尾缘柔性变形对翼型水动力学性能的影响
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摘要
流体机械柔性叶片特有的性能引起越来越多的关注,柔性叶片潮流能水轮机因叶片自适应变形,具有不同于刚性叶片水轮机的水动力学性能。首先从二维层面分析柔性尾缘变形对翼型水动力学性能的影响。利用ANSYS对创建的柔性叶片模型进行静力学分析,获得翼型截面变形后的节点数据,建立变形后的翼型模型。利用CFD仿真软件,采用k-ωSST的湍流模型,对比分析原始翼型和变形后翼型升阻力系数、表面压力系数分布及流场变化。结果表明:尾缘柔性变形对翼型性能有较大影响,适当变形可以提高翼型的升力系数;变形后翼型升阻比在一定攻角下大于原始翼型,有利于改善原始翼型的水动力学性能。
There is growing concern about the inherent performance of flexible blade of fluid machinery.The dynamic performance of the flexible blade tidal turbine is different from that of the rigid blade turbine due to adaptive deformation of the blades.Two dimensional analysis was conducted on the effect of flexible trailing edge bending of the hydrofoil on its hydrodynamic performance.Static analysis was carried out on the flexible blade model by using software ANSYS,data of the nods of the hydrofoil section was obtained,and the model of the hydrofoil after deformation was established.By using CFD simulation software with the k-ωSST turbulence model,lift and drag coefficient,surface pressure coefficient and flow field of the hydrofoil before and after deformation was compared.The results show that the flexible deformation of the trailing edge had a great influence on the performance of the hydrofoil,and the lift coefficient of the airfoil could be improved by right deformation;The hydrofoil lift drag ratio at a certain angle of attack was larger than that of the original hydrofoil,which helps to improve the hydrodynamic performance of the original hydrofoil.
There is growing concern about the inherent performance of flexible blade of fluid machinery.The dynamic performance of the flexible blade tidal turbine is different from that of the rigid blade turbine due to adaptive deformation of the blades.Two dimensional analysis was conducted on the effect of flexible trailing edge bending of the hydrofoil on its hydrodynamic performance.Static analysis was carried out on the flexible blade model by using software ANSYS,data of the nods of the hydrofoil section was obtained,and the model of the hydrofoil after deformation was established.By using CFD simulation software with the k-ωSST turbulence model,lift and drag coefficient,surface pressure coefficient and flow field of the hydrofoil before and after deformation was compared.The results show that the flexible deformation of the trailing edge had a great influence on the performance of the hydrofoil,and the lift coefficient of the airfoil could be improved by right deformation;The hydrofoil lift drag ratio at a certain angle of attack was larger than that of the original hydrofoil,which helps to improve the hydrodynamic performance of the original hydrofoil.
引文
[1]戴庆忠.潮流能发电及潮流能发电装置[J].东方电机,2010(2):51-66.DAI Qing-Zhong.Tidal current power generation and power flow energy generating device[J].Dongfang Electrical Machine,2010(2):51-66.
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[8]徐国武,白鹏.翼型连续变形过程中非定常气动特性研究[J].力学季刊,2012,33(2):165-173.XU Guo-Wu,BAI Peng.study on unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils with continuous morphing[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2012,33(2):165-173.
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[10]叶舟,赵海洋,高伟,等.柔性翼型主动控制与气动特性分析[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(10):884-887.YE Zhou,ZHAO Hai-Yang.Analysis on active control and aerodynamic characteristics of flexible airfoil[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2013,31(10):884-887.
[11] Daynes S,Weaver P M.Design and testing of a deformable wind turbine blade control surface[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2012,21(10):52-53.
[12]张旭,李伟,邢静忠.相对弯度对钝尾缘改型提升翼型气动性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(8):214-219.ZHAO Xu,LI Wei,XING Jing-Zhong.Effect of relative camber on improving airfoil aerodynamic performance by blunt trailingedge modification[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(8):214-219.
[13]刘雪峰.潮流能水轮机叶片设计及其性能研究[D].舟山:浙江海洋学院,2014.LIU Xue-Feng.Blade Design and Performance Analysis of Tidal Current Energy Turbine[D].Zhoushan:Zhejiang Ocean University,2014.
