贵州天柱烟区烤烟品种(系)的筛选
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摘要
[目的]筛选出适宜天柱烟区气候的后备烤烟品种。[方法]以云烟87和K326为对照,2015年在天柱基地单元进行了3个品种(系)的筛选试验,对其农艺性状、田间发病率、产质量性状进行比较。[结果]贵烟9号、贵烟14抗根茎性病害强,明显高于对照,在根茎性病害较重区域,产量、产值均优于对照;贵烟9号易感叶斑类病,成熟度要求高,烘烤特性为中,初烤烟叶桔黄较多;贵烟14号易烘烤,烤后烟叶颜色偏淡;贵烟13号早生快发明显,成熟早,易烘烤,杂色率低,均价高,产值较高,上部烟叶特征不明显,抗根茎性病害能力与K326相当,产值量均高于对照。[结论]贵烟9号、贵烟14号抗根茎性病害明显强于对照K326和云烟87,适宜根茎性病害较严重区域,但贵烟9号不易烘烤,成熟度要求高;贵烟13号适宜种植于病害较轻的地区和烟稻两熟烟区。
[Objective] To screen out the reserved flue-cured tobacco varieties suitable for the climate in Tianzhu tobacco area. [Method]With Yunyan 87 and K326 as the control,the screening test of three varieties( lines) was carried out in the base unit of Tianzhu in 2015.And their agronomic characters,field incidence,yield and quality characters were compared. [Result] The resistance to rhizome disease of Guiyan 9 and Guiyan 14 was stong,and was significantly higher than that of the control. And the yield and output value of rhizome disease were better than those of the control. Guiyan 9 was susceptible to leaf spot disease,the maturity requirement was high,the baking characteristics was medium,the color of early flue-cured tobacco leaves was mainly orange; Guiyan 14 was easy to bake,the color of tobacco leaves was light; Guiyan 13 showed early growth,quick tiller,early mature,easy to bake,low mixed color rate,high average price,and high output value. The characteristics of upper leaves were not obvious,the resistance of Guiyan 13 to root disease was equal to K326,the output value was higher than the control. [Conclusion] The resistance to rhizome disease of Guiyan 9 and Guiyan 14 was significantly stronger than those of controls K326 and Yunyan 87,which were suitable to be planted in areas with relatively serious rhizome diseases,but Guiyan 9 was not easy to bake and the maturity requirement was high. Guiyan 13 was suitableto be planted in areas with lighter diseases and tobacco-rice two mature tobacco growing areas
[Objective] To screen out the reserved flue-cured tobacco varieties suitable for the climate in Tianzhu tobacco area. [Method]With Yunyan 87 and K326 as the control,the screening test of three varieties( lines) was carried out in the base unit of Tianzhu in 2015.And their agronomic characters,field incidence,yield and quality characters were compared. [Result] The resistance to rhizome disease of Guiyan 9 and Guiyan 14 was stong,and was significantly higher than that of the control. And the yield and output value of rhizome disease were better than those of the control. Guiyan 9 was susceptible to leaf spot disease,the maturity requirement was high,the baking characteristics was medium,the color of early flue-cured tobacco leaves was mainly orange; Guiyan 14 was easy to bake,the color of tobacco leaves was light; Guiyan 13 showed early growth,quick tiller,early mature,easy to bake,low mixed color rate,high average price,and high output value. The characteristics of upper leaves were not obvious,the resistance of Guiyan 13 to root disease was equal to K326,the output value was higher than the control. [Conclusion] The resistance to rhizome disease of Guiyan 9 and Guiyan 14 was significantly stronger than those of controls K326 and Yunyan 87,which were suitable to be planted in areas with relatively serious rhizome diseases,but Guiyan 9 was not easy to bake and the maturity requirement was high. Guiyan 13 was suitableto be planted in areas with lighter diseases and tobacco-rice two mature tobacco growing areas
引文
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[8]李雪君,平文丽,李耀宇,等.河南省烤烟品种利用现状及发展方向探讨[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(8):42-45.
[2]徐益群,田育天,张留臣,等.美引烤烟品种NC297不同海拔生态适应性研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(22):167-172.
[3]吴兴富,肖炳光,寸锦芬,等.津巴布韦烤烟品种在云南中低海拔区域的比较试验[J].江西农业大学学报,2011,33(2):222-227.
[4]常寿荣,徐兴阳,罗华元,等.美国引进烤烟新品种的筛选及利用[J].昆明学院学报,2008,30(4):50-54.
[5]许自成,黎妍妍,肖汉乾,等.湘南烟区生态因素与烤烟质量的综合评价[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(1):226-234.
[6]李尊强,李慧,郭振楠,等.美引烤烟品种在黑龙江烟区的生态适应性研究[J].农学学报,2017,7(1):57-62.
[7]周金仙,白永福,张恒,等.云南烟草品种区域试验研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2004,19(1):78-85.
[8]李雪君,平文丽,李耀宇,等.河南省烤烟品种利用现状及发展方向探讨[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(8):42-45.