]李亚楠,刘雪艳,师亚琴,等.陕A群、陕B群选育的玉米自交系氮效率评价[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(11):1526.LI Y N,LIU X Y,SHI Y Q,et al.Evaluation of nitrogen efficiency for selected Shaan A and B maize inbred lines[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2016,24(11):1526.
[20]王秀玲,程序,李桂英.甜高粱耐盐材料的筛选及芽苗期耐盐性相关分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1243.WANG X L,CHENG X,LI G Y.Screening sweet sorghum varieties of salt tolerance and correlation analysis among salt tolerance indices in sprout stage[J].Chinese Journal of EcoAgriculture,2010,18(6):1243.
[21]黄英,张波,武晓娟,等.基于主成分分析的绿豆沙加工用品种筛选[J].食品科学,2012,33(13):106.HUANG Y,ZHANG B,WU X J,et al.Variety screening for mung bean paste production based on principal component analysis[J].Food Science,2012,33(13):106.
[22]赖运平,李俊,张泽全,等.小麦苗期抗旱相关形态指标的灰色关联度分析[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(6):1055.LAI Y P,LI J,ZHANG Z Q,et al.Grey correlation analysis of morphological traits related to drought tolerance of wheat at seedling stage[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2009,29(6):1055.
[23]马富举,李丹丹,蔡剑,等.干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗根系生长和叶片光合作用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):724.MA F U,LI D D,CAI J,et al.Responses of wheat seedlings root growth and leaf photosynthesis to drought stress[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(3):724.
[24]王川,谢惠民,王娜,等.小麦品种可溶性糖和保护性酶与抗旱性关系研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(5):96.WANG C,XIE H M,WANG N,et al.Study on the relation of soluble sugar,ptotective enzyme and drought resistance in wheat[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2011,29(5):96.
[25]周芳,刘恩世,孙海彦,等.前期干旱锻炼对木薯根系内源激素及可溶性糖含量的影响[J].热带作物学报,2013,34(3):491.ZHOU F,LIU E S,SUN H Y,et al.Effect of drought hardening on the content of endogenous phytohormone and soluble sugar in cassava roots[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2013,34(3):491.
[26]姜淑欣,刘党校,庞红喜,等.PEG胁迫及复水对不同抗旱性小麦幼苗脯氨酸代谢关键酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(8):1584.JIANG S X,LIU D X,PANG H X,et al.Effects of peg stress and recovery on activities of key enzymes involved in proline metabolism in wheat cultivars with difference in drought tolerance[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2014,34(8):1584.
[27]ABID M,TIAN Z W,ATA-Ul-KARIM S T,et al.Improved tolerance to post-anthesis drought stress by pre-drought priming at vegetative stages in drought-tolerant and-sensitive wheat cultivars[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2016,106:218.
[28]李春喜,郭雪妮,张黛静,等.轻度干旱胁迫下黄淮麦区不同基因型小麦的响应分析[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(9):1446.LI C X,GUO X N,ZHANG D J,et al.Response of different genotypes wheat to light drought stress in the Huang-Huai Plain[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(9):1446.
[29]兰巨生,胡福顺,张景瑞.作物抗旱指数的概念和统计方法[J].华北农学报,1990,5(2):21.LAN J S,HU F S,ZHANG J R.The concept and statistical method of drought resistance index in crops[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,1990,5(2):21.
[30]赵红梅,郭程瑾,段巍巍,等.小麦品种抗旱性评价指标研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2007,8(1):77.ZHAO H M,GUO C J,DUAN W W,et al.Studies on evaluation indices for drought resistance capacity in wheat varieties[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2007,8(1):77.
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