中国农村比城镇基础教育绩效低在哪?——基于两阶段DEA-truncated分析的新证据
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摘要
我国城乡基础教育绩效仍存在一定差距,通过DEA动静态模型测算我国29个省份2011-2017年城乡基础教育绩效,发现其差距具体表现在技术进步和规模效率上,主要原因是经济发展水平、财政自由度、城镇化、居民贫困化程度。无论是政府和个人,增加总支出基础教育规模效率均随之提高,但政府的一般预算支出较城乡居民的个人消费支出结果更显著。为缩小基础教育绩效的城乡差距,必须优化要素结构,补齐农村基础教育的短板,加强绩效管理,精准供给。
There is still a certain gap in the performance of basic education between urban and rural areas in China.Using the DEA model and Malmquist model to measure the performance of urban and rural basic education in29 provinces in China from 2011 to 2017, we canfind the paper find that the gap is mainly reflected in technological progress and scale efficiency, and its main reasons are the level of economic development, financial freedom,urbanization and the degree of residents' poverty. Both the government's and individuals' input can increase the scale efficiency of basic education, but the general budget expenditure is more significant than the individual consumption expenditure. In order to narrow the gap between urban and rural performance of basic education, it is necessary to optimize the structure of basic education resources, strengthen the weak links in rural basic education and performance management, and ensure targeted supply.
There is still a certain gap in the performance of basic education between urban and rural areas in China.Using the DEA model and Malmquist model to measure the performance of urban and rural basic education in29 provinces in China from 2011 to 2017, we canfind the paper find that the gap is mainly reflected in technological progress and scale efficiency, and its main reasons are the level of economic development, financial freedom,urbanization and the degree of residents' poverty. Both the government's and individuals' input can increase the scale efficiency of basic education, but the general budget expenditure is more significant than the individual consumption expenditure. In order to narrow the gap between urban and rural performance of basic education, it is necessary to optimize the structure of basic education resources, strengthen the weak links in rural basic education and performance management, and ensure targeted supply.
引文
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[13]安秀梅,李丽珍,王东红.财政分权、官员晋升激励与区域共享发展[J].经济与管理评论,2018,34(4):27-39.
[14]刘蓉,刘楠楠,黄策.地区间外溢性公共品的供给承诺与匹配率研究[J].经济研究,2013,(10):112-123.
[15]刘凌,方艳,黄恺泰.富裕促进教育公平的省际差异分析--基于全国和省级的数据[J].上海对外经贸大学学报,2018,25(1):49-58.
[16]尹海洁,唐雨.贫困测量中恩格尔系数的失效及分析[J].统计研究,2009,26(5):54-58.
[17]Simar L,Wilson P W.Estimation and inference in two-stage,semi-parametric models of production processes[J].Journal of Econometrics,2007,136(1):31-64.
[2]杨东平.高等教育入学机会:扩大之中的阶层差距[J].清华大学教育研究,2006,(1):19-25.
[3]李晓静.知沟视域中农村基础教育信息化的现状与建议--基于河南修武申国完小的质化研究[J].中国电化教育,2017,(12):53-58+74.
[4]朱健,徐雷,王辉.教育代际传递的城乡差异研究--基于中国综合社会调查数据的验证[J].教育与经济,2018,(6):45-55.
[5]Hanushek E A.The Economics of Schooling:Production and Efficiency in Public Schools[J].Journal of Economic Literature,1986,24(3):1141-1177.
[6]胡咏梅,杜育红.中国西部农村初级中学配置效率评估:基于DEA方法[J].教育学报,2009,5(5):108-114.
[7]李玲,陶蕾.我国义务教育资源配置效率评价及分析--基于DEA-Tobit模型[J].中国教育学刊,2015,(4):53-58.
[8]王良健,胡盛娟,陶娟.我国省域城乡教育绩效分析--基于DEA方法(1998-2007)[J].教育科学,2010,26(5):33-37.
[9]李颖晖.教育程度与分配公平感:结构地位与相对剥夺视角下的双重考察[J].社会,2015,35(1):143-160.
[10]杜文静,葛新斌.统筹城乡义务教育发展面临的困境与战略选择[J].教育发展研究,2016,(18):18-24.
[11]Borger B D,Kerstens K.Cost Efficiency of Belgian Local Governments:A Comparative Analysis of FDH,DEA,and Econometric Approaches[J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,1996,26(2):145-170.
[12]Geys B,Moesenn W.Measming local government technical in efficiency:An application and comparison of FDH,DEA,and econometric approaches[J].Public Performance&Managenment Review,2009,32:499-513.
[13]安秀梅,李丽珍,王东红.财政分权、官员晋升激励与区域共享发展[J].经济与管理评论,2018,34(4):27-39.
[14]刘蓉,刘楠楠,黄策.地区间外溢性公共品的供给承诺与匹配率研究[J].经济研究,2013,(10):112-123.
[15]刘凌,方艳,黄恺泰.富裕促进教育公平的省际差异分析--基于全国和省级的数据[J].上海对外经贸大学学报,2018,25(1):49-58.
[16]尹海洁,唐雨.贫困测量中恩格尔系数的失效及分析[J].统计研究,2009,26(5):54-58.
[17]Simar L,Wilson P W.Estimation and inference in two-stage,semi-parametric models of production processes[J].Journal of Econometrics,2007,136(1):31-64.