欧洲氢能发展现状前景及对中国的启示
|
摘要
欧洲历来重视和支持发展氢能,并将氢能看做未来减少碳排放的重要能源选项。根据对欧洲氢能发展现状和未来潜力的研究,有望在交通、工业、供热等多个领域、局部地区实现对化石燃料的大规模替代。当前,化石燃料制氢+碳捕集和封存(CCS)是低碳制氢的现实方式,未来电解水制氢将逐渐成为最重要的低碳制氢方式。大幅增加的可再生能源发电的限电电量将是未来以低成本大规模生产氢的重要能量来源,交通和供热将是氢能重要发展领域。中国可考虑加快氢能生产技术研发,探索从单纯生产氢产品,向"蓝氢""绿氢"过渡的可能路径,发挥各领域的应用潜力,推动氢能产业化进程。
Europe has always been paying much attention to and supporting hydrogen industry development and sees hydrogen as an important technology choice to reduce carbon emissions from energy sector. According to IHS Markit's research on status-in-quo and future for hydrogen development in Europe, hydrogen has the potential to replace the fossil fuels in large scale in such multiple sectors as transport, industry, heat supply, etc. Fossil-based hydrogen with carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) is currently the most viable option to produce low-carbon hydrogen, and renewable powerbased hydrogen(from electrolysis) will gradually become the most important pathway to produce low carbon hydrogen. The increasing curtailed renewable power will become the most important energy source for massive production of cheap hydrogen. Transport and heating will be two most important sectors for future hydrogen application. China may consider accelerating technology research and development on hydrogen production and exploring possible pathways from pure hydrogen production to the scenario of "blue hydrogen" & "green hydrogen", and the potential application of hydrogen in various sectors, and facilitating the industrialization of hydrogen industry.
Europe has always been paying much attention to and supporting hydrogen industry development and sees hydrogen as an important technology choice to reduce carbon emissions from energy sector. According to IHS Markit's research on status-in-quo and future for hydrogen development in Europe, hydrogen has the potential to replace the fossil fuels in large scale in such multiple sectors as transport, industry, heat supply, etc. Fossil-based hydrogen with carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) is currently the most viable option to produce low-carbon hydrogen, and renewable powerbased hydrogen(from electrolysis) will gradually become the most important pathway to produce low carbon hydrogen. The increasing curtailed renewable power will become the most important energy source for massive production of cheap hydrogen. Transport and heating will be two most important sectors for future hydrogen application. China may consider accelerating technology research and development on hydrogen production and exploring possible pathways from pure hydrogen production to the scenario of "blue hydrogen" & "green hydrogen", and the potential application of hydrogen in various sectors, and facilitating the industrialization of hydrogen industry.
引文
[1]SRINIVASAN Shankari.Hydrogen:The missing piece of the zero-carbon puzzle[R].IHS Markit Report,2018.
[2]中国标准化研究院,全国氢能标准化技术委员会.中国氢能产业基础设施发展蓝皮书(2018)[M].北京:中国质检出版社,中国标准出版社,2018.
[3]YAMAGUCHI Yuko,HE Henry,SURESH Bala,GUBLERRalf.Hydrogen-CEH,Chemical Economics Hand Book[R].IHS Markit Report,2018.
[4]FRENCH Sam,MATTHEY Johnson.A discussion of alternatives to conventional reforming of natural gas[R].IHSMarkit Report,2018.
[5]NELSON Amanda.Equinor partners with utility companies to propose using hydrogen for heating[R].IHS Markit Report,2018.
[6]中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司.中国车用氢能产业发展报告(2018)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2018.
[2]中国标准化研究院,全国氢能标准化技术委员会.中国氢能产业基础设施发展蓝皮书(2018)[M].北京:中国质检出版社,中国标准出版社,2018.
[3]YAMAGUCHI Yuko,HE Henry,SURESH Bala,GUBLERRalf.Hydrogen-CEH,Chemical Economics Hand Book[R].IHS Markit Report,2018.
[4]FRENCH Sam,MATTHEY Johnson.A discussion of alternatives to conventional reforming of natural gas[R].IHSMarkit Report,2018.
[5]NELSON Amanda.Equinor partners with utility companies to propose using hydrogen for heating[R].IHS Markit Report,2018.
[6]中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司.中国车用氢能产业发展报告(2018)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2018.