双层壳体缩比模型材料阻尼相似研究
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摘要
声学相似性是水下目标缩比模型试验的基础。因为目标外部线型的尺度相似只能反映几何亮点回波特性,对于和材料紧密相关的弹性亮点回波特性不能完全模拟。为了有效地利用缩比模型模拟测试实际潜艇回波,在外部线型和厚度相似的基础上,研究材料的阻尼相似问题。本文以水中双层球壳和柱壳为理论模型,研究双层壳体模型和原型用同一种材料制作时材料损耗对相似性的影响及不同金属材料的阻尼对目标强度的影响。理论分析和数值计算表明:金属材料损耗因子对缩比模型的声学相似性影响很小。
Acoustic similarity is the base of scaled model tests of underwater target. Because the scale similarity of target external lines can only reflect the echo characteristics of geometric highlights, and the echo characteristics of elastic highlights closely related to materials can not be completely simulated. In order to effectively use the scale model to simulate the actual submarine echo, the damping similarity of the material is studied on the basis of the similarity between the external line type and the thickness. Based on the theoretical model of double layer spherical shell and cylindrical shell in water, the influence of material loss on the similarity between two shell models and prototypes when making the same material is studied. The influence of damping of different metal materials on target strength is studied. The theoretical analysis and numerical calculation show that the loss factor of metal material has little influence on the acoustic similarity of the scale model.
Acoustic similarity is the base of scaled model tests of underwater target. Because the scale similarity of target external lines can only reflect the echo characteristics of geometric highlights, and the echo characteristics of elastic highlights closely related to materials can not be completely simulated. In order to effectively use the scale model to simulate the actual submarine echo, the damping similarity of the material is studied on the basis of the similarity between the external line type and the thickness. Based on the theoretical model of double layer spherical shell and cylindrical shell in water, the influence of material loss on the similarity between two shell models and prototypes when making the same material is studied. The influence of damping of different metal materials on target strength is studied. The theoretical analysis and numerical calculation show that the loss factor of metal material has little influence on the acoustic similarity of the scale model.
引文
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[2]俞孟萨.采用有限元和边界元方法分析弹性加肋圆柱壳的声学相似性[J].中国造船,1999(3):2-4.
[3]杨德森.王三德编著水下复杂壳体的声学相似性研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2005(2):1-4.
[4]刘国立,汤渭霖.平面声波斜入射到水中无限圆柱的纯弹性共振散射[J].声学学报,1996(5):4-7.
[5]江守一朗,等著,郭廷玮、李安定,译.模型实验的理论和应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1984:81-90.