典型平原河网区突发性水污染预警
|
摘要
针对平原河网区突发性水污染事故的危害性,构建包含事故模拟模型和预警模型的突发性水污染快速预警体系。事故模拟模型由一维水动力水质模型和保守物质水质模型耦合而成,模拟污染物运移变化过程;事故预警模型基于模拟模型输出结果,综合四个预警指标量化污染事故产生的危害性影响。以宜兴河网为例,设置三种不同源强的情景方案,应用所建立的快速预警体系对各方案进行比较分析,结果表明,污染源排放强度与定量指标最大水质超标倍数正相关,与事故响应时间负相关;目标断面与事故源的距离和最大水质超标倍数负相关,与事故响应时间正相关;整体上源强越大或者目标断面距离事故源越近,预警级别越高。研究成果可为平原河网区水污染事故预警提供参考。
Aiming at the harmfulness of sudden water pollution in plain river network area,a rapid early-warning system of sudden water pollution including accident simulation model and early-warning model was established.The accident simulation model was made up of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model and a conservative material water quality model,and it was used to simulate the process of transport and change of pollutants.The accident early-warning model was based on the output of the simulation model,and the harmfulness of pollution accident was quantified by combining four early-warning indexes.Taking the Yixing river network as an example,three scenarios were set up based on different emission intensity of pollution sources,and the established rapid early-warning system was applied to compare and analyze each scheme.The results show that the emission intensity of the pollution sources is positively related to the maximum multiple of water quality exceeding standard,and is negatively related to the response time of accident;the distance between the target section and the accident source is negatively related to the maximum multiple of water quality exceeding standard,and is positively related to the response time of accident;on the whole,the stronger the source strength or the closer the target section is to accident source,the higher the early-warning level is.The research results can provide reference for early-warning of water pollution accidents in plain river network area.
Aiming at the harmfulness of sudden water pollution in plain river network area,a rapid early-warning system of sudden water pollution including accident simulation model and early-warning model was established.The accident simulation model was made up of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model and a conservative material water quality model,and it was used to simulate the process of transport and change of pollutants.The accident early-warning model was based on the output of the simulation model,and the harmfulness of pollution accident was quantified by combining four early-warning indexes.Taking the Yixing river network as an example,three scenarios were set up based on different emission intensity of pollution sources,and the established rapid early-warning system was applied to compare and analyze each scheme.The results show that the emission intensity of the pollution sources is positively related to the maximum multiple of water quality exceeding standard,and is negatively related to the response time of accident;the distance between the target section and the accident source is negatively related to the maximum multiple of water quality exceeding standard,and is positively related to the response time of accident;on the whole,the stronger the source strength or the closer the target section is to accident source,the higher the early-warning level is.The research results can provide reference for early-warning of water pollution accidents in plain river network area.
引文
[1]孙雯,封莉,孙德智,等.宜兴市莲花荡水系水环境质量现状及其水质评价[J].环境保护前沿,2014(4):60-66.
[2]褚君达.河网对流输移问题的求解及应用[J].水利学报,1994(10):14-23.
[3]程文辉,王船海,朱琰.太湖流域模型[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2006.
[4] Saad Y.A Flexible Inner-outer Preconditioned GMRES Algorithm[J].SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing,1993,14(2):461-469.
[5] Morgan R B.A Restarted GMRES Method Augmented with Eigenvectors[J].SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis&Applications,1995,16(4):1 154-1 171.
[6]李大勇.区域水量水质联合调度对太湖水生态环境影响效应评估研究[D].南京:河海大学,2002.
[7]吴春,徐阳明,李达,等.一维非恒定流模型在太湖湖滨地区的应用研究[J].水电能源科学,2009,27(4):134-137.
[8]尹亮,逄勇,潘晨,等.常州市水源地水污染风险等级判定[J].水资源保护,2013,29(2):28-32.
[2]褚君达.河网对流输移问题的求解及应用[J].水利学报,1994(10):14-23.
[3]程文辉,王船海,朱琰.太湖流域模型[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2006.
[4] Saad Y.A Flexible Inner-outer Preconditioned GMRES Algorithm[J].SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing,1993,14(2):461-469.
[5] Morgan R B.A Restarted GMRES Method Augmented with Eigenvectors[J].SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis&Applications,1995,16(4):1 154-1 171.
[6]李大勇.区域水量水质联合调度对太湖水生态环境影响效应评估研究[D].南京:河海大学,2002.
[7]吴春,徐阳明,李达,等.一维非恒定流模型在太湖湖滨地区的应用研究[J].水电能源科学,2009,27(4):134-137.
[8]尹亮,逄勇,潘晨,等.常州市水源地水污染风险等级判定[J].水资源保护,2013,29(2):28-32.