[14]余畏,张明明,徐建中.基于柔性尾缘襟翼的风电叶片气动载荷智能控制[C].//中国工程热物理学会.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2012.YU Wei,ZHANG Ming-Ming,XU Jing-Zhong.Effect of smart rotor control using deformable trailing edge flap on aerodynamic load reduction[C].//Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics.Beijing:Science and Technology of China Press,2012.
[2]田美灵,刘雪峰,王晋宝,等.潮流能水轮机叶片翼型水动力性能的数值模拟研究[J].水电能源科学,2014(12):139-142.TIAN Mei-Ling,LIU Xue-Feng,WANG Jin-Bao,et al.Numerical simulation of hydrodynamic performance of blade airfoil of tidal current energy turbine[J].Water Resources and Power,2014(12):139-142.
[3]王树杰.柔性叶片潮流能水轮机水动力学性能研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2009.WANG Shu-Jie.Study on Hydrodynamic Performances of a Tidal Current Energy Conversion Device with Flexible Blade Turbine[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2009.
[4] Murray R E,Gracie K.Design of a passively adaptive rotor blade for optimized performance of a horizontal-axis tidal turbine[C].//Denmark:European Wave and Tidal Conference,2014.
[5] Hoogedoorn E,Jacobs G B,Byrne A.Aero-elastic behavior of a flexible blade for wind turbine application:A 2Dcomputational study[J].Energy,2010,35(2):778-785.
[6] Lachenal X,Daynes S,Weaver P M.Review of morphing concepts and materials for wind turbine blade applications[J].Wind Energy,2013,16(2):283-307.
[7]卢天宇,吴小胜.翼型前缘变形对动态失速效应影响的数值计算[J].航空学报,2014,35(4):986-994.LU Tian-Yu,WU Xiao-Sheng.Numerical calculation effects of deforming leading edge on airfoil dynamic stall control[J].Acta Aeronautical et Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(4):986-994.
[8]徐国武,白鹏.翼型连续变形过程中非定常气动特性研究[J].力学季刊,2012,33(2):165-173.XU Guo-Wu,BAI Peng.study on unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils with continuous morphing[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2012,33(2):165-173.
[9]郭秋亭,张来平,常兴华,等.多段翼型局部主动变形流动控制的非定常数值模拟[J].空气动力学学报,2011,29(5):607-612.GUO Qiu-ting,ZHANG Lai-ping,CHANG Xin-Hua.Numerical simulation of unsteady turbulence flow over multi-element airfoil with local active morphing for separation flow controlling[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica,2011,29(5):607-612.
[10]叶舟,赵海洋,高伟,等.柔性翼型主动控制与气动特性分析[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(10):884-887.YE Zhou,ZHAO Hai-Yang.Analysis on active control and aerodynamic characteristics of flexible airfoil[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2013,31(10):884-887.
[11] Daynes S,Weaver P M.Design and testing of a deformable wind turbine blade control surface[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2012,21(10):52-53.
[12]张旭,李伟,邢静忠.相对弯度对钝尾缘改型提升翼型气动性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(8):214-219.ZHAO Xu,LI Wei,XING Jing-Zhong.Effect of relative camber on improving airfoil aerodynamic performance by blunt trailingedge modification[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(8):214-219.
[13]刘雪峰.潮流能水轮机叶片设计及其性能研究[D].舟山:浙江海洋学院,2014.LIU Xue-Feng.Blade Design and Performance Analysis of Tidal Current Energy Turbine[D].Zhoushan:Zhejiang Ocean University,2014.
[14]余畏,张明明,徐建中.基于柔性尾缘襟翼的风电叶片气动载荷智能控制[C].//中国工程热物理学会.北京:中国科学技术出版社,2012.YU Wei,ZHANG Ming-Ming,XU Jing-Zhong.Effect of smart rotor control using deformable trailing edge flap on aerodynamic load reduction[C].//Chinese Society of Engineering Thermophysics.Beijing:Science and Technology of China Press,2012.