平滑永磁同步风电系统功率波动的改进最佳转矩控制策略
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摘要
由于风速的易变性,在采用传统控制方法控制风力发电系统时,往往使得风力发电系统的输出功率产生巨大波动。随着风力发电的电网穿透率的增加,风力发电系统的输出功率波动会对整个电网的稳定运行造成较大影响。为了抑制风力发电系统输出功率的波动,在分析了传统风力发电系统最佳转矩控制策略的基础上,提出了一种带低通滤波器的最佳转矩控制策略。在分析了引入的低通滤波器对系统的影响后,给出该低通滤波器应有的幅频特性,提出了采用零极点配置的方法来设计此种低通滤波器。最后,建立了一个额定功率为1.6MW的永磁同步风力发电系统仿真模型,对传统最佳转矩控制和所述控制策略进行了仿真对比研究,仿真结果验证了所提出的控制策略具有更好的平滑功率波动的能力。
Due to the wind variability,the output of wind generator fluctuates greatly under traditional control strategies.As with increasing penetration of the wind power,the fluctuation of wind power would have a serious influence on the power system operation.Based on the analysis of the general optimal torque control strategy,an improved optimal torque control strategy with a low pass filter(LPF) is proposed to smooth the fluctuations.After analyzing the impact of the LPF on the system,the requisite amplitude-frequency characteristic of it is presented.Then pole-zero configuration approach is used to design the LPF.Finally,a simulation model of 1.6 MW permanent magnet synchronous generator is developed.And a comparison study between the general optimal torque control strategy and the proposed control strategy is carried out.It can be concluded from the simulation results that the proposed control strategy has superior performance in smoothing the power fluctuations.
Due to the wind variability,the output of wind generator fluctuates greatly under traditional control strategies.As with increasing penetration of the wind power,the fluctuation of wind power would have a serious influence on the power system operation.Based on the analysis of the general optimal torque control strategy,an improved optimal torque control strategy with a low pass filter(LPF) is proposed to smooth the fluctuations.After analyzing the impact of the LPF on the system,the requisite amplitude-frequency characteristic of it is presented.Then pole-zero configuration approach is used to design the LPF.Finally,a simulation model of 1.6 MW permanent magnet synchronous generator is developed.And a comparison study between the general optimal torque control strategy and the proposed control strategy is carried out.It can be concluded from the simulation results that the proposed control strategy has superior performance in smoothing the power fluctuations.
引文
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[2]朱卫平,王秀丽,王锡凡,等.变速变频风力发电系统最优风能捕获运行方式[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(11):94-98.ZHU Weiping,WANG Xiuli,WANG Xifan.Optimal windpower capturing operational mode of a variable-speed variable-frequency wind power generation system[J].Automation ofElectric Power Systems,2009,33(11):94-98.
[3]CHINCHILLA M,ARNALTES S,BURGOS J C.Control ofpermanent-magnet generators applied to variable-speed wind-energy systems connected to the grid[J].IEEE Trans on EnergyConversion,2006,21(1):130-135.
[4]廖勇,庄凯,姚骏,等.直驱式永磁同步风力发电机双模功率控制策略的仿真研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(33):76-82.LIAO Yong,ZHUANG Kai,YAO Jun,et al.Dual-modepower control strategy simulation study of direct-drivenpermanent magnet synchronous generator for wind turbine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(33):76-82.
[5]肖磊,黄守道,黄科元,等.直驱型永磁同步风力发电机机侧变流器谐波抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(6):31-37.XIAO Lei,HUANG Shoudao,HUANG Keyuan,et al.Harmonic suppression for the motor-side converter of thedirectly-driven wind turbine with PM synchronous generator[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(6):31-37.
[6]白鸿斌,王瑞红.风电场并网对电网电能质量的影响分析[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2012,24(1):120-124.BAI Hongbin,WANG Ruihong.Influence of grid-connectedwind farm on power quality[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2012,24(1):120-124.
[7]LUO C L,FAR H G,BANAKAR H,et al.Estimation of windpenetration as limited by frequency deviation[J].IEEE Trans onEnergy Conversion,2007,22(3):783-791.
[8]MUYEEN S M,TAKAHASHI R,MURATA T,et al.Integration of an energy capacitor system with a variable-speedwind generator[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2009,24(3):740-749.
[9]SENJYU T,SAKAMOTO R,URASAKI N,et al.Outputpower leveling of wind turbine generator for all operating regionsby pitch angle control[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2006,21(2):467-475.
[10]NGUYEN T H,LEE D C,SONG S H,et al.Improvement ofpower quality for PMSG wind turbine systems[C]//Proceedings of 2010IEEE Energy Conversion Congress andExposition,September 12-16,2010,Atlanta,GA,USA:2763-2770.
[11]TELEKE S,BARAN M E,BHATTACHARYA S,et al.Optimal control of battery energy storage for wind farmdispatching[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2010,25(3):787-794.
[12]BREKKEN T K A,YOKOCHI A,von JOUANNE A,et al.Optimal energy storage sizing and control for wind powerapplications[J].IEEE Trans on Sustainable Energy,2011,2(1):69-77.
[13]张坤,毛承雄,陆继明,等.基于储能的直驱风力发电系统的功率控制[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(7):7-14.ZHANG Kun,MAO Chengxiong,LU Jiming,et al.Powercontrol strategy of directly driven wind turbine with energystorage system[J].Transactions of China ElectrotechnicalSociety,2011,26(7):7-14.
[14]赵仁德,王永军,张加胜.直驱式永磁同步风力发电系统最大功率追踪控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(27):106-111.ZHAO Rende,WANG Yongjun,ZHANG Jiasheng.Maximum power point tracking control of the wind energygeneration system with direct-driven permanent magnetsynchronous generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(27):106-111.
[15]LUO C L,BANAKAR H,SHEN B,et al.Strategies tosmooth wind power fluctuations of wind turbine generator[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2007,22(2):341-349.