北京市6～13岁儿童维生素A营养水平及影响因素
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摘要
目的:了解北京市6～13岁儿童维生素A营养水平及影响因素。方法:于2017年采用多阶段分层抽样对北京市982名6～13岁儿童进行调查,分析血清维生素A水平与食物种类、视黄醇活性当量摄入量、血生化指标、体格等指标的关联。结果:血清维生素A缺乏率和边缘缺乏率分别为0. 10%、10. 5%;膳食维生素A摄入量低于平均需要量的比例为71. 6%(以视黄醇活性当量计);血清维生素A水平与年龄、BMI、血红蛋白水平、铁蛋白水平、蔬菜摄入量存在显著正相关(P <0. 05),与超敏C反应蛋白存在显著负相关(P <0. 05)。结论:北京市6～13岁儿童维生素A整体缺乏率较低,但仍有部分儿童处于边缘缺乏状态。膳食维生素A摄入量按视黄醇活性当量计算不能满足膳食营养素推荐供给量的风险高,蔬菜摄入量可能是血清维生素A水平的影响因素之一。
Objective To understand the level of vitamin A nutrition and its influencing factors among children aged 6 ～ 13 in Beijing city. Method Totally 982 childern aged 6 ～ 13 years in Beijing city were investigated by multi-stage stratified sampling in 2017. The correlation between serum vitamin A level and food types,retinol active equi vitamin A lent intake,blood biochemical and physical measurement was analyzed. Result Serum vitamin A deficiency rate and marginal deficiency rate were 0. 10% and 10. 5% respectively. The proportion of dietary vitamin A intake below average requirement was 71. 6%(measured by retinol activity equi vitamin A lent). Serum vitamin A level was positively correlated with age,BMI,hemoglobin,ferritin,vegetable intake(P < 0. 05),and was negatively correlated with hypersensitive C-reactive protein(P < 0. 05). Conclusion The rate of vitamin A deficiency among children aged 6 ～ 13 in Beijing city is low,but some children are still marginal deficiency. Dietary vitamin A intake calculated by retinol activity equi vitamin A lent is at high risk of not meeting the recommended dietary nutrient supply. Vegetable intake may be one of the factors affecting blood vitamin A level.
Objective To understand the level of vitamin A nutrition and its influencing factors among children aged 6 ～ 13 in Beijing city. Method Totally 982 childern aged 6 ～ 13 years in Beijing city were investigated by multi-stage stratified sampling in 2017. The correlation between serum vitamin A level and food types,retinol active equi vitamin A lent intake,blood biochemical and physical measurement was analyzed. Result Serum vitamin A deficiency rate and marginal deficiency rate were 0. 10% and 10. 5% respectively. The proportion of dietary vitamin A intake below average requirement was 71. 6%(measured by retinol activity equi vitamin A lent). Serum vitamin A level was positively correlated with age,BMI,hemoglobin,ferritin,vegetable intake(P < 0. 05),and was negatively correlated with hypersensitive C-reactive protein(P < 0. 05). Conclusion The rate of vitamin A deficiency among children aged 6 ～ 13 in Beijing city is low,but some children are still marginal deficiency. Dietary vitamin A intake calculated by retinol activity equi vitamin A lent is at high risk of not meeting the recommended dietary nutrient supply. Vegetable intake may be one of the factors affecting blood vitamin A level.
引文
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[2]丁媛慧,孙中厚.维生素A缺乏与儿童感染性疾病[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(1):48-50.
[3]视黄酸信号和细胞周期因子Geminin对胚胎左右不对称模式建立的调控机制研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2011.
[4]杨茹莱,陈彩霞,陈黎勤,等.浙江省0~6岁儿童血清维生素A水平调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2000,8(3):160-161.
[5]中国食物成分表[M].北京:北京大学医学出版社,2002.
[6]杨春.中国6~13岁儿童和孕妇维生素A营养状况分析[D].北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2016.
[7]黄磊,赵耀,赵海燕,等.北京城区儿童青少年维生素A营养状况评价[C].中国营养学会第十一次全国营养科学大会暨国际DRIs研讨会.
[8]沙怡梅,赵耀,徐筠,等.北京郊区农村学生维生素A营养状况调查[J].卫生研究,2014,43(3):497-499.
[9]喻颖杰,余晓辉,郭丹丹,等.北京小学生维生素A膳食供给与营养状况关系探讨[J].首都公共卫生,2017,11(4):155-158.
[10]García O P,Ronquillo D,Del C C M,et al.Zinc,iron and vitamins A,C and e are associated with obesity,inflammation,lipid profile and insulin resistance in Mexican schoolaged children[J].Nutrients,2013,5(12):5012-5030.
[11]Gunanti I R,Marks G C,Almamun A,et al.Low serum concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin E are associated with high adiposity in Mexican-American children[J].Journal of Nutrition,2014,144(4):489-495.
[12]Farhangi M A,Kesha VArz S A,Eshraghian M,et al.Vitamin A supplementation,serum lipids,liver enzymes and C-reactive protein concentrations in obese women of reproductive age[J].Annals of Clinical Biochemistry,2013,50(1):25-30.
[13]Landrier J F,Marcotorchino J,Tourniaire F.Lipophilic micronutrients and adipose tissue biology[J].Nutrients,2012,4(11):1622-1649.
[14]张娟,敖淑清,徐济达,等.维生素A锌铁及其联合应用对维生素A缺乏的影响[J].中国学校卫生,2009,30(4):344-347.
[15]Hotz C,Chileshe J,Siamusantu W,et al.Vitamin A intake and infection are associated with plasma retinol among pre-school children in rural Zambia[J].Public Health Nutr,2012,15(9):1688-1696.
[16]郎巧英,陈香秋.儿童微量元素含量与贫血关系研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2013,28(23):3877-3878.
[17]Osamu U,Motoshi H,Hiroshi H,et al.Pharmacokinetics of darbepoetin alfa after single,intravenous or subcutaneous administration in Japanese pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease[J].Clinical&Experimental Nephrology,2014,18(6):932-938.
[18]维生素A缺乏对肝脏铁代谢的影响及机制研究[D].重庆:重庆医科大学,2009.
[19]Mejía L A,Arroyave G.The effect of vitamin A fortification of sugar on iron metabolism in preschool children in Guatemala[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1982,36(1):87-93.
[20]Semba R D,Bloem M W.The anemia of vitamin A deficiency:epidemiology and pathogenesis[J].Eur J Clin Nutr,2002,56(4):271-281.
[21]Diniz A S,Santos L M.Vitamin A deficiency and xerophtalmia[J].J Pediatr,2000,76 Suppl 3(8):S311.