半干旱矿区作物对土壤含水率和圆锥指数的影响
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摘要
[目的]研究半干旱矿区不同作物在不同阶段对土壤含水率和土壤圆锥指数的影响。[方法]在对同一块耕地进行均匀施肥、统一耕作以及灌溉后,划分4个区域,分别种植黄豆、玉米、大豆、绿豆4种作物。分别于作物收割前22 d、作物收割前1 d以及收割后33 d对4种农作物种植区的土壤进行土壤圆锥指数和土壤质量含水率的测定,研究同一作物在不同阶段对土壤圆锥指数和土壤质量含水率的影响,以及不同作物同一阶段对土壤圆锥指数和土壤质量含水率的影响。[结果]种植作物可以增加土壤表层的土壤质量含水率,同时降低土壤圆锥指数;不同作物对土壤圆锥指数和土壤质量含水率的影响程度存在一定差异;线性模型能够较好地表征土壤质量含水率与土壤圆锥指数的定量化关系。[结论]该研究为半干旱矿区土壤环境治理和土地复垦提供理论依据和实际应用价值。
[Objective] To study the effect of different crops on soil cone index and soil water content in different times.[Method]Unified fertilization,cultivation and irrigation were conducted in a cultivated field.Then this field was divided into four sections which were cultivated with yellow bean,corn,soybean and green bean,respectively.22 days,1day before and 33 days after the crops were harvested,soil cone index and soil water content were determined in the four cultivated sections.Based on the analysis of variation for soil cone index and soil water content with different crops or different periods,the effect of crop on soil cone index and soil water content was studied.[Result]Crops could increase soil water content and decrease soil cone index at the soil surface;Effects of different crops on soil cone index and soil water content were various.The linear regression model for the relationship between soil water content and soil cone index was valid,considering the complex situation in the field experiment.[Conclusion] The study provides theoretical basis and practical application value for soil environmental governance and semi-arid mining area land reclamation.
[Objective] To study the effect of different crops on soil cone index and soil water content in different times.[Method]Unified fertilization,cultivation and irrigation were conducted in a cultivated field.Then this field was divided into four sections which were cultivated with yellow bean,corn,soybean and green bean,respectively.22 days,1day before and 33 days after the crops were harvested,soil cone index and soil water content were determined in the four cultivated sections.Based on the analysis of variation for soil cone index and soil water content with different crops or different periods,the effect of crop on soil cone index and soil water content was studied.[Result]Crops could increase soil water content and decrease soil cone index at the soil surface;Effects of different crops on soil cone index and soil water content were various.The linear regression model for the relationship between soil water content and soil cone index was valid,considering the complex situation in the field experiment.[Conclusion] The study provides theoretical basis and practical application value for soil environmental governance and semi-arid mining area land reclamation.
引文
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[11]林剑辉,孙宇瑞,曾庆猛,等.土壤圆锥指数、水分与容重耦合模型的试验比较研究:Ⅱ.水分与深度的影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(1):62-68.
[12]张立彬.土壤含水量和土壤紧实度对土壤圆锥指数值影响的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,1993,9(2):41-44.
[13]AYERS P D,PERUMPRAL J V.Moisture and density effect on cone index[J].Transactiong of the asae,1982,25(5):1169-1172.
[14]BUSSCHER W.Adjustment of flat-tipped penetrometer resistance data to a common water content[J].Trans Am Soc Agric Eng,1990,33:519-524.
[15]林剑辉,孙宇瑞,曾庆猛,等.土壤圆锥指数、水分与容重耦合模型的试验比较:Ⅰ.模型性能的统计检验与容重预测[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2008,16(6):779-786.
[16]焦彩强,王益权,刘军,等.关中地区耕作方法与土壤紧实度时空变异及其效应分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(3):7-12.
[17]张兴义,隋跃宇.土壤压实对农作物影响概述[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(10):161-164.
[18]格雷戈里.作物根的发育与功能[M].陈放,译.成都:四川大学出版社,1992.
[2]JIN K M,SHEN J B,ASHTON R W,et al.How do roots elongate in a structured soil?[J].Journal of experimental botany,2013,64(15):4761-4777.
[3]REBETZKE G J,KIRKEGAARD J A,WATT M,et al.Genetically vigorous wheat genotypes maintain superior early growth in no-till soils[J].Plant&soil,2013,377(1/2):127-144.
[4]李朝苏,汤永禄,黄钢,等.麦稻轮作区周年耕作模式对作物产量和土壤特性的影响[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(3):786-791.
[5]刘禹池.保护性耕作下不同施肥处理对作物产量和土壤理化性质的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2012.
[6]穆心愿,赵亚丽,李潮海.耕作方式和秸秆还田对黄淮海区小麦玉米根系生长和作物产量的影响[C]//2014年全国青年作物栽培与生理学术研讨会论文集.扬州:中国作物学会,2014.
[7]王缠军.保护性耕作措施对作物产量及土壤肥力的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[8]王金贵,王益权,徐海,等.农田土壤紧实度和容重空间变异性研究[J].土壤通报,2012(3):594-598.
[9]NAWAZ M F,BOURRIG,TROLARD F.Soil compaction impact and modelling.A review[J].Agronomy for sustainable development,2013,33(2):291-309.
[10]HERNANZ J L,PEIXOTO H,CERISOLA C,et al.An empirical model to predict soil bulk density profiles in field conditions using penetration resistance,moisture content and soil depth[J].Journal of terramechanics,2000,37(4):167-184.
[11]林剑辉,孙宇瑞,曾庆猛,等.土壤圆锥指数、水分与容重耦合模型的试验比较研究:Ⅱ.水分与深度的影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2009,17(1):62-68.
[12]张立彬.土壤含水量和土壤紧实度对土壤圆锥指数值影响的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,1993,9(2):41-44.
[13]AYERS P D,PERUMPRAL J V.Moisture and density effect on cone index[J].Transactiong of the asae,1982,25(5):1169-1172.
[14]BUSSCHER W.Adjustment of flat-tipped penetrometer resistance data to a common water content[J].Trans Am Soc Agric Eng,1990,33:519-524.
[15]林剑辉,孙宇瑞,曾庆猛,等.土壤圆锥指数、水分与容重耦合模型的试验比较:Ⅰ.模型性能的统计检验与容重预测[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2008,16(6):779-786.
[16]焦彩强,王益权,刘军,等.关中地区耕作方法与土壤紧实度时空变异及其效应分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(3):7-12.
[17]张兴义,隋跃宇.土壤压实对农作物影响概述[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(10):161-164.
[18]格雷戈里.作物根的发育与功能[M].陈放,译.成都:四川大学出版社,1992